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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience
Published by Geological Agency Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources
ISSN : 23559314     EISSN : 23559306     DOI : https://doi.org/10.17014/ijog.3.2.77-94
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
The spirit to improve the journal to be more credible is increasing, and in 2012 it invited earth scientists in East and Southeast Asia as well as some western countries to join the journal for the editor positions in the Indonesia Journal of Geology. This is also to realize our present goal to internationalize the journal, The Indonesian Journal on Geoscience, which is open for papers of geology, geophysics, geochemistry, geodetics, geography, and soil science. This new born journal is expected to be published three times a year. As an international publication, of course it must all be written in an international language, in this case English. This adds difficulties to the effort to obtain good papers in English to publish although the credit points that an author will get are much higher. This Journal publishes 3 numbers per year at least 15 articles. It is a challenge for the management of the journal to remain survive and at the same time continuously maintain its quality and credibility in spite of those various constraints. Fortunately, this effort is strongly supported by the Geological Agency of Indonesia, as the publisher and which financially bear the journal. Last but not least the journal is also managed by senior geologist of various subdisciplines from various countries who are responsible for its quality.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Bumi dan Planet (semua kategori) - Geologi
Articles 323 Documents
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Scale Prevention Technique to Minimized Scaling on Re-Injection Pipes in Dieng Geothermal Field, Central Java Province, Indonesia Agustinus, Eko Tri Sumarnadi; Syafri, Ildrem; Rosana, Mega Fatimah; Zulkarnain, Iskandar
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.2.129-136

Abstract

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.2.129-136Dieng geothermal field including its volcanic geothermal system is dominated by hot water. Brine water is characterized by high salinity, content of chloride (Cl-), amorphous silica (SiO2), Na+, and K+. The condition of brine water has potential for the formation of amorphous silica scale in the re-injection pipeline which is one of the obstacle in the electrical energy production. The scale prevention on re-injection pipes was performed with non-acid re-injection system. Nevertheless, the scale formed in the re-injection pipe is still relatively thick due to the non-optimal sludge. This research is focused in optimizing the deposition of sludge. The research aim is to apply scale prevention technique on re-injection pipeline by involving engineering technology. The study was conducted through laboratory experiments with factorial design method 23 (two levels of three factors). Those three factors are pH, concentrations of coagulants and flocculants concentrations which act as the independent variables. The indicator is the volume of sludge deposition and turbidity of brine water which act as the dependent variables. The result showed that the most significant factor is pH, whereas the concentrations of coagulant and flocculant are preserved to accelerate and stabilize the sludge deposition. The optimal condition is achieved at the level of pH 8, the concentration of 10 ppm coagulant (PAC), and 1 ppm flocculants (Polyamide). These parameters are then used for the preparation of scaling process technology on the prevention of re-injection pipeline by adding some equipments on settling ponds. Therefore, in addition to reduce environmental degradation, it also produces sludge that has potential to be used as raw materials for other industries.
Major Bifurcations, Slip Rates, and A Creeping Segment of Sumatran Fault Zone in Tarutung-Sarulla-Sipirok-Padangsidempuan, Central Sumatra, Indonesia Natawidjaja, Danny Hilman
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.2.137-160

Abstract

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.2.137-160A detailed active fault study in Tarutung-Sarulla-Sipirok-Padangsidempuan was conducted based on their tectonic-morphological features using SRTM-30, 3D-visualization, and LIDAR data, combined with field and shallow geophysical surveys using the GPR method. Sumatran Fault Zone is bifurcated from the single major Sianok fault segment into two major branches: Angkola and Barumun-Toru Faults that run (sub) parallel to each other. In the studied area, they are merged gradually to become the Renun Fault. The total slip rates from Sianok to Renun segments are constant at about ~ 14 mm/year (13.8 ± 0.3 mm/yr on Renun and 13.7 ± 1.6 mm/yr on Sianok segments). In the bifurcation zone, it is partitioned into 9.3 ± 1.8 mm/yr slip on Toru, and about 4 - 5 mm/yr on Angkola segments. Based on field evidence supported by the seismicity and historical record, the Toru Fault appears to move continuously (creeping). This is crucial for understanding tectonics and its significance to hazard mitigations. Further investigations on Angkola and Toru Faults are crucial for mega installations of Sarulla Geothermal Power Plant, which is located in between Angkola and Toru Fault zones.
The Use of Electrical Resistivity Tomography to Investigate Basaltic Lava Tunnel Based on the Case Study of Al-Badia Cave in Jordan Al-Amoush, Hani; Abu Rajab, Jafar
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.2.161-177

Abstract

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.2.161-177Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) was employed to conduct a geoelectrical survey near the Al-Badia lava tunnel located close to the Al-Bishyrria Village in Jordan. The technique enabled the mapping of the subsurface tunnel extension and description of its inner structure. To assess the quality of data and resistivity models, Schlumberger and Reciprocal Schlumberger electrode configurations were used to produce eight ERT profiles. As revealed by the examination of received potential, the implemented configurations exhibited a strong signal, producing an approximated reciprocal error of up to 6%. The findings of ERT models showed that the lava tunnel had a clearly outlined structure with an elliptical to rectangular shape. The modelled resistivity of the lava tunnel was obtained in proximity to 1000 Ω-m, with a better characterization being possible at resistivity exceeding 8000 Ω-m in 200 Ω-m of Fahda Vesicular Basalt medium. An exploration depth of 50 m revealed that the lava tunnel was 10 m deep and 5 m in diameter on the average. Furthermore, potential means of groundwater recharging were reported by the simultaneous detection of a number of resistivity anomalies of less than 50 Ω-m and lava tunnel. In addition, the lava tunnel was observed to extend and ramify beyond the area under investigation, indicating at the potential existence of multiple lava tunnel extensions in both the investigation area and in the basaltic flows, which could have adverse implications for future urban projects.
Geochemical Characteristics of Limestone of Wonosari-Punung Formation, Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Atmoko, Didik Dwi; Titisari, Anastasia Dewi; Idrus, Arifudin
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.2.179-197

Abstract

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.2.179-197A geochemical study was carried out to determine the geochemical characteristics of limestone in Wonosari-Punung Formation, and to suggest its depositional conditions and the source of rare earth elements. The study was conducted at Ponjong Area, Gunungkidul Regency, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia. White limestone which contains more abundant calcite is characterized by the highest CaO concentration. Red limestone which is associated with impure minerals such as siderite, rodochrosite, hematite, and titanite is typified by depleted CaO but higher SiO2, Fe2O3, MnO, and TiO2 concentrations. Grey limestone characterized by depleted CaO and higher MnO contents is considered to be influenced by the presence of impure minerals of manganite (Mn2O3.H2O) and/or pyrolusite (MnO2). Depletion of Sr concentration in the coloured limestone indicates that the diagenetic process increases from the white limestone to the coloured limestone. The process possibly occurred post-deposition of the limestones. The limestones show positive Mn* values (2.46 - 2.95) and authigenic U values (0.89 - 3.38) that suggest an oxidative environment. The Ce/Ce* values (0.57 - 0.80), Eu/Eu* values (1.04 - 1.88), high Y/Ho ratio, and low LaN/YbN ratio are indications that the rare earth elements in the limestones were derived from terrigenous materials. The positive Eu anomaly and enrichment of Cr and Mn of the limestones are indications of hydrothermal fluid activity taking place in the studied area. Based on the geochemical characteristics of the Punung-Wonosari limestones, the depositional environment and the source of rare earth elements of the limestones were therefore influenced by a combination of hydrothermal fluid activity with small amount of terrigenous material input and post depositional diagenetic process.
The Selection of Groundwater Recharge Sites in the Arid Region of Northern Badia, Jordan, using GIS-Based Multicriteria Decision Analysis Al-Shabeeb, Abdel Rahman
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 5, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.3.199-209

Abstract

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.3.199-209This study aims to locate new groundwater recharge sites in the arid region of northern Badia, Jordan, based on specific criteria including lithology, drainage and lineament density, soil texture, slope, and rainfall. With groundwater serving as the key source of Jordanian drinking water, the use of surface water for groundwater recharge is essential in maximizing the groundwater available. Groundwater recharge sites were selected using the weighted linear combination (WLC) method with the aforementioned criteria. According to the findings, 5.064% of the region is very highly suited to groundwater recharge, 33.599% of the region is highly suited, and 3.789% of the region is moderately suited. However, 26.634% of the region is poorly suited to groundwater recharge, with a further 30.943% being very poorly suited. The significance of each criterion for groundwater recharge was identified using removal analysis, with the most significant factor being efficient groundwater management. Given this finding, big data are required in order to determine the optimal locations for groundwater recharge as part of future groundwater planning and management.
Biomarker Composition of Some Oil Seeps from West Sulawesi, Indonesia Sutadiwiria, Yarra; Hamdani, Ahmad Helman; Sendjaja, Yoga Andriana; Haryanto, Iyan; Yeftamikha, Yeftamikha
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 5, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.3.211-220

Abstract

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.3.211-220A suite of oil seep samples collected from the Lariang and Karama Basins, West Sulawesi, Indonesia, have been analyzed using GC and GCMS techniques. Their biomarker compositions have been used to reveal the likely source rock that produces oil. These oil seep samples contain a range in both the concentration of hydrocarbons present and certain level of biodegradation experienced. All sterane m/z 217 data display a familiar pattern of steranes with carbon numbers from 27 to 29 together with pregnane and homo-pregnanes, including rearranged steranes. Triterpane (m/z 191) data show a moderate content of tricyclic terpanes (Tri/C30H), medium to high ratio of norhopane/hopane (C29/C30), and medium to high abundant land plan marker such as resin bicadinanes(Bic/C30H) and oleananes (Ol/C30H). The presence of high abundant oleananes in these samples has been interpreted as the evidence for a marine influence during early diagenesis that may occur by marine or via re-deposition of peat organics in marine sediments. Hence, these results state that the organic matter facies for their source rock oil seep samples from the West Sulawesi region are detected as mixed between allochthonous macerals from typical terrestrial higher plants transported into the basin from distal swamps and soils and some marine organic matter.
The Magnetostratigraphy and the Age of So’a Basin Fossil-Bearing Sequence, Flores, Indonesia Yurnaldi, Dida; Setiawan, Ruly; Patriani, Emma Yan
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 5, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.3.221-234

Abstract

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.3.221-234Three fossil-bearing intervals have been recognized in the Pleistocene So’a Basin, with the upper one holding important evidence of hominin fossils. The sequence also contains numerous in situ stone artifacts and fossils of other vertebrate taxa. Therefore, multiple dating techniques are crucial to secure the age of the fossil and artifact-bearing layers, especially the one with the hominin remains. This paper deals with the palaeomagnetic dating of the So’a Basin sequence to assist other dating methods that have been applied, and to refine the chronostratigraphy of the area. Palaeomagnetic sampling was conducted in four sections along a west to east transect. Four magnetozones can be recognized, consisting of two reverse and two normal polarity zones. By using the available radiometric ages as a guide and comparing the So’a Basin magnetostratigraphy with the Standard Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale (GPTS), it became clear that both reverse magnetozones are part of the Matuyama Chron, while the normal magnetozones are the Jaramillo subchron and the Brunhes Chron. These palaeomagnetic dating results support the available radiometric dates and refine the age of the fossil-bearing deposits of the So’a Basin.
Tectonic Control on the Formation of Cleats in the Coal Beds of the Sajau Formation, Berau Basin, Northeast Kalimantan Sudradjat, Adjat; Hamdani, Ahmad Helman
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 5, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.3.235-250

Abstract

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.3.235-250Coal seams of lignite- to subbituminous rank of Pliocene-age from the Sajau Formation of the Berau Basin are characterized by the presence of a natural fracture system, including cleats. Often, these opening-mode fractures consist of two orthogonal sets (face and butt cleats), both almost perpendicular to the bedding. This paper describes the distribution of orientation, spacing, and aperture of cleats formed in the seams of the Sajau Formation. All observations and measurements were conducted at macroscopic, mesoscopic, and microscopic scales. The butt cleat mean orientations are NE-SW and NW-SE, whereas the face cleat mean orientations are NNE-SSW and NE-SE, and the cleat dip is at a high angle of 75° to the north. The angles between the orientations of these cleat sets are nearly 90°; that is, they are orthogonal. The spacing of the macroface cleats is between 9.52 and 14.46 cm (averaging 11.61 cm), while the spacing of the butt cleats is between 2.3 and 11.3 cm (averaging 5.35 cm). The mean aperture is 0.54 mm. In contrast, the mean spacing of the mesoface cleats is 3.09 mm, and the aperture measurements of these cleats range from 0.0478 to 0.0741 mm (averaging 0.0549 mm). The results obtained from outcrops and X-ray CT (computed tomography) scan clearly indicate that the NNE-SSW face cleat orientations are strictly parallel to the elongation of the main tectonic structures in the studied area. Their origin may be explained by their relationship with local tectonic stress (the maximum principal stress, σ1, was horizontal). Partial least square analysis of data collected from cleats and faults in the area indicates that a power law distribution exists between the cleat characteristics (spacing, density, and aperture), and the distance of the faults (R2 = 0.56). Cleat formation in the Sajau Formation was mainly controlled by the mechanical response to tectonic stresses, which generated a unique cleat network in the coal. Based on the SEM photography, it is concluded that the development of microcleats in the Sajau Formation resulted from both endogenic processes and tectonic activities as indicated by the change in the shape of the cleats, from straight line to curved shape and branching (intersection of multiple cleats that form a conical network at the end).
Determination of Hydrocarbon Zones Using Logging Data Analysis in A Sandstone Reservoir (Case Study: Structure ‘TL’ Basin North West Java) Herianto, Herianto
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 5, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.3.251-263

Abstract

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.3.251-263Northwest Java Basin is one of the Indonesian basins that has the potential of hydrocarbon reservoir. A petrophysical analysis plays a role in determining the physical properties of reservoir rocks such as shale volume, porosity, and water saturation zones which is to analyze the hydrocarbon zone possibilities (net pay). A qualitative analysis and correlation of rock lithology study were carried out at seven wells, while a quantitative study was performed by calculating the volume of the shale with a linear method, density-neutron porosity, and water saturation using simandoux equation, then zoning the prospect zones was finally done. Based on the calculation and data analysis, Vsh cutoff value obtained is 23%, the porosity is 10.6%, and water saturation is 71%. Then, the zones of hydrocarbon prospects were recovered, that are the PI-08 wells (9.632 ft - 9.662 ft), PI-10 (9.420 ft - 9.468 ft, 9.475 ft - 9.516 ft, 10.155 ft - 10.175 ft), well PI-11 (9.268 ft - 9.288 ft), well PI-11ST (9.268 ft - 9.927 ft), well PI-12 (9.396 ft - 9.461 ft, 10.047 ft - 10.059 ft), and PI-13 wells (9.356 ft - 9.416 ft, 9.980 ft - 10.000 ft).
Groundwater Occurrence Prediction using Regressions on Morphometric Variables in Upstream Progo Watershed, Yogyakarta Listyani, T.; Budiadi, Budiadi
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 5, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.3.265-276

Abstract

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.5.3.265-276Geomorphological mapping has been done at the upstream part of Progo Drainage Area by measuring some geomorphological indexes and level of shallow groundwater level at 196 stations, to investigate connections between geomorphological characteristics and groundwater system in the area. These indexes are valley floor - height ratio (Vf), valley cross section (Vratio o rVr), stream gradient index (SL), and drainage density (Dd). Based on the linear regression analysis, the four indexes show none to very weak correlation to water table at most locations. It means that all width, height, and width of the river valley do not control shallow groundwater level. However, some locations indicate a strong control of elevation to shallow groundwater level. The first case indicates that there is another controlling factor to the shallow groundwater system. Most likely, a deeper aquifer exists at those locations, which does not show up in the second case. All results give a preliminary indication that morphometry can be used to predict groundwater system in the area.

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