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Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (JLITTRI) aims to publish primary research articles of current research topics, not simultaneously submitted to nor previously published in other scientific or technical ojournals. General review articles will not be accepted. The journal maintains strict standards of content, presentation,and reviewing. SCOPE The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of agricultural science in Indonesia including: Estate crops; Soil science; Climate science; Agronomy; Plant breeding; Biotechnology; Genetic resources; Plant pathology; Plant physiology; Entomology; Farming system; Postharvest technology; Socio-economic agriculture; Environment; Agricultural extension. The journal publishes Indonesian or English articles. Since the year of 2017, the jurnal is published twice a year in (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 17, No 1 (2011): Maret 2011" : 6 Documents clear
PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN DAN KANDUNGAN TOTAL FILANTIN DAN HIPOFILANTIN AKSESI MENIRAN (Phyllanthus sp. L) PADA BERBAGAI TINGKAT NAUNGAN OKTAVIDIATI, EVA; CHOZIN, M.A.; WIJAYANTO, N.; GHULAMAHDI, M.; DARUSMAN, L.K.
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 17, No 1 (2011): Maret 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v17n1.2011.25-31

Abstract

ABSTRAKMeniran adalah anggota dari famili Euphorbiaceae. Lignan, berupafilantin dan hipofilantin yang ada di dalam tanaman, dilaporkan sebagaiagen hepatoprotektif dalam terapi pengobatan yang utama. Eksplorasitelah dilakukan terhadap 13 aksesi meniran pada berbagai tipe habitat yangberbeda di Kabupaten Bangkalan dan Gresik, Provinsi Jawa Timur.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh dari aksesi dan tarafnaungan terhadap pertumbuhan dan kandungan filantin dan hipofilantintanaman meniran (Phyllanthus sp. L). Penelitian dilakukan di KebunPercobaan IPB di Babakan Sawah Baru, Bogor, Jawa Barat denganketinggian tempat 250 m dml dari Maret 2009 sampai September 2009.Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan petak terbagi dengan 3 kali ulangan.Petak utama adalah 3 taraf naungan (N) terdiri atas : 0% (N0), 25%naungan (N1) dan 50% naungan (N2). Anak petak adalah 13 aksesimeniran (A) terdiri atas : A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10, A11,A12, dan A13 berasal dari Bangkalan dan Gresik. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa naungan 50% meningkatkan tinggi tanaman danmenurunkan jumlah daun majemuk. Terjadi interaksi naungan dan aksesiterhadap jumlah cabang. Uji Duncan menghasilkan 3 kelompok aksesiyang mempunyai respon berbeda terhadap naungan. Aksesi nomor 6 dan 7merupakan aksesi yang menunjukkan pertumbuhan dan produksi biomassayang lebih besar dibandingkan aksesi lainnya. Aksesi nomor 7 mempunyaikandungan total filantin dan hipofilantin tertinggi, karena pengaruhnaungan dapat menurunkan kandungan total filantin dan meningkatkankandungan total hipofilantin.Kata kunci : Phyllanthus sp. L., filantin, hipofilantin, naungan, aksesiABSTRACTPlant growth and total phyllanthin and hypophyllanthincontents of Phyllanthus sp. L accession on variousshading levelsMeniran (Phyllanthus sp. L) is family member of Euphorbiaceae.The lignan, consisting of phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin in the plant, wasreported as therapeutically active constituent and serve as hepatoprotectiveagent. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect ofshading intensities on plant growth and phyllanthin and hypophyllanthincontents of Phyllanthus sp. accessions. The experiment was arranged insplit plot design with three replicates. The main plot was shading intensityconsisting of 0% (N0), 25% (N1), and 50% (N2) shades. The sub plot wasof Phyllanthus sp. accessions (A) consisting of A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6,A7, A8, A9, A10, A11, A12, and A13 taken from Bangkalan and Gresik.The results showed that 50% shade increased plant height but decreasednumber of leaves. Interaction between shading intensity and accessiongave significant effect on number of branches. Referring to their responseson shades, all accessions were divided into 3 groups by DMRT. Biomassproductions of accessions number 6 and 7 were greater than the otheraccessions. Accession number 7 was the highest in phyllanthin andhypophyllanthin contents where the shading reduced the phyllanthin butincreased the hypophyllanthin contents.Key words: Phyllanthus sp., phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, shading,accessions
KEEFEKTIFAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN NEMATODA Pratylenchus brachyurus PADA TANAMAN NILAM RITA HARNI; SUPRAMANA SUPRAMANA; MEITY S. SINAGA; GIYANTO GIYANTO; SUPRIADI SUPRIADI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 17, No 1 (2011): Maret 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v17n1.2011.6-10

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenggunaan bakteri endofit sebagai agen pengendalian nematodaparasit seperti Meloidogyne incognita pada kapas dan tomat, Globoderasp. pada kentang dan Radopholus similis pada pisang telah banyak ditelitipada beberapa jenis tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisiskeefektifan  beberapa  bakteri  endofit terhadap  perkembangan  P.brachyurus, penetrasi, reproduksi, dan kerusakan yang diakibatkannyapada tanaman nilam. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium dan Rumahkaca Hama dan Penyakit Balai Penelitian Tanaman Obat dan AromatikBogor, dari bulan Maret sampai Agustus 2008. Penelitian menggunakanrancangan acak lengkap (RAL) 6 perlakuan dengan 7 ulangan. Lima isolatbakteri endofit, yaitu Achromobacter xylosoxidans TT2, Alcaligenesfaecalis NJ16, Pseudomonas putida EH11, Bacillus cereus MSK, danBacillus subtilis NJ57, diaplikasikan pada setek tanaman nilam denganmetode perendaman akar. Seminggu setelah tanam, nilam diinokulasidengan 500 ekor P. brachyurus. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap penetrasi,reproduksi, populasi nematoda, dan pertumbuhan nilam. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa bakteri endofit A. xylosoxidans TT2, A. faecalisNJ16, P. putida EH11, B. cereus MSK, dan B. subtilis NJ57 dapatmenekan penetrasi dan populasi P. brachyurus ke dalam akar sebesar54,8-70,6% dengan faktor reproduksi (pf/pi) 0,61-0,94 dan meningkatkanpertumbuhan tanaman nilam sebesar 37,86-84,71%.Kata kunci: Pogostemon cablin, bakteri endofit, keefektifan, nematoda,Pratylenchus brachyurus, pengendalian biologiABSTRACTEffectiveness  of  endophytic  bacteria  to  controlPratylenchus brachyurus nematode on patchouliThe use of endophytic bacteria as biocontrol agents for nematodes,such as Meloidogyne incognita on cotton and tomatoes, Globodera sp. onpotatoes and Radopholus similis on bananas has been widely studied inseveral crops. The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness ofsome endophytic bacteria to control P. brachyurus, penetration,reproduction, and plant fresh weight production. Five isolates, namely A.xylosoxidans TT2, A. faecalis NJ16, P. putida EH11, B. cereus MSK, andB. subtilis NJ57 were applied to the patchouli cutting roots by soakingmethod before planting. A week after planting, the plants were inoculatedwith 500 juveniles and adults of P. brachyurus. Observations were doneon penetration and reproduction rates of the nematode, and growth ofpatchouli plant. Under greenhouse condition, A. xylosoxidans TT2, A.faecalis NJ16, P. putida EH11, B. cereus MSK, and B. subtilis NJ57reduced penetration rate of P. brachyurus into the patchouli roots by 54.8to 70.6% and suppressed nematode population with pf/pi value 0.61 to0.94. Growth of inoculated plants increased by 37.86 to 84.71% comparedwith uninoculated (control) ones.Key words: Pogostemon cablin, endophytic bacteria, effectivenessnematode, Pratylenchus brachyurus, biological control
OPTIMASI TEKNIK ISOLASI DAN PURIFIKASI DNA YANG EFISIEN DAN EFEKTIF PADA KEMIRI SUNAN (Reutalis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) SYAFARUDDIN SYAFARUDDIN; TRI JOKO SANTOSO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 17, No 1 (2011): Maret 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v17n1.2011.11-17

Abstract

ABSTRAKKemiri sunan merupakan salah satu tanaman penghasil biodieseldengan potensi yang sangat besar disamping pemanfaatannya sebagaitanaman konservasi. Minyak kemiri sunan mengandung racun sehinggatidak dapat dikonsumsi. Dikatakan bahwa asam α-eleostearat dengankandungan 50% dalam minyak merupakan senyawa yang mengakibatkanminyak kemiri sunan beracun. Sebagai tanaman yang potensial, makasangat diperlukan informasi lengkap tentang tanaman tersebut, termasukanalisis DNA. Berbagai teknik dapat dilakukan untuk mengisolasi DNAtergantung dari jenis tanaman, organ tanaman, atau jaringan tanaman yangdigunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan teknik isolasi danpurifikasi DNA yang efektif dan efisien, sehingga bisa mengurangi biayadan penghematan waktu dalam pengerjaan di laboratorium. Penelitiandilaksanakan di Laboratorium Biologi Molekuler, Balai Besar Penelitiandan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian (BBBiogen), Bogor pada bulan Juli-September 2010. Materi genetik yangdigunakan adalah contoh daun muda tanaman kemiri sunan yang diambildari kebun koleksi plasma nutfah dan kebun Agro Widya Wisata,Pakuwon, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri(BALITTRI), Sukabumi. Sedangkan bahan lain adalah paket bahan kimiayang digunakan dalam kegiatan isolasi DNA pada umumnya. Kegiatanmeliputi beberapa tahapan: ekstraksi dan purifikasi DNA, pengukurankonsentrasi dan kemurnian DNA serta amplifikasi DNA. Hasil ekstraksiDNA kemiri sunan dengan menggunakan kombinasi penambahanantioksidan polivinilpolipirolidon (PVPP) dan mercapto-ethanol, namuntanpa penggunaan nitrogen cair, ataupun penyimpanan lebih lama (overnight) dari ekstrak daun yang telah digerus sebelum dilakukan purifikasiseperti yang sering dilakukan untuk tanaman tahunan pada umumnya,memperlihatkan hasil yang sangat memuaskan, dimana DNA mempunyaikualitas dan kuantitas yang sangat baik serta pola pita amplikon DNAterlihat sangat jelas dan tebal, sehingga bisa dikatakan bahwa teknik isolasiDNA yang dipakai dalam kegiatan ini adalah sangat memberikan hasilyang nyata dan memenuhi syarat untuk digunakan dalam ekstraksi DNAkemiri sunan.Kata kunci: Reutalis trisperma, optimasi, isolasi, purifikasi, DNAABSTRACTOptimation of DNA isolation and purification techniques on Reutalistrisperma (Blanco) Airy ShawReutalis trisperma is well known as a potential plant whichproduces biodiesel and to be used for the conservation as well. Thereutalis oil is toxic, therefore it is inedible due to about 50% α-eleostearatacid content in the oil. As a potential plant, its information in more detail isneeded including the DNA analysis. There are many techniques to conductDNA isolation depending on kind of plants, plant organ, or plant tissuethat will be analyzed. The aim of this experiment was to find theeffectiveness and efficiency techniques of DNA isolation and purification,so they can reduce cost and time while working in the laboratory. Theexperiment was conducted at Molecular Biology Laboratory of IndonesianCenter for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Researchand Development (BB BIOGEN), Bogor from July to September 2010.Young leaves of reutelis used as genetic materials were taken fromgermplasms collection at Pakuwon Experimental Station of IndonesianSpice and Industrial Crops Research Institute (ISICRI), Sukabumi. Whilesome chemicals were used as the other material. The activities were asfollows : DNA extraction and purification, measurement of DNAconcentration, and amplification of DNA. Deletion of resistor enzyme-polysacharide, especially for perennial plant. DNA isolation can be doneby breaking down of cell wall, cell membrane, and nuclear membrane. Theresults showed that conscientiousness of DNA isolation and purificationdenoted an important step to obtain clean and contaminant free of DNA, sothe banding patterns were clear. In this technique did not usepolypinilpolypirolidone (PVPP) and mercapto-ethanol such as antioxidant,liquid nitrogen, neither over night storage of leaf extraction before used forpurification which is often used for perennial plant. In addition the resultsshowed that band pattern of DNA was very thick and clear, therefore thistechnique can be applied for DNA isolation on Reutalis trisperma.Key words: Reutalis trisperma, optimization, isolation, purification, DNA
PENGARUH DIET EMULSI VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) TERHADAP PROFIL LIPID TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) FETI FATIMAH; BARLINA RINDENGAN
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 17, No 1 (2011): Maret 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v17n1.2011.18-24

Abstract

ABSTRAKVirgin Coconut Oil (VCO) merupakan salah satu produk panganfungsional yang populer di masyarakat. Cita rasa VCO dapat diperkayadalam bentuk emulsi mengandung sari buah nenas. Penelitian inidilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh diet emulsi VCO terhadap profillipid tikus (Rattus norvegicus) yang sebelumnya diinduksi hiperlipidemiadengan lemak babi 180g/100g ransum dan kuning telur bebek dengandosis 4 ml/hari. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Januari sampai Desember 2009di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kelapa dan Palma Lain(BALITKA), Laboratorium FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado,Laboratorium UPHP (Unit Penelitian Hewan Percobaan) UniversitasGadjah Mada Yogyakarta serta Laboratorium PAU IPB Bogor. Delapanbelas tikus dibagi secara acak ke dalam 3 kelompok (6 tikus perkelompok). Kelompok I adalah kelompok kontrol yang diberi akuades,kelompok II diberi diet emulsi VCO, dan kelompok III diberi diet VCOmurni. Kandungan kolesterol total, HDL, LDL, dan triasilgliserol diukursetelah akhir perlakuan dengan metode enzimatik. Kadar kolesterol totaldiukur menggunakan metode CHOD-PAP, kadar kolesterol LDLmenggunakan metode PVS, kadar kolesterol HDL menggunakan metodeCHOD-PAP dan kadar triasil gliserol menggunakan metode GPO-PAP.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi 0,945ml/hari VCO dan3,78ml/hari emulsi VCO selama 7 hari dapat menurunkan kadar kolesteroltotal, kadar kolesterol LDL, serta meningkatkan kadar kolesterol HDLdarah tikus Wistar secara signifikan (=0,05), sedangkan penurunan kadartriasilgliserol hanya ditunjukkan oleh konsumsi emulsi VCO (=0,05).Dengan demikian, emulsi VCO yang diperkaya dengan sari buah nenasberperan lebih baik dari VCO murni dalam menurunkan kolesterol padahewan uji tikus.Kata kunci: Virgin coconut oil (VCO), emulsi VCO, profil lemakABSTRACTEffect of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Emulsion Diet onLipid Profile of White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) is a functional food product that ispopular in the society. VCO-emulsion is a VCO emulsified with pineapplejuice. This study was conducted to find out the effect of VCO-emulsiondiet on lipid profile of mouse (Rattus norvegicus) strain wistar which wasalready treated by inducting hyperlipidemia using lard (180g/100g) andyolk (4ml/days). This research was conducted from January to December2009 at the Laboratory of Coconut and Other Palm Trees ResearchInstitute (BALITKA), the Laboratory of FMIPA Sam Ratulangi UniversityManado, the Laboratory of Experiment Animal Research Unit GadjahMada University Yogyakarta, and the Laboratory of PAU IPB Bogor.Eighteen mice were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group I was thecontrol group treated with aquadest only, group II was treated with VCO-emulsion diet, and group III was treated with pure VCO diet. The contentof total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triacylglicerol were measured at theend of the treatment using enzymatic method. In this study, there weresome methods used for measurements: CHOD-PAP method for level oftotal cholesterol, PVS method for level of LDL cholesterol, CHOD-PAPmethod for level of HDL cholesterol, and GPO-PAP method for measuringlevel of triacylglicerol. The study results showed that diet of 0.945ml/daysof VCO and 3.78ml/days of VCO emulsion for 7 days significantlydecreased the level of total cholesterol and the level of LDL cholesterol,and increased the level of HDL cholesterol in the blood of Wistar mouse(α=0.05). Whereas it was shown that only by diet of VCO emulsion(α=0.05) decreased the level of triacylglicerol. Thus, VCO emulsionsignificantly lowered cholesterol in the experimental mouse better thanpure VCO diet only.Key words : Virgin coconut oil(VCO) , VCO emulsion, lipid profile
PERTUMBUHAN EMPAT KLON HARAPAN VANILI (Vanilla planifolia) PADA UMUR FISIOLOGIS DAN POSISI RUAS YANG BERBEDA SUKARMAN SUKARMAN
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 17, No 1 (2011): Maret 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v17n1.2011.1-5

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian dilakukan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat(Balittro) dan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka TanamanIndustri (Balittri) dari bulan Januari 2006 sampai Desember 2007.Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh posisi ruas terhadapdaya tumbuh dan pertumbuhan benih empat klon harapan vanili, sebagaisalah satu landasan penetapan standar prosedur operasional (SPO)perbanyakan benih vanili secara vegetatif. Penelitian terdiri atas duakegiatan, yaitu: (1) Pengaruh umur fisiologis dan posisi ruas yang berbedaterhadap daya tumbuh setek dan pertumbuhan vanili klon 1 dan 2, dan (2)Pengaruh posisi ruas terhadap daya tumbuh setek dan pertumbuhanbenih/setek vanili klon 3 dan klon 4. Percobaan pertama disusun dalampola faktorial 2 x 2 x 3 dan dilaksanakan dalam rancangan petak terbagidua kali, dengan 3 ulangan dan 20 setek tiap satuan percobaan. Petakutama adalah dua klon vanili, yaitu klon 1 dan 2, dan anak petak adalah 2umur fisiologis sulur, yaitu (1) sulur umur 6 bulan, dan (2) sulur umur 12bulan setelah pemangkasan. Anak-anak petak adalah setek pada limaposisi ruas, yaitu 1) pertama, 2) kedua, 3) ketiga, 4) keempat, dan 5) ke-lima. Percobaan kedua menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi yangdiulang 3 kali dengan 20 sampel tanaman setiap perlakuan dan ulangan.Petak utama adalah dua nomor klon harapan vanili yaitu klon 3 dan 4,anak petak adalah setek pada 10 posisi ruas, yaitu 1) pertama, 2) kedua, 3)ketiga, 4) keempat, 5) kelima, 6) keenam, 7) ketujuh, 8) kedelapan, 9) ke-sembilan, dan 10) kesepuluh. Posisi ruas yang digunakan dalam keduapercobaan tersebut dihitung dari bagian atas sulur, setelah 2 ruas daripucuk dibuang. Peubah yang diamati meliputi daya tumbuh setek,pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi tanaman/panjang sulur, jumlah dan panjangruas, serta jumlah dan ukuran daun. Pertumbuhan vanili tidak dipengaruhioleh jenis klon serta umur fisiologis sulur, tetapi dipengaruhi oleh posisiruas. Setek dari ruas kedua sampai ketujuh mempunyai pertumbuhan yangterbaik, dengan daya tumbuh berturut-turut 87,47; 84,58; 81,25; 85,00;81,67; dan 83,83%. Disimpulkan bahwa perbanyakan tanaman vanili dapatmenggunakan setek l ruas yaitu dari ruas kedua sampai ruas ketujuh.Kata kunci: Vanilla planifolia, umur fisiologis, sulur, posisi ruas, dayatumbuh, pertumbuhanABSTRACTGrowth of Four Promissing Vanila Clones (Vanillaplanifolia) at Different Physiological Stages and Inter-nodes PositionsThe experiment was conducted at the Indonesian Medicinal andAromatic Crops Research Institute (IMACRI) and Indonesian Spice andIndustrial Crops Research Institute (ISICRI), from January 2006 untilDecember 2007. This experiment aimed at evaluating the effect ofphysiological stages and internodes positions on the cutting germinationpercentage and growth of four vanilla clones, in terms of establishingstandard operational procedure (SOP) of vegetative propagation of vanilla.The research consisted of 2 experiments, i.e. (1) effect of physiologicalstages and internodes positions on the cutting germination and growth ofvanilla clon 1 and 2, and (2) effect of internodes positions on thegermination and growth of vanilla clone 3 and 4. The first experimenttested 3 treatment factors and was arranged in 2 x 2 x 3 factorial pattern insplit-split plot design with 3 replicates. Twenty cuttings were planted ineach experimental unit. The main plots were two vanilla clones (clone 1and 2), and sub plots were two different physiological stages of internodes,i.e. (1) 6 and (2) 12 months old after cutting their main stem. While thesub-sub plots were cuttings from five internodes positions : (1) first, (2)second, (3) third, (4) fourth, and (5) fifth internodes. The secondexperiment was arranged in factorial split plot design with 3 replicates.The main plots were 2 different vanilla clones, i.e. (1) clone 3 and 4, andsub-plots were cuttings from 10 different internodes positions, i.e. 1) first,(2) second, (3) third, (4) fourth, (5) fifth, 6) sixth, 7) seventh, 8) eighth, 9)ninth, and 10) tenth internodes. Variables observed were germination ofcuttings and plant growth (plant height, number and length of internodes,number and size of leaves). The results indicated that growth of vanillawas not affected by clones and physiological stage of cuttings, but it wassignificantly influenced by internodes positions. Cuttings originated fromsecond until seventh internodes positions resulted in the best growth ofvanilla plant, with germination rates of 84.58; 81.25; 85.00; 81.67; and83.83 %, respectively. It could be concluded that cuttings from seconduntil seventh internodes positions were recommended for plantingmaterials of vanilla.Key words: Vanilla planifolia, physiological stages, internodes positions,germination, growth
KEANEKARAGAMAN FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA (FMA) PADA RIZOSFER TANAMAN PEGAGAN (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) HARTOYO, BUDI; GHULAMAHDI, M.; DARUSMAN, L.K.; AZIZ, S.A.; MANSUR, I.
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 17, No 1 (2011): Maret 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v17n1.2011.32-40

Abstract

ABSTRAKDefisiensi hara fosfor (P) menjadi salah satu faktor pembatas dalamsistem produksi pertanian di Indonesia yang umumnya diusahakan padatanah-tanah masam. Pemanfaatan fungi mikoriza arbuskula (FMA)merupakan salah satu alternatif dalam menanggulangi permasalahan padatanah masam, karena FMA dapat membantu tanaman menyerap unsur Pdan unsur hara lainnya dari dalam tanah. Untuk mempelajari potensi FMA,hal pertama yang harus diketahui adalah keanekaragaman dari organismetersebut. Dengan adanya data tentang keanekaragaman FMA, maka dapatdilakukan seleksi guna mendapatkan isolat FMA yang potensial danefektif dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanamanpegagan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasijenis-jenis FMA pada rizosfer tanaman pegagan. Penelitian dilaksanakanbulan Januari sampai Agustus 2008. Pengambilan contoh tanah dilakukanpada tiga lokasi pertanaman pegagan di Kebun Percobaan Gunung Putri,Sukamulya, dan Cicurug, sedangkan isolasi, identifikasi, dan pemerang-kapan spora dilakukan di Laboratorium Ekofisiologi dan rumah kaca BalaiPenelitian Tanaman Obat dan Aromatik Bogor. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa sebelum pemerangkapan diperoleh 2 genus (Glomusdan Acaulospora) pada contoh tanah di KP Gunung Putri, 3 genus(Glomus, Acaulospora dan Scutellospora) di KP Sukamulya, dan 2 genus(Glomus dan Acaulospora) di KP Cicurug. Setelah dilakukan trappingjenis FMA, di KP Gunung Putri didapatkan 5 jenis FMA (4 tipe Glomusdan 1 tipe Acaulospora), di KP Sukamulya terdapat 5 jenis FMA (3 tipeGlomus, 1 tipe Acaulospora, dan 1 tipe Scutellospora), dan di KP Cicurugterdapat 4 jenis FMA (3 tipe Glomus dan 1 tipe Acaulospora).Keanekaragaman FMA pada rizosfer pertanaman pegagan cukup beragamdan berpotensi dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan,khususnya ketersediaan dan serapan hara P.Kata kunci : Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, keanekaragaman, fungimikoriza arbuskula (FMA), pegaganABSTRACTArbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF) diversity on asiaticpennywort Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) rhizosphereDeficiency of phosphorus (P) is one of the limiting factors ofagricultural production system in Indonesia which is generally managed onacid soils. Utilizing arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) is one of thealternative solutions on acid soils problem, because of its ability to take upP and other nutrients from soils. The first concern which must be studied isdiversity of the organism. Data on AMF diversity obtained is useful toselect potential and effective AMF by increasing plant growth andproduction of asiatic pennywort. The aim of this research was to isolateand identify types of AMF in asiatic pennywort rhizosphere. The experi-ment was conducted from January until August 2008. Soil samples weretaken from three locations of asiatic pennywort plantations i.e. GunungPutri, Sukamulya, and Cicurug experimental stations. Isolation, identifi-cation, and trapping of spore were conducted at the Eco-physiology labo-ratory and glasshouse of Indonesian Medicinal and Aromatic CropsResearch Institute (IMACRI), Bogor. The laboratory results of soil sam-ples before trapping showed that there were two genus of AMF spores(Glomus and Acaulospora) in the samples from Gunung Putri, three genus(Glomus, Acaulospora, and Scutellospora) from Sukamulya, and twogenus (Glomus and Acaulospora) from Cicurug. After trapping, it wasidentified that the soil samples from Gunung Putri, Sukamulya, andCicurug contained five AMF species (four types of Glomus and one typeof Acaulospora), five AMF species (three types of Glomus, one type ofAcaulospora and Scutellospora), and four AMF species (three types ofGlomus and one type of Acaulospora) from Cicurug. Diversity of AMFvariety can be utilized to get potential to increase the efficiency offertilizer, specifically availability and uptake of nutrient P.Key words : Centella  asiatica  (L.)  Urban,  diversity,  ArbuscularMycorrhizae Fungi (AMF), asiatic pennywort

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