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Evaluation of Standard Reference Environment for Photovoltaic Nominal Operating Cell Temperature Testing in Malaysia
M. M. M. Hanifah;
H. Zainuddin;
M. Z. Hussin
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 8, No 1: October 2017
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i1.pp245-252
This paper presents six months evaluation in determining Standard Reference Environment (SRE) for Photovoltaic (PV) Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) testing of IEC61215 and IEC61646 that suits Malaysian climate. The SRE is established based on the median environmental conditions in Malaysia when solar PV is producing power. The site of the study is located at the Energy and Environment Field Lab, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Shah Alam(3.066239ºN, 101.491685ºE). Three types of PV module technologies involved are monocrystalline, polycrystalline and copper indium diselenide (CIS) thin film. The experimental setup is a test bed that meets the IEC61215, IEC61646 and IEC61724 requirements. The measurements of module temperature (MT) and open circuit voltage (VOC) are taken simultaneously for the three PV module technologies together with other ambient parameters of solar irradiance(SI), ambient temperature(AT), relative humidity(RH), wind speed (Ws) and wind direction(Wd). The data set is taken for a six months period from February 2017 to July 2017. Based on the results obtained, a new proposed SRE of NOCT testing for IEC61215 and IEC61646 has been established to suit Malaysian climate. The SI and AT values for the SRE are 300W/m2 and 31°C respectively.
Lightning Strike Impacts on Hybrid Photovoltaic-Wind System
Zmnako Mohammed;
Hashim Hizam;
Chandima Gomes
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 8, No 1: October 2017
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i1.pp115-121
Study the impacts of lightning-induced transient overvoltage on a hybrid PV-Wind system has been addressed in this work. Overvoltage that is generated due to lightning stroke travels along the system where it can be very harmful to the expensive equipment of the system such as PV models, inverters, charge controllers, batteries, transformers, generator. etc. The simulation model of a system has been completed by using PSCAD/EMTDC software. The system comprises of 2 MW PV farm, battery system, 2.1 MW wind farm and loads which are all connected to the common AC bus and then to the utility grid through an interfacing transformer. Lightning current is generated by using the double exponential function, From the simulation results, when the lightning current is injected to the AC and DC sides of PV system, the transient current and voltage have appeared at different points of the hybrid system. The results were obtained for 8/20 μs and 10/350 μs standards lightning waveforms with current magnitude of 100 kA.
Chaos Embedded Symbiotic Organisms Search Technique for Optimal FACTS Device Allocation for Voltage Profile and Security Improvement
Mohamad Khairuzzaman Mohamad Zamani;
Ismail Musirin;
Saiful Izwan Suliman;
Tarek Bouktir
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 8, No 1: October 2017
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i1.pp146-153
Due to the ever-increasing energy demand, power system operators have attempted to cope with these demands while keeping the power system remain operable. Economic constraints have forced the power system operator to abandon their effort in expanding the power system. The increased load demand can cause the power system to suffer from voltage instability and voltage collapse, especially during contingency condition. Hence, a strategy is required to maintain the steady state operation of a power system. Various research has been conducted to tackle this problem. Therefore, this paper presents the implementation of Chaos Embedded Symbiotic Organisms Search technique to solve optimal FACTS device allocation problem in power transmission system. Various practical constraints are also considered in the optimisation process to emulate the real-life constraints in power system. The optimisation process is conducted on a 26-bus IEEE RTS has validated that the results obtained has not violated the power system stability. The results provided by the proposed optimisation technique has successfully improved the voltage profile and voltage security in the system. Comparative studies are also conducted involving Particle Swarm Optimization and Evolutionary Programming technique resulting good results agreement and superiority of the proposed technique. Results obtained from this study would be beneficial to the power system operators regarding optimisation in power system operation for the implementation in real power transmission network.
Fault Location Techniques in Electrical Power System-A Review
Hui Hwang Goh;
Sy yi Sim;
Mohamad Amirul Hafiz Mohamed;
Abdul Khairi Abdul Rahman;
Chin Wan Ling;
Qing Shi Chua;
Kai Chen Goh
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 8, No 1: October 2017
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i1.pp206-212
Electric fault is the main challenge in the process of providing continues electric supply. Fault can occur at anytime and anywhere. Due to the fault causes are mainly based on natural disaster or accident. Most fault occurrence hardly predicted nor avoided. Therefore, a quick response fault detection is necessary to ensure that the fault area is maintained to ensure a continuous power supply system. Hence, a system is required to detect and locate the position of the fault in the power system especially in the transmission line and distribution line. This paper will review the type of fault that possibly occurs in an electric power system, the type of fault detection and location technique that are available together with the protection device that can be utilized in the power system to protect the equipment from electric fault.
Performance of Pilot-Aided 3D- OFDM Channel Estimation using Different Antenna Configurations
Dinesh N. Bhange;
Chandrashekhar G. Dethe
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 8, No 1: October 2017
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i1.pp77-84
This paper aims, a 3D-Pilot Aided Multi-Input Multi-Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) Channel Estimation (CE) for Digital Video Broadcasting -T2 (DVB-T2)for the 5 different proposed block and comb pilot patterns model and performed on different antenna configuration. The effects of multi-transceiver antenna on channel estimation are addressed with different pilot position in frequency, time and the vertical direction of spatial domain framing. This paper first focus on designing of 5- different proposed spatial correlated pilot pattern model with optimization of pilot overhead. Then it demonstrates the performance comparison of Least Square (LS) &Linear Minimum Mean Square Error (LMMSE), two linear channel estimators for 3D-Pilot Aided patterns on different antenna configurations in terms of Bit Error Rate. The simulation results are shown for Rayleigh fading noise channel environments. Also, 3x4 MIMO configuration is recommended as the most suitable configuration in this noise channel environments.
Enhanced BFGS Quasi-Newton Backpropagation Models on MCCI Data
Nor Azura Md. Ghani;
Saadi Ahmad Kamaruddin;
Norazan Mohammed Ramli;
Ismail Musirin;
Hishamuddin Hashim
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 8, No 1: October 2017
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i1.pp101-106
Neurocomputing is widely implemented in time series area, however the nearness of exceptions that for the most part happen in information time arrangement might be hurtful to the information organize preparing. This is on the grounds that the capacity to consequently discover any examples without earlier suppositions and loss of all-inclusive statement. In principle, the most well-known preparing calculation for Backpropagation calculations inclines toward lessening ordinary least squares estimator (OLS) or all the more particularly, the mean squared error (MSE). In any case, this calculation is not completely hearty when exceptions exist in preparing information, and it will prompt false estimate future esteem. Along these lines, in this paper, we show another calculation that control calculations firefly on slightest middle squares estimator (FFA-LMedS) for BFGS quasi-newton backpropagation neural network nonlinear autoregressive moving (BPNN-NARMA) model to lessen the effect of exceptions in time arrangement information. In the in the mean time, the monthly data of Malaysian Roof Materials cost index from January 1980 to December 2012 (base year 1980=100) with various level of exceptions issue is adjusted in this examination. Toward the finish of this paper, it was found that the upgraded BPNN-NARMA models utilizing FFA-LMedS performed extremely well with RMSE values just about zero errors. It is expected that the finding would help the specialists in Malaysian development activities to handle cost indices data accordingly.
Optimum Enhance Time of Use (ETOU) for Demand Side Electricity Pricing in Regulated Market: An Implementation Using Evolutionary Algorithm
M. F. Sulaima;
N. Y. Dahlan;
Z.M. Yasin;
N.A.M. Asari;
Z.H. Bohari
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 8, No 1: October 2017
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i1.pp253-261
The energy growth in Malaysia is rapidly increasing as the country moves forward with the advancement of industrial revolution. Peak hours require more energy generation, thus cost is also more expensive than during off-peak. Due to this reason, Demand Side Management (DSM) through Demand Response (DR) technique is introduced to modify the demand profile by implementing different strategies of measures. The objective of this study is to optimize the energy profile for commercial sector, as well as analyse the significance of electricity cost reduction by using the optimization technique. A Meta-heuristic technique called as Evolutionary Algorithm (EA) has been implemented in this study to optimize the load profile of a commercial installation. Significant testing shows that the proposed optimization technique has the ability to reform the Maximum Demand from peak zone to off-peak zone to reduce electricity cost. The test results have been validated through 4 cases, which are conventional method for C1 ETOU, C2 ETOU, and C1 ETOU with Optimization technique, and C2 ETOU with optimization technique tariff, respectively. The impact of the EP has been analysed, while the performance of six-time segmentation of C1 and C2 ETOU tariff indicate that the electricity cost for the medium voltage of installation has been reduced. It is hoped that the results from this study can benefit consumers by giving them the flexibility to rearrange their own energy consumption profile, so that the demand side will enjoy significant reduction of electricity cost in the future.
Pulse Density Modulation Flyback Converter for LED Automotive Lighting
Shinde Rohit;
Ramachandiran Gunabalan;
Mehtra Pavan Kumar
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 8, No 1: October 2017
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i1.pp85-91
Switched mode power supply (SMPS) converter is a dc-dc power electronic converter which is used to step up or step down the dc output voltage. A dimmable driver circuit for Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamp for automotive lighting with dimming feature is used in this paper. A flyback converter is used as a driver circuit operated in discontinuous conduction mode to perform dimming control of LEDs. High overall circuit efficiency is achieved by regulating the current through the LED lamps using pulse density modulation scheme. The LED driver circuit design and operating principle is discussed in detail. A gentle current control feature is achieved by pulse density modulation technique. The high performance driver circuit is designed for 25 W LED lamps.
On-line Assessment of Voltage Stability using Synchrophasor Technology
Satyendra Pratap Singh;
S.P. Singh
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 8, No 1: October 2017
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i1.pp1-8
Series of blackouts encountered in recent years in power system have been occurred because either of voltage or angle instability or both together was not detected within time and progressive voltage or angle instability further degraded the system condition, because of increase in loading. This paper presents the real-time assessment methodology of voltage stability using Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) with observability of load buses only in power network. PMUs are placed at strategically obtained location such that minimum number of PMU’s can make all load buses observable. Data obtained by PMU’s are used for voltage stability assessment with the help of successive change in the angle of bus voltage with respect to incremental load, which is used as on-line voltage stability predictor (VSP). The real-time voltage phasors obtained by PMU’s are used as real time voltage stability indicator. The case study has been carried out on IEEE-14 bus system and IEEE-30 bus systems to demonstrate the results.
The Application of Modified Least Trimmed Squares with Genetic Algorithms Method in Face Recognition
Nur Azimah Abdul Rahim;
Nor Azura Md. Ghani;
Norazan Mohamed;
Hishamuddin Hashim;
Ismail Musirin
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 8, No 1: October 2017
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i1.pp154-158
Severely occluded face images are the main problem in low performance of face recognition algorithms. In this paper, we apply a new algorithm, a modified version of the least trimmed squares (LTS) with a genetic algorithms introduce by [1]. We focused on the application of modified LTS with genetic algorithm method for face image recognition. This algorithm uses genetic algorithms to construct a basic subset rather than selecting the basic subset randomly. The modification in this method lessens the number of trials to obtain the minimum of the LTS objective function. This method was then applied to two benchmark datasets with clean and occluded query images. The performance of this method was measured by recognition rates. The AT&T dataset and Yale Dataset with different image pixel sizes were used to assess the method in performing face recognition. The query images were contaminated with salt and pepper noise. The modified LTS with GAs method is applied in face recognition framework by using the contaminated images as query image in the context of linear regression. By the end of this study, we can determine this either this method can perform well in dealing with occluded images or vice versa.