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ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 26555409     EISSN : 26555409     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/ajche.52004
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
The ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering publishes papers on Chemical Engineering, specifically but not limited to the areas of thermodynamics, reaction kinetics, transport phenomena, process control, environment, energy, biotechnology, corrosion, separation science, powder technology, materials science, and chemical engineering education
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Kimia Proses dan Teknologi
Articles 372 Documents
 31   32   33   34   35 
Extraction of Flavonoids from Merremia mammosa Using Ethanol Solvent in a Fixed-Bed Column Panut Mulyono; Alfita Sofia Yuzki; Maulid Diana Sari; Nur Rofiqoh Eviana Putri
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 22, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.70012

Abstract

This research aims to investigate the best operating condition for the extraction process of flavonoids from Merremia mammosa root by determining the mass transfer coefficient (Ke). The root was prepared by drying, crushing, and sieving into a homogeneous size and then extracted in a fixed-bed column using 70 wt% of ethanol as a solvent for 2 hours. The obtained samples were then analyzed every 30 min using high-performance liquid chromatography. The parameters investigated in this research were particle size of 1.275, 1.85, and 4.01 mm and solvent flow rate of 3, 6, and 9 mL/s. Based on the experimental data, the value of Ke was calculated using the Hooke-Jeeves numerical method of optimization. The results showed that the decrease in particle size and the increase in solvent flow rate could increase the Ke values, leading to the high concentration of flavonoids extracted using the solvent. The Ke values obtained in this research ranged from 0.3145 m/s to 0.7880 m/s. The empirical equation that shows the correlation between Ke and the parameters can be expressed as Sh = 1.10 × 1014 Re0.0564 (1 − ε)0.8718 with a relative error of 6.13% compared with the experimental data (Sh is the Sherwood number, Re is the Reynolds number, and ε is the porosity of the fixed-bed column).
Design, Fabrication, and Testing of Supercapacitor Based on Nanocarbon Composite Material Heri rustamaji Rustamaji; Tirto Prakoso; Hary Devianto; Pramujo Widiatmoko; Isdiriayani Nurdin
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 22, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.70139

Abstract

This research investigates the design, fabrication, and testing of single-cell and module supercapacitors. The supercapacitor consists of carbon nanocomposites, which contain activated carbon (AC), multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), and graphene (GR). The coin and pouch cell type supercapacitors were manufactured with AC: MWCNT: GR composite electrodes in a ratio of 70:20:10 weight percent. Meanwhile, the electrochemical characterization showed that the highest capacitance values for single coin and pouch cells were 32.13 F g-1 and 5.3 F g-1, respectively, in 6 M KOH electrolyte at a scan rate of 2 mV s-1. Furthermore, the power and energy densities for the coin-cell supercapacitor were 69 W kg-1 and 6.6 Wh kg-1, respectively, while for the pouch cell, it was 7.4 W kg-1 and 1.0 Wh kg-1, respectively. The coin-cell supercapacitor durability test was carried out for 1000 cycles, yielding the retention capacitance and coulombic efficiency values of 94-97% and 100%, respectively. These results showed that the performance of the supercapacitor is close to commercial products. 
Kinetics and Adsorption Equilibrium Study of Free Fatty Acid (FFA) from Crude Palm Oil (CPO) on Anionic Resin Sang Kompiang Wirawan; Daniel Timotius; Ivone Marselina Nugraha; Asdi Restana; Afrizal Luthfi Anggara; Sayoga Hidayatullah
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 22, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.70319

Abstract

Crude Palm Oil (CPO) is obtained from palm fruit extraction. Free Fatty Acid (FFA) level is one of the most important parameters to determine the CPO quality. The standard FFA level in the industry is less than 5%. In the palm oil processing industry, FFA levels in CPO have been minimized through vacuum distillation processes. However, due to the emulsified water in oil and long departure waiting time in port, FFA levels in CPO raise to above 5% resulting in lower quality and selling price. This study has developed a novel approach to mitigate this problem by using anionic resin as an adsorbent to decrease the FFA level. We investigated the kinetics and equilibrium behavior of FFA adsorption in CPO on the anionic resin. The adsorption was conducted in several resin dose (17.5%; 25%; 33.33%; 43%). The kinetic study shows that the FFA adsorption kinetics on anionic resin follows the Pseudo-second-order rate model with the value of k2 vary between 2.1034×10-4  – 1.7375×10-3 and the qe value is in the range of 103.627 - 163.880 (mg/g). The equilibrium study shows that the Freundlich isotherm model is the fittest. The Kf values are obtained between 4.16-15.02, and the n values are in the range of 1.62-2.05. The thermodynamic observation was also involved in this study. The value of  and  are 28.59 kJ/mol and 91.25 J/mol/K respectively. The results show that the reaction is endothermic, spontaneous, and feasible.
Photo-Oxidative Degradation and Hydrolytic Degradation of Micro-Graphite Filled Poly(lactic acid) Composites Mujtahid Kaavessina; Esa Nur Shohih; Sperisa Distantina; Fadilah Fadilah
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 22, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.70871

Abstract

In a specific range of electrical conductivity, poly(lactic acid)/PLA has the potential to be developed into environmentally friendly antistatic packaging after a modification process. PLA was blended in a mini single screw extruder at 180oC with different compositions of micro-graphite (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 %wt.). This report discusses the degradability of PLA composite, i.e., photo-oxidative degradation and hydrolytic degradation. The weight loss, thermal properties, and cross-section morphology of the tested specimens were monitored periodically. During the degradation test, micro-graphite could be released from the composite, leaving a rough surface and reducing the weight of the composite. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test exhibited that the presence of micro-graphite did not influence the melting temperature of the composition studied. However, the onset temperature of the melting point showed a slight shift of about 2-4oC. Bulk crystallinity demonstrated a considerable dependence on the micro-graphite loading (0-1.5%wt). However, there were two contradictory phenomena after both degradation tests. UV exposure could stimulate the fragmentation of PLA chains, break the crystal structure and increase the embrittlement. Thus, crystallinity tended to decrease during photo-oxidative degradation. In hydrolytic degradation, degradation firstly occurred in the amorphous regions and was ongoing within the studied range of time (0-20 weeks). Thus, the bulk crystallinity of composite tended to increase.
Effect of pH on Adsorption of Cu2+ by Using Composite of Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Kaolin Nur Afiqah Aina Hassim; Khee Chung Hui; Dita Floresyona; Norashikin Ahmad Kamal; Nonni Soraya Sambudi
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 22, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.71028

Abstract

The existence of copper ions in the aquatic environment at a high level can cause negative repercussions for living organisms due to the toxic effect of bioaccumulation in the food chain. Hence, a profound effort is imperative to remove them from water effectively. Among feasible alternatives, a composite film made of PVA and kaolin is reviewed for copper removal via an adsorption mechanism. In this paper, the removal of copper ions from aqueous solution using PVA/Kaolin composite film has been studied with initial copper ions concentration within the range of 50 and 100 ppm and pH of the aqueous solution being controlled at 4, 7, and 9. The loading of 3 wt% kaolin in PVA shows the best adsorption performance in removing 99.14% of 50 ppm copper with an equilibrium adsorption capacity of 5.379 mg g-1 at pH 7. The composite can maintain the adsorption performance for the removal of 100 ppm copper solution at 96.26%.
Photocatalytic Activity of Cellulose Nanocrystals/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Against Thiazine Dye under UV and Visible Light Irradiation Rey Marc T. Cumba; Clark B. Ligalig; Jhea Mae D. Tingson; Meralin P. Molina; Arnold C. Alguno; Custer C. Deocaris; Felmer Latayada; Indah Primadona; Rey Yonson Capangpangan
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 22, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.72331

Abstract

Organic dyes used in the food and textile industries are the primary sources of environmental contamination due to their high toxicity and nonbiodegradability. This paper describes the synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals/zinc oxide (CNC/ZnO) nanocomposite via the sol-gel method. Various characterization techniques such as FTIR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and FESEM-EDX analysis were done. FTIR and UV-Vis analyses initially confirmed the formation of CNC/ZnO nanocomposites. FESEM-EDX showed a fiber-like structure with agglomerated particles on the CNC-ZnO image, suggesting the functionalization of ZnO nanoparticles onto the CNC. The photocatalytic potential of the CNC/ZnO nanocomposite was then evaluated by degrading 10 ppm thiazine dye (methylene blue) solution. The solution was irradiated with UV and visible light at an ambient temperature. The degradation was monitored at different time intervals using a UV spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance value intermittently. Results on the photocatalytic activity indicated that the synthesized CNC/ZnO nanocomposite showed faster degradation under UV light irradiation than the visible light, with an efficiency of 96.11% and 85.60%, respectively, after 180 mins of light irradiation. Further, the results suggest that the synthesized CNC/ZnO nanocomposite showed great promise as a sustainable material for the degradation of organic contaminants in an aqueous solution.
Determination of Diffusion Coefficients of Heavy Metal Ions (Ni3+, Zn2+, Ba2+, and Mn2+) at Infinite Dilution through Electrolytic Conductivity Measurements Dianne Aubrey A. Dimaculangan; Vergel Castaneda Bungay; Allan Nana Soriano
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 22, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.72902

Abstract

One important parameter to examine the behavior and mass transfer properties of heavy metal ions is the diffusion coefficient. Due to the costly methods of its determination, a simple process correlating the molar conductivity data to diffusion coefficient was utilized. Molar conductivity data were determined for five (5) different dilute concentrations of the chlorides of the heavy metal ions (Ni3+, Zn2+, Ba2+, and Mn2+) and at temperatures ranging from 303.15 to 323.15 K.  The infinite dilution diffusion coefficients of the heavy metals were estimated using the Nernst-Haskell equation and Nernst-Einstein equation. The molar conductivity and the diffusion coefficients values of the ions were in the order of Ba2+ > Mn2+ > Zn2+ > Ni3+ with the Ba2+ having the highest molar conductivity with a correlated infinite dilution diffusion coefficient of 1.6565 × 10-9 m2/s at 303.15 K. This study was able to predict the values of the infinite dilution diffusion coefficient of heavy metal ions and could contribute to a better understanding of the mobility of heavy metal ions in a water environment
The Development of Tubular Photobioreactor for Microalgae Cultivation Varit Kunopagarnwong; Thongchai Rohitatisha Srinophakun
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 22, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.59412

Abstract

In a tubular photobioreactor, microalgae cells obscure one another (Self-shading), leading to the microalgae at the bottom of the tube getting less light. The objective of this research was to design and develop Tubular Photobioreactor with 93.5 liters for microalgae cultivation. The experiments had two steps. The first step was designing the solar receiver by inserting the fin into each tube wall as follows: 12-34, 1-2-3-4, 1234, and 13-24. Then, FLUENT software was used to simulate flow behavior inside the tube by Computational Fluid Dynamics by observing the pressure drop, the amount of energy consumption, and the swirling velocity to select the best fin-type. The best fin-type with the growth rate equation is introduced in the next step to simulate the microalgae's growth and movement using the user-defined function technique. The comparison of a tubular photobioreactor is investigated between fin and without fin by observing biomass production. The results showed that algae's optimum inlet velocity is 0.15 meters per second with the tubes containing fin-type 13-24. When simulating the growth behavior of microalgae, results show that the tubes without fins had lower biomass content than the 13-24 fin-type, which were 0.675 and 0.806 grams per liter, respectively, because the 13-24 fin-type will make well microalgae distribution leading to increase the light distribution too. Tubular photobioreactor fins type 13-24 had more biomass production, up to 19.4 percent.
Effect of Al Concentration over ZnO-Al2O3 Physicochemical Characteristics and Removal of Remazol Red RB Widia Purwaningrum; Fingky Pristika Sari; Julinar Julinar; Adiq Ahmadi; Muhammad Said
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 22, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.70084

Abstract

ZnO is one of the widely used semiconductors due to its high photocatalytic activity. The inactivity of ZnO in the visible range could be enhanced by combining the ZnO with Al. In this study, the photocatalytic activity of ZnO-Al2O3 on Remazol Red RB was investigated. The effect of the ratio mass of ZnO-Al2O3 (1:0.05, 1:0.07, and 1:0.10) was also evaluated. The photocatalyst would be characterized using XRD, SEM-EDX, and UV-Vis DRS. The characterization showed that photocatalysts were successfully synthesized. The XRD analysis showed that the optimum ratio mass of ZnO-Al2O3 was achieved by 1:0.05, with the smallest crystal size of 13.3 nm. The SEM analysis showed that the surface of ZnO-Al2O3 (1:0.05) was easily granulated with smaller particle sizes than ZnO, and the shape tends to clump with the composites. The EDX analysis of ZnO-Al2O3 confirmed the presence of Zn, O, and Al elements. The photodegradation study showed that the optimum conditions were obtained at a contact time of 180 minutes at pH 6 with 91.04% dye removal. In addition, the effect of the initial concentration of the dye was achieved at 50 ppm with a dye removal of 89.26%. The study showed that the ZnO-Al2O3 exhibited adequate removal of Remazol red RB.
Auto Regressive eXogenous (ARX) System Identification of Batch Milk Cooling Process Rudy Agustriyanto; Endang Srihari Mochni; Puguh Setyopratomo
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 22, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.70546

Abstract

The dynamic model of the milk cooling process from 36°C to 4°C using chilled water available at 2°C has been carried out.  The cooling water temperature is kept constant by using a refrigeration unit. The process being studied was a Packo brand milk cooling tank belonging to KUD SAE Pujon (Malang - Indonesia). A fundamental heat balance method was used to derive the model, leading to a first-order transfer function process. For a 2 hours cooling process then, the gain and time constant values are 1.00 and 42.3548 mins respectively, or G(s)=1/(42.3548s+1) (first order process). Deriving system transfer function through a mechanistic model is considered difficult; therefore, in this paper, we explored process identification via Auto Regressive eXogenous (ARX). Transient simulations could then be performed to identify the dynamic behavior of the cooling process. The system was then identified using several orders of the Auto Regressive eXogenous (ARX) model, and then the results were re-tested on different forms of perturbations and obtained quite accurate results. The transfer function identified through the ARX111 is G(s)=1/(42.3729s+1) (first order process), while via ARX441, the 5th order process was obtained: G(s)=(0.02361s^4+0.000371s^3+0.2331s^2+9.27×10^(-7) s+0.0005826)/(s^5+0.03932s^4+9.873s^3+0.2331s^2+0.02468s+0.0005826). These models particularly useful for process control design and analysis.

Page 33 of 38 | Total Record : 372

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