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Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (JLITTRI) aims to publish primary research articles of current research topics, not simultaneously submitted to nor previously published in other scientific or technical ojournals. General review articles will not be accepted. The journal maintains strict standards of content, presentation,and reviewing. SCOPE The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of agricultural science in Indonesia including: Estate crops; Soil science; Climate science; Agronomy; Plant breeding; Biotechnology; Genetic resources; Plant pathology; Plant physiology; Entomology; Farming system; Postharvest technology; Socio-economic agriculture; Environment; Agricultural extension. The journal publishes Indonesian or English articles. Since the year of 2017, the jurnal is published twice a year in (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 27, No 1 (2021): June, 2021" : 5 Documents clear
The Effectiveness of Scarification Technique to Break Dormancy Kenaf Seed (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) Taufiq Hidayat Rahman Side; Retno Mastuti; Athifah Rosi Widiani
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 27, No 1 (2021): June, 2021
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v27n1.2021.34-43

Abstract

The kenaf seeds have a hard seed surface structure, seed trichomes, and attached hilum cap tightly that can inhibit the kenaf seed germination process and become one of the causes of physical dormancy. Physical dormancy can be broken by scarification techniques. There are three scarification techniques, namely mechanical, physical, and chemical scarification. This study aimed to determine which scarification techniques were effective against the breaking of kenaf seed dormancy. The research was carried out at the Seed Laboratory of the Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Institute in January-May 2019. The research method used a randomized block design consisting of seven scarification treatments with four replications. The treatment consists of mechanical treatment, water soaking treatment at 70ºC for 3 hours, water soaking treatment at 80ºC for 3 hours, water soaking treatment at 90ºC for 3 hours, H2SO4 98% soaking for 5 minutes, H2SO4 98% soaking for 10 minutes and H2SO4 98% soaking for 15 minutes. The results showed that the scarification technique had a significant effect on increasing the viability of kenaf seeds. Scarification treatment with H2SO4 98% soaking for 5 minutes effectively broke the dormancy of kenaf seed. It could improve the germination of kenaf seeds up to 6%, reduce the number of seed trichomes, and effectively exfoliate the hilum cap. The study suggest that soaking the kenaf seeds in H2SO4 98% for 10 minutes could be adopted to break the seed dormancy to improve the germination.Keywords: dormancy, Hibiscus cannabinus, hilum cap, scarification, seed trichome ABSTRAKEFEKTIVITAS TEKNIK SKARIFIKASI UNTUK MEMATAHKAN DORMANSI BENIH KENAF (Hibiscus cannabinus L.)Benih kenaf memiliki struktur permukaan yang keras, trikoma, dan penutup hilum yang menempel kuat. Hal ini dapat menghambat proses perkecambahan benih kenaf dan menjadi salah satu penyebab dormansi fisik. Dormansi fisik dapat dipatahkan dengan teknik skarifikasi. Terdapat tiga teknik skarifikasi, yaitu skarifikasi mekanik, fisik, dan kimia. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui teknik skarifikasi yang efektif terhadap pematahan dormansi benih kenaf. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Benih Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat pada bulan Januari-Mei 2019. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok yang terdiri atas tujuh perlakuan skarifikasi benih kenaf dengan empat ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari perlakuan mekanik, perendaman air suhu 70ºC selama 3 jam, perendaman air suhu 80ºC selama 3 jam, perendaman air suhu 90ºC selama 3 jam, perendaman H2SO4 98%  selama 5 menit, perendaman H2SO4 98% selama 10 menit dan perendaman H2SO4 98% selama 15 menit. Banyaknya benih tiap perlakuan adalah 400 biji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik skarifikasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap pematahan dormansi benih kenaf. Perlakuan skarifikasi dengan perendaman H2SO4 98% selama 5 menit efektif mematahkan dormansi benih kenaf dan meningkatkan daya berkecambah benih kenaf hingga 6% dan mampu mereduksi jumlah trikoma benih dan efektif dalam pengelupasan hilum cap. Metode pematahan dormansi benih kenaf perlu dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan efektifitasnya.Kata kunci : dormansi, Hibiscus cannabinus, hilum cap, skarifikasi, trikoma benih
Dormancy Breaking and Stimulation of Apical and Basal Sugarcane Stem to Increase Multiplication Index Dian Hapsari Ekaputri; Endah Retno Palupi; Purwono Purwono; Sri Suhesti
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 27, No 1 (2021): June, 2021
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v27n1.2021.1-11

Abstract

Sugarcane is propagated by stem cuttings, each stem consisted of 13-18 nodes. However, only 8 nodes at the middle part of the sugarcane stem are taken for cuttings/bud setts. The objective of the research was to investigate the possibility used of apical and basal stems as planting materials and to investigate dormancy breaking and stimulating bud growth methods of apical and basal stems. The research was arranged in a completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor was the position of bud setts in a stem (apical, middle, and basal). The second factor was dormancy breaking and growth-promoting solutions (IAA 100 ppm, IAA 200 ppm, GA3 50 ppm, GA3 100 ppm, KNO3 3%, ZA 0.36% for 30 min. and hot water treatment (HWT) 500C for 1 and 2 hours). All the treatments were replicated three times. The result showed that soaking apical bud setts in IAA 100 ppm or water could increase 3 shooted bud setts, whereas basal bud setts soaked in KNO3 3% or water could increase 1 shooted bud setts. Soaking bud setts from the middle part of the stem in water, ZA 0.36% or KNO3 3% resulted in 6 shooted bud setts. Bud setts from apical and basal stems could be used as planting materials, which increase the multiplication index to 1:11, higher than the current procedure (1:6). Soaking into the water for 30 minutes recommended for dormancy breaking and stimulating apical and basal bud setts.Keywords: Auxin, basal, bud setts, multiplication index, nitrogen AbstrakSTUDI PEMATAHAN DORMANSI DAN PERCEPATAN PERTUNASAN RUAS BATANG ATAS DAN BAWAH TEBU UNTUK MENINGKATKAN FAKTOR PENANGKARANTebu diperbanyak menggunakan setek batang, setiap batang terdiri dari 13-18 ruas, tetapi hanya 8 ruas yang digunakan untuk setek batang satu mata/bud setts. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan informasi potensi pemanfaatan batang atas dan batang bawah tebu sebagai sumber benih dan mendapatkan metode perlakuan benih untuk meningkatkan viabilitas benih yang berasal dari batang atas dan bawah tebu. Rancangan penelitian yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap 2 Faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu bagian batang (atas, tengah dan bawah). Faktor kedua adalah pematahan dormansi dan percepatan pertunasan dengan perendaman dalam larutan IAA 100 ppm, IAA 200 ppm, GA3 50 ppm, GA3 100 ppm, KNO3 3%, ZA 0,36% selama 30 menit, hot water treatment (HWT) 500C selama 1 dan 2 jam. Semua perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Perendaman bud setts batang atas dalam larutan IAA 100 ppm atau air menghasilkan tambahan 3 bud setts, sedangkan perendaman bud setts yang berasal dari batang bawah dalam larutan KNO3 3% atau air menghasilkan tambahan 1 bud setts. Perendaman bud setts yang berasal dari batang tengah dalam air, ZA 0,36% atau KNO3 3% menghasilkan 6 bud setts. Penggunaan batang atas dan bawah sebagai bahan tanam dapat meningkatkan faktor penangkaran menjadi 1:11 (jika berdasarkan Standar Operasional Prosedur 1:6). Perendaman dengan air selama 30 menit direkomendasikan untuk pematahan dormansi dan percepatan pertunasan bud setts asal batang atas dan bawah tebu.Kata kunci : Auksin, batang bawah, bud setts, faktor penangkaran, nitrogen. 
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Kemiri Sunan Population in East Nusa Tenggara Based on RAPD Markers Izzah, Nur Kholilatul; Herman, Maman; Wardiana, Edi; Pranowo, Dibyo
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 27, No 1 (2021): June, 2021
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v27n1.2021.12-21

Abstract

Genetic diversity analysis is the first step to determine the level of genetic diversity of kemiri sunan accessions. High genetic diversity in generative propagated germplasm collection is a basic foundation to develop new high-yielding varieties. The research aimed to detect the genetic diversity of kemiri sunan population in NTT based on RAPD markers. The study was conducted at the Integrated Laboratory, Balittri, Sukabumi from May to July 2019. A total of 32 kemiri sunan accessions were obtained from a private plantation owned by PT BHLI in Bajawa, Flores, NTT analyzed its genetic diversity using 40 RAPD markers. Markers that produced polymorphic bands were scored in binary data format and were then used for genetic diversity analysis using the NTSYS program. Results showed that 11 RAPD markers were polymorphic and generated a total of 41 bands consisting of 32 polymorphic bands (78.05%) and 9 monomorphic bands (21.95%). The genetic diversity analysis with a genetic similarity value of 0.737 showed that the 32 kemiri sunan accessions were divided into 2 clusters. Among those, two accessions (T2 and T4) can be selected as candidates for new high-yielding varieties, because they are located in different groups and showed high per plant fruit number. The result of the study also obtained the genetic distance value between kemiri sunan accessions varies from 0.00 to 0.46. The combination of two kemiri sunan accessions with a high genetic distance value should be useful as parents to obtain F1 progeny with a high heterosis effect.Keywords: Accesion, genetic diversity, parental selection, RAPD marker, Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy ShawAbstrakANALISIS KERAGAMAN GENETIK POPULASI KEMIRI SUNAN DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR BERDASARKAN MARKA RAPDAnalisis keragaman genetik merupakan langkah awal untuk mengetahui tingkat keragaman genetik dan hubungan kekerabatan dari setiap aksesi kemiri sunan. Keragaman genetik yang tinggi pada koleksi plasma nutfah yang diperbanyak secara generatif merupakan modal dasar dalam upaya untuk merakit varietas unggul baru. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeteksi keragaman genetik populasi kemiri sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) di Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) berdasarkan marka RAPD. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Terpadu, Balittri, Sukabumi mulai bulan Mei sampai Juli 2019. Sebanyak 32 aksesi kemiri sunan yang diperoleh dari perkebunan swasta milik PT BHLI di Bajawa, Flores, NTT, dianalisis keragaman genetiknya menggunakan 40 marka RAPD. Marka yang menghasilkan pita polimorphic diskoring dalam format data biner dan digunakan untuk analisis keragaman genetik menggunakan program NTSYS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 11 marka RAPD bersifat polimorfik dengan jumlah pita sebanyak 41 yang terdiri dari 32 pita polimorfik (78,05%) dan 9 pita monomorfik (21,95%). Sementara, hasil analisis keragaman genetik membagi 32 aksesi kemiri sunan menjadi 2 kelompok pada nilai kesamaan genetik 0,737. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh dua aksesi kemiri sunan (T2 dan T4) yang dapat dipilih sebagai kandidat varietas unggul baru, karena terdapat pada kelompok yang berbeda dan mempunyai jumlah buah yang banyak. Dari hasil penelitian juga diperoleh nilai jarak genetik antar aksesi kemiri sunan yang bervariasi, yaitu 0,00-0,46. Kombinasi dari dua aksesi kemiri sunan dengan nilai jarak genetik yang tinggi dapat digunakan sebagai tetua persilangan untuk mendapatkan keturunan F1 yang lebih unggul.Kata kunci : Aksesi, keragaman genetik, marka RAPD, Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw, seleksi tetua
The Effect of Colchicine onGenome Size and Agronomical Traits and Correlation with Sugarcane Putative Mutants Production Nurya Yuniyati; Trikoesoemaningtyas Trikoesoemaningtyas; Sri Suhesti
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 27, No 1 (2021): June, 2021
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v27n1.2021.22-33

Abstract

The mutation could improve plant genetic variability. Some putative sugarcane mutants originating from the PS 881 variety have been produced through mutation induction using colchicine. The study aimed to determine the effect of colchicine induced on genome size and agronomical traits, and its correlation with sugarcane putative mutants production. The experiment was conducted at the UPBUP of IAARD, Bogor, July 2018-April 2019. The research was carried out in an augmented design in randomized complete block design, using 35 genotypes of the first generation G0 (30 putative mutants from colchicine 0.03 and 0.05%, five check varieties). The genome size, agronomical traits, i.e. stem number, length, diameter, and weight per meter; internode number and length; brix, and production, were evaluated. This result showed that colchicine increased 5.03-13.64% genome size of putative sugarcane mutants compared to the original variety PS 881. It is significantly different for almost all of agronomical traits. The genome size was significantly correlated very positively with brix and significantly positively with stem length and diameter, and production. Path analysis showed that stem (weight per meter and length) has a direct effect on production, in contrast, genome size, stem diameter, internode number, and brix have an indirect effect through stem weight per meter to production. Indirect selection to obtain high production can be done through stem (weight per meter and length), consider for genome size, stem diameter, internode number, and brix. This is  experimental preliminary information, validation on field is needed among direct and indirect of production components to production.Keywords: agronomical traits correlation, colchicine, path analysis, sugarcane production AbstrakPENGARUH KOLKISIN TERHADAP UKURAN GENOM DAN KARAKTER AGRONOMI SERTA HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN PRODUKSI MUTAN PUTATIF TEBUPeningkatan keragaman genetik dapat dilakukan melalui mutasi. Sejumlah mutan putatif tebu yang berasal dari varietas PS 881 telah dihasilkan melalui induksi mutasi menggunakan kolkisin. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kolkisin terhadap ukuran genom dan karakter agronomi, serta hubungannya dengan produksi mutan putatif tebu. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Unit Pengelola Benih Unggul Pertanian (UPBUP), Badan Litbang Pertanian, Bogor, Juli 2018-April 2019. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan augmented dalam rancangan acak kelompok lengkap, dengan 35 genotipe generasi awal G0 (30 mutan putatif tebu hasil perlakuan kolkisin 0,03 dan 0,05%, serta lima varietas pembanding). Karakter yang diamati adalah ukuran genom dan karakter agronomi (jumlah, panjang, diameter, dan bobot batang per meter; jumlah dan panjang ruas; brix; serta produksi). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan kolkisin meningkatkan ukuran genom mutan putatif tebu 5,03-13,64% dibandingkan tetua PS 881 dan mengakibatkan perbedaan yang nyata pada hampir seluruh karakter agronomi. Ukuran genom berkorelasi positif sangat nyata dengan brix dan nyata dengan panjang dan diameter batang, serta produksi. Analisis lintas menunjukkan karakter bobot batang per meter dan panjang batang berpengaruh langsung pada produksi, sedangkan karakter ukuran genom, diameter batang, jumlah ruas, dan brix berpengaruh tak langsung pada produksi melalui bobot batang per meter. Seleksi tak langsung untuk mendapatkan produksi tinggi terutama melalui karakter bobot batang per meter dan panjang batang dengan mempertimbangkan karakter ukuran genom, diameter batang, jumlah ruas, dan brix. Hasil penelitian merupakan informasi awal yang memerlukan validasi hubungan pengaruh langsung dan tak langsung komponen produksi terhadap produksi di tingkat lapangan.Kata kunci : analisis lintas, kolkisin, korelasi karakter agronomi, produksi tebu 
The Effectiveness of Melaleuca bracteata Oil Formula on Trapping of Fruit Fly Pests (Bactrocera spp.) Agus Kardinan; Elna Karmawati
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 27, No 1 (2021): June, 2021
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v27n1.2021.44-50

Abstract

 Fruit flies (Bactrocera spp) can cause yield losses of 30-40% of the horticultural product and even crop failure. One way to control is to use an attractant with the active ingredient methyl eugenol. The objective of the research was to identify the catching ability and the durability of the formula on trapping fruit flies. It was conducted from October 2020 to March 2021 in orchards in the Bogor area, designed in a randomized block with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of oils: (1) nutmeg, (2) cloves, (3) citronella, (4) palm, (5) melaleuca + nutmeg, (6) melaleuca + cloves, (7) melaleuca + citronella, (8 ) melaleuca + palm (1:1 ratio). As much as 1 ml of oil is dropped on a cotton swab in a trap bottle and hung on a fruit tree. Observations were made every 5 days by counting the number, type of flies, and sex of the flies trapped. It showed that nutmeg and clove oil were able to trap 5 and 7 fruit flies in the first 5 days, but subsequently no flies were trapped, while citronella and palm oil were unable to trap fruit flies. A mixture of melaleuca oil containing 84.86% methyl eugenol with nutmeg, citronella, and palm oil was able to trap fruit flies for about 3 months with a total catch of 2.479; 2.434; and 2.487, respectively, while the mixture of melaleuca+cloves was able to trap fruit flies for 4 months and was able to trap 2 female flies.Keywords:   Attractant, Bactrocera spp., Melaleuca bracteata, methyl eugenol AbstrakEfektivitas Formula Minyak Melaleuca bracteata Terhadap Daya Tangkap Hama Lalat Buah (Bactrocera spp.)Lalat buah (Bactrocera spp) dapat menimbulkan kehilangan hasil sebesar 30–40% pada produk hortikultura, bahkan gagal panen. Salah satu cara pengendaliannya adalah dengan menggunakan atraktan (pemikat) berbahan aktif metil eugenol (C11H14O2). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya tangkap dan daya tahan formula dalam memerangkap hama lalat buah. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2020 sampai Maret 2021 di kebun buah-buahan (rambutan, jambu biji, dan jambu air) di Bogor, dengan rancangan acak kelompok 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan.  Perlakuan terdiri dari minyak : (1) pala, (2) cengkeh, (3) serai wangi, (4) sawit, (5) melaleuca + pala, (6) melaleuca + cengkeh, (7) melaleuca + serai wangi, (8) melaleuca + sawit (dengan perbandingan 1 :1).  Sebanyak 1 ml minyak diteteskan pada kapas di dalam botol perangkap dan digantungkan pada pohon. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap 5 hari terhadap jumlah, jenis dan jenis kelamin lalat yang terperangkap. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa minyak pala dan cengkeh mampu memerangkap lalat buah sebanyak 5 dan 7 ekor berturut-turut pada 5 hari pertama, namun selanjutnya tidak ada lalat yang terperangkap, sedangkan minyak serai wangi dan sawit tidak mampu memerangkap lalat buah. Campuran minyak melaleuca yang mengandung metil eugenol 84,86% dengan minyak pala, serai wangi dan sawit mampu memerangkap lalat buah selama sekitar 3 bulan dengan total tangkapan sebesar 2,479; 2,434; dan 2,487 ekor per perangkap berturut-turut, sedangkan campuran Melaleuca dengan cengkeh mampu memerangkap lalat buah selama 4 bulan dan mampu memerangkap 2 ekor lalat betina, walaupun dengan jumlah tangkapan yang lebih rendah (2,078 ekor) daripada perlakuan lain.Kata kunci : Atraktan, Bactrocera spp., Melaleuca bracteata, metil eugenol

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