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Academia Open
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27147444     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen
Core Subject : Economy, Humanities, Health, Science, Education, Agriculture, Art, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Chemistry Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Social Sciences Other
Academia Open is published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo published 2 (two) issues per year (June and December). This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal aims is to provide a place for academics and practitioners to publish original research and review articles. The articles basically contains any topics research or review. Academia Open is available in online version. Language used in this journal is Indonesia or English. Academia Open is an open access journal publishing scientifically accurate and valuable research across life, physical, social, and medical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 161 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December" : 161 Documents clear
Enhanced Protease Production from Diabetic Ulcer-Derived E. coli Muhsin, Mustafa Talib
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9142

Abstract

This study explored a local Escherichia coli isolate from diabetic foot ulcer patients for protease enzyme production. Qualitative screening on skim milk agar showed a 6 mm hydrolysis halo, while quantitative screening with casein revealed a specific activity of 144.55 U/mg protein. Purification via ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose increased the specific activity to 767.5 U/mg, with a 5.3-fold enhancement and a 29.5% yield. The findings suggest E. coli as a viable source for protease production and demonstrate the efficiency of ion-exchange chromatography for enzyme purification, with potential significant industrial applications. Highlight: E. coli sourced from diabetic ulcers shows promise for protease production. Skim milk agar and casein used for qualitative and quantitative screening. Ion exchange chromatography significantly enhances enzyme specific activity. Keywoard: Escherichia coli, protease production, diabetic foot ulcer, enzyme purification, ion exchange chromatography
The Student’s Psychological Stress During Covid-19 Hasan, Qabila Ibrahim
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9145

Abstract

This study investigates psychological stress among middle school students in Baquba district during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on potential gender-based differences. Despite established evidence of heightened stress levels during pandemics, few studies have explored these impacts on school-aged children and potential variances between genders. Utilizing a balanced sample of 100 students (50 male and 50 female) from four schools, this research employed a psychological stress scale with confirmed psychometric properties, including a stability coefficient of 0.80. Statistical analysis revealed significant stress levels among the students, yet no gender differences were identified at the 0.05 significance level. These findings suggest that interventions aimed at reducing student stress during pandemics need not differentiate between male and female students but should instead focus on strategies that address the broader student population. Highlights: Significant psychological stress exists among middle school students during COVID-19. No statistical difference in stress levels between male and female students. Stress reduction interventions should target all students, regardless of gender. Keywords: Psychological Stress, COVID-19, Gender Differences, Middle School, Stress Interventions
S. aureus Colonization in Atopic Dermatitis Raises Global Concern Muhammad, Jaafar Ali; Alzubaidi, Assoc.Prof. Dr. Adawia Fadhil Abbas; Idris, Khaled Al-Hussein Muhammad; Kehail, Mutaman A. A.
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9150

Abstract

Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is often worsened by Staphylococcus aureus colonization, which compromises the skin barrier and increases inflammation. This study aimed to identify risk factors for S. aureus infection in AD patients. Swabs from 100 AD patients at Baqubah Teaching Hospital, Iraq, were analyzed from October to February 2023. S. aureus was identified in 40% of patients using the Vitek 2 device. Results showed a significant correlation between S. aureus colonization and AD, particularly in younger patients, with the highest infection rates in males over 40. These findings highlight the need for targeted treatments to manage S. aureus in AD, potentially improving patient outcomes. Highlights: High Infection Rates: S. aureus found in 40% of AD patients. Age Correlation: Higher colonization in younger AD patients. Targeted Treatment: Emphasize targeted therapies for managing S. aureus in AD. Keywords: Atopic Dermatitis, Staphylococcus aureus, skin barrier, microbial dysbiosis, infection risk
Nano-Chitosan and Aschorbic Acid Synergistically Combat Resistant Staph in Atopic Dermatitis Muhammad, Jaafar Ali; Alzubaidi, Assoc.Prof. Dr. Adawia Fadhil Abbas; Idris, Khaled Al-Hussein Muhammad; Kehail, Mutaman A. A.
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9151

Abstract

Chitosan, derived from natural sources like fish scales and fungal cell walls, forms nanoparticles (NPs) with notable antimicrobial properties. This study examines the antibacterial effects of ascorbic acid combined with nano-chitosan on Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 100 atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. Using the Vitek 2 Compact device for bacterial identification and antibiotic sensitivity testing, we found that nano-chitosan/ascorbic acid composites significantly inhibited the growth of multidrug-resistant S. aureus. The antimicrobial activity increased with higher concentrations, highlighting the potential of this natural polymer blend as an effective treatment for AD-related bacterial infections. Highlights: Effective Inhibition: Nano-chitosan/ascorbic acid inhibits multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. AD Focus: Targets S. aureus in atopic dermatitis patients. Green Alternative: Uses natural, non-toxic antibacterial agents. Keywords: Chitosan nanoparticles, Ascorbic acid, Staphylococcus aureus, Atopic dermatitis, Antibacterial treatment
Association between Relative Risk Factor (RR) and ABO Blood Groups with Clinical Parameters in Patients with SARS-Cov-2 Yousif, Abdullah Fakhir; Mahdi, Abeer Ghassan
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9156

Abstract

This study investigates the correlation between ABO blood groups and SARS-CoV-2 infection among 1,303 participants from Babylon, comprising 397 infected individuals and 906 healthy controls. It explores three primary axes: genetic inheritance of ABO blood groups in 200 families, distribution of these blood groups in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the relationship of these blood groups with various physiological indicators in infected, recovered, and healthy subjects. The findings reveal that the AB blood group is disproportionately associated with a higher infection rate (RR = 1.808), whereas the O group shows a lesser susceptibility (RR = 0.901). Additionally, physiological changes such as decreased lymphocytes, MCH, and MCHC, alongside increased WBC, CRP, Ferritin, D-dimer, and LDH levels were noted in infected individuals. This study underscores the potential of ABO blood groups as a factor in COVID-19 infection risk, suggesting a direction for future research into tailored medical responses based on genetic predispositions. Highlights: Blood Group Impact: AB group had higher COVID-19 infection rates; O group had lower. Physiological Indicators: Infected individuals showed significant changes in key blood parameters. Medical Strategy: Findings suggest potential for personalized medical approaches based on ABO blood groups. Keywords: SARS-Cov-2, ABO Blood Groups, Relative Risk Factor
Internet Addiction Among Middle Eastern Students Significantly Impacts Mental Health Mohammed, Duha Abdul Rahman; khalaf , Hussein Alwan; Ahmed, Amal Roshdi; Ghadeer, Adnan Majeed
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9157

Abstract

Excessive internet use leads to problematic Internet usage (PIU), causing psychological, academic, and occupational issues. This study reviews 22 recent studies from PubMed, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate to assess internet addiction (IA) among Middle Eastern students and its link to anxiety and depression. The findings indicate a high prevalence of IA, significantly correlated with mental health disorders and negatively impacting academic performance. Enhanced assessment tools, a better understanding of IA's causes, and innovative interventions are needed to address this issue and mitigate its negative effects on students' mental health and academic outcomes. Highlight: High Prevalence: Internet addiction is common among Middle Eastern students. Mental Health Impact: Significant correlation between internet addiction, anxiety, and depression. Academic Decline: Internet addiction negatively affects students' academic performance. Keywoard: Internet addiction; mental health; academic performance; Middle Eastern students; anxiety
Heat Stress in Iraq Slashes Dairy Cow Health and Milk Production Shwish , Azhar Lateef
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9158

Abstract

This study examined the impact of heat stress on dairy cows in Iraq, categorizing them into Comfortable Zone (CZ), Mild Stress (MS), and High Stress (HS) based on the Thermal Humidity Index (THI). Over 90 days, cows were monitored for physiological, hematological, biochemical, and milk production parameters. Results showed that as heat stress increased, cows exhibited higher respiration, heart, and pulse rates, and rectal and skin temperatures. Hemoglobin and packed cell volume decreased, while red blood cell count and other related measures increased. Biochemical analyses revealed higher levels of cortisol, blood urea nitrogen, total protein, and liver enzymes, with reduced albumin. Milk yield and quality significantly declined under HS conditions. These findings highlight the need for effective heat stress mitigation to protect cow health and dairy productivity in hot climates. Highlights: Heat Stress Impact: Increased respiration, heart, pulse rates, and rectal and skin temperatures. Blood Changes: Lower hemoglobin, higher cortisol, blood urea nitrogen, liver enzymes. Milk Production: Reduced yield, fat content, and protein content under high stress. Keywords: heat stress, dairy cows, physiology, milk production, Iraq
Parenting Styles and Social Phobia in Iraqi Teens asmail , Anwar; Sajit , Kareem
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9168

Abstract

This study evaluated the socio-demographic characteristics and social phobia levels of 385 secondary school students in the Thi-Qar Governorate of Iraq. Using a descriptive, cross-sectional design, data were collected via questionnaires and analyzed with IBM SPSS 20.0. Results indicated that students, predominantly from nuclear families and moderate-income homes, exhibited mild to moderate social phobia (M±SD = 32.47±7.852). Permissive parenting styles were linked to higher social phobia, with notable differences between mothers' and fathers' influences. The study underscores the need for school-based psychological support programs and calls for further research with larger, more diverse samples. Highlight: Students exhibited mild to moderate social phobia (M±SD = 32.47±7.852). Permissive parenting styles linked to higher social phobia. Recommends school-based psychological support programs. Keyword: socio-demographic, social phobia, secondary students, parenting styles, Iraq
Watery diarrhea between Vibrio cholera and Aeromonas hydrophila during Iraqi cholera outbreaks Najeeb, Aghadeer Sarmad; Ibrahim, Musaab Ahmed; Abduljabbar, Hala Luay
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9188

Abstract

Cholera remains a significant health challenge globally, especially in regions with poor infrastructure and healthcare. This study aimed to detect Aeromonas hydrophila in clinical samples from diarrhea patients during the 2022-2023 outbreaks in Iraq. Archived samples from Baquba General Teaching Hospital were analyzed using culture media, biochemical tests, and the VITEK 2 system. Both Vibrio cholerae and A. hydrophila isolates produced virulence factors such as hemolysin, protease, lipase, phospholipase, and biofilm. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed A. hydrophila was susceptible to cefepime, ceftazidime, amikacin, imipenem, meropenem, and piperacillin-tazobactam but resistant to aztreonam, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. V. cholerae was susceptible to amikacin, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, doxycycline, and chloramphenicol but resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ampicillin. The findings highlight the need for better recognition of Aeromonas as a gastrointestinal pathogen and emphasize the importance of improved diagnostics and public health initiatives to reduce diarrheal diseases. Highlight: Detection Methods: Culture media, biochemical tests, VITEK 2 system used. Virulence Factors: Hemolysin, protease, lipase, phospholipase, biofilm production identified. Antibiotic Resistance: Specific resistance observed in A. hydrophila and V. cholerae. Keyword: Cholera, Aeromonas hydrophila, Antibiotic Susceptibility, Diarrhea, Iraq Outbreak
Low Pre-Conception Health Among Iraqi College Women Linked to Age and Socioeconomic Status Arief, Nawres jameel; Naji, Prof dr Arkan bahlol
Academia Open Vol 9 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/acopen.9.2024.9204

Abstract

This study explores pre-conception health behaviors among female college students at the University of Baghdad, highlighting a critical gap in non-Western contexts. Conducted from October 2023 to March 2024 with 144 participants, the cross-sectional study assessed pre-pregnancy health behaviors using a validated 5-point Likert scale. Results showed that 74.4% of students exhibited low pre-conception health behaviors, with significant predictors being age (p = 0.008), academic grade (p = 0.041), and socioeconomic status (p = 0.035). The average participant age was 20.63 years, with most in their first academic year and living with parents. The findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions and educational programs to improve pre-pregnancy health awareness and behaviors in this demographic. Highlights: High Prevalence: 74.4% exhibited low pre-conception health behaviors. Influential Factors: Age, grade, and socioeconomic status significantly impacted behaviors. Intervention Needed: Educational programs essential for improving pre-conception health awareness. Keywords: pre-conception health, female college students, predictive factors, socioeconomic status, health behaviors

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