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Palmyra Fiber as Additional Materials on Solid Concrete Brick of Aggregate
Published by Universitas Nusa Cendana
ISSN : 20399340     EISSN : 20392117     DOI : 10.36941/mjss
Core Subject : Economy, Science, Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Materials Science & Nanotechnology
The use of waste as an additional material on the building work was increasingly actively developed, such as straw, styrofoam, bagasse, cow manure. The key drivers of the use of waste is the potential for waste is increasing, due to the depletion of non-renewable resources. Papyrus rod diameter 60 cm, length 30 meters, has a volume of 5,652m3 as well as the edges of the Rods that can be used for construction with a thickness of 3 cm has a volume 0,942m3, Pith and fiber volume content of the stem 4,71m3/rod, then in one rod, there are 2 to 3 bunches each fruit bunches yield as much as 20 to 30 items for one harvest, by weight of fruit fiber 101.2 gram / fruit, Fiber characteristics are round and smooth is expected to reduce cracks in solid concrete brick and also can reduce the use of sand. This study aims to determine the compressive strength of the composition of the additional material of Rods fiber content and Fiber of palmyra fruit with a percentage 3%, 6% and 9%, mixing ratio; 1 cement and 5 sand in the manufacture of solid concrete brick. Rods fiber content used the average Ø1,031mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 39,305N / cm and fruit fiber to an average value Ø0,40mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 33,691N / cm. Making test specimen with a length of 20cm, width 10cm and thick 8cm. The test results of compressive strength after 14 days with the lowest value at 3% of additional material combination of fiber content of 6% fiber stem and fruit by 70,384Kg/cm²with a water content of 15,254% In weight position 2,935Kg as well as the highest value on the combination of additional material 0% rods fiber content and 3% fruit fiber by 98,821Kg/cm² with a water content of 15,031% In weight position 3,058Kg. While N (without additional material) with a compressive strength below the average id 63,704Kg/cm2 with water content of 10,167 in weight position 3,072Kg. Research result of solid concrete brick with additional material of rods fiber content and palmyra fruit fiber was included on the type B70, the average value of the compressive strength of 78.57 Kg / cm² (SNI-03-1348-1989) with a water content of <25%.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Bangunan dan Konstruksi
Articles 59 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011" : 59 Documents clear
Political Reform in Saudi Arabia: Necessity or Luxury? Albassam, Bassam A.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

Since its founding in 1932, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has never had a written constitution or any form of publicparticipation in the policy process and governmental decision-making process. Since 1992, the rulers have been under increasing pressureto formulate a written constitution and to increase public participation in the policy process. As a response, Saudi rulers have enactedmany laws, which they claimed were a new constitution for the country. This paper argues that the reforms introduced in Saudi Arabiaare empty reforms that put the country’s political stability in jeopardy. In contrast, increasing public participation in the policy process willensure political stability and legitimize rulers’ authority. Thus, without political reform that guarantees citizen participation in the policyand governmental decision-making processes, the country’s political future will continue to be controlled by a small group of people (theroyal family) who often disagree amongst themselves about what is best for the country.
The Role of Italy in the Opening and Subsidy of Italian Schools in Albania Before and After April, 1939 Sota, Jani; Puka, Edi
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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This article is dedicated to the role of Italy in the opening and support of Italian schools before and after April 1939. Inaddition, the great contribute of Italian teachers in the education field and their efforts in the opening of elementary and general orprofiled high schools for the Albanian students will be treated in this article. Despite the political and propaganda character of theseschools which were subsidized by Italy, they served to the Albanian national inspiration, which from the education, emancipation andnational awareness of the Albanian people gave them a chance to take up and implement the western culture. Sensitivity of the Albanianschool towards the new ideas of western schools would become the main stone of improvement in education and the Albanian school ingeneral. They were represented through activities and achievements of the school towards the new pedagogic ideas and the improvement ofwestern schools and the tendency to represent them in our conditions were supported by the senior executives of education and wereembodied into laws, with educational programs, texts and with serious pedagogical publishing of the time.
Reality, Fiction and History in George Orwell’s novel 1984 and Kasëm Trebeshina’s Odin Mondvalsen Turku, Marsela
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

In the recent years one of the major contributions to the distinction between fiction and real world has been provided by thetheory and semantics of possible worlds, whose bases is the idea that reality is a universe composed of a plurality of distinct worlds. Awriter of fiction usually “draws” his material from the reality, from the models and the entities provided by the actual world, realisticfiction, in particular, depends on “mimetic communication to create possible worlds. This paper deals with two novels that treat the sametopic (“the transformation of the society and of the human being under the communist dictatorship”) but with an enormous difference,Orwell based his book almost entirely on his fictitious reality and imagination whereas Trebeshina has experienced the regime and itsreality. Many scholars and critics have tried to find similarities between Orwell’s and Trebeshina’s vision of reality and even in their lifeexperiences. This paper deals with the construction of fiction, reality, the role of history and the similarities and differences presented onTrebeshina’s Odin Mondvalsen and Orwell’s 1984.
Globalization and its Implications for Education in Nigeria O, David; O, Grace; E, Etelbert
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

Globalization as the rapid increase in cross-border economic, social and technological exchange is not limited to industry andbusiness. Education systems being part of the information business can be seen as the core of globalization. This paper provides ananalysis of the relevant literature on the implications of globalization for education in Nigeria. The nature and objectives of globaleducation and the move towards standardized curricula were highlighted. Perceived barriers to globalization of education and the Nigeriansituation were also analyzed. This paper finally provides information and recommendations to those responsible for the planning of theeducational curricula for all levels of education in Nigeria
Globalization as a Breakthrough in the Education Field, the Role of the Human Identity in the Contemporary Society Puka, Edi
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

At times, the age of globalization is interpreted as a reproach in respesect to the past of human race, such a radical censurethat everything which was previously believed or done is made irrelevant, thus resulting in an irrelevance of the historical narratives as wellas other forms of memory transmition. Parallelly, it is also accepted as an ineradicale given background of human condition of our daysthe fact that a twist of practices and knowledge, more or less aimed at financial efficiency, has taken the upper hand in the articulated andcomplex cultural identity of our race, to such an extent that it imposes strong constraints to future development of the human knowledge.The image of oneself that every individual tries to affirm in respect to others is inspired on the largest autonomy and personal freedom;identity cultures that modern societies, based on the rights of independence and mutual respect, recognize and contribute to formulate amodern idea of adult age.
The Fall of the Aztec Empire and its Dramatic Consequences Testi, Dario
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

This article is an excerpt of a long and extensive work on Castilian and Portuguese geographical discoveries of the XV andXVI centuries. Among the jungles, deserts and snowy peaks of the, nowadays well known, central Mexico, takes place one of the mostinteresting, exciting and dramatic encounter in history. It is the 1519. On one side are the soldiers of Castile, armed with steel, on theother side of a huge cultural and mental barricade are the Aztecs, descendants of proud warriors who shed blood to conquer the Anahuacvalley and that, pouring out, more prepare to lose it. The article tries to summarize the main points of the military campaign known as"Conquest of Mexico" but also to investigate the actors, drawing upon the direct evidences of the protagonists of the event, the Aztec codesand the current interpretation of historians, anthropologists and archaeologists. The author's aim is to open up to the reader such adifferent world in the way of thinking, in the habits, in the warfare, torn by the irreconcilable dichotomy between sophistication andferocity, majestic temples and human sacrifices. Unfortunately this story has been misrepresented by historiographical clichés that hasidentified the good and the evil, the murderers and the martyrs. As an historian I have tried to maintain a proper intellectual and criticaldetachment and came to the inescapable conclusion that these are not bed men: these are men born and lived five centuries ago, withinsystems of thought and values opposed to those recognized today by the democratic nations.
Italian Politics and Albanian National Movement in the end of XIX-th and the Begining of the XX-th Tare, Denisa
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

The end of the XIX-th and the beginnings of the XX-th present an important period for the Albanian folk. During this periodincreased the efforts to be acquainted nationally. Due the sublimation of the Albanian national conscience, will be considered thelightening of the minds, which it will be possible only through the national education. An important part, in this process had theArberesh of Italy. This thesis is going to treat their contribute in favor if the national question. The Arberesh area had the same behaviorin the formation’s political attitude of the Italian government toward Albania and the Albanian’s question in total. A special merit tothe inauguration of active politics toward east Adriatic, e especially toward Albania and the Albanian it had, no doubt, the ItalianPrime Minister Francesco Crispi, originally Arberesh. His politic vision looked over the Italian government interests, to increase theinfluence of the peninsula of Balkan e especially in Albania, although inside this frame, he gave his contribute stimulating the efforts ofhis coexistent to the freedom and the social progress. The project of Italy inaugurated by Crispi aimed to have a main position in OtrantoChannel, possibility to allow it to penetrate in Ballkan to expand the influence area into Adriatic and Jon. This essay discusses over theproblematic over mentioned giving us a clearer panorama over Albania of the National Renaissance period, the challenges it affronted,which, without doubt, it was possible to be resolved with the valuable contribute of the Albanians of Diaspora.
The Fight for Balkan Latinity. The Aromanians until World War I. Motta, Giuseppe
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

The Aromanians of Vlahs are a people of the Balkans historically mentioned in many sources and documents thruoughoutthe centuries, since the age of Roman colonization. Their particular identity emerged during the XIX century, when the rise ofnationalism involved also the Vlahs, who demanded the protection of the Sultan against Greek propaganda and denationalizationpolicies. Also the newborn State of Romania was interested in their situation and started a diplomatic controversy with Greece to defendBalkan latinity. The question gained relevance during the age of the Balkan Wars (1912-1913) and the first World War, when thearrival of Italian troops in the region of Pindus was welcomed by the Aromanians who welcomed Italian army and appealed to thecommon Latin inheritance for the defense of their national specificity and traditions.
Italian Mediterranean Policy and Russia Between “Risorgimento” and the “Great War” Battaglia, Antonello
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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The Mediterranean has been an area of great importance for Italian and Russian foreign policies. The great Tsarist empire,although being landlocked, has always shown great interest for the Mediterranean Sea. In particular the Tsarist policy has been directedtoward the strategic Straits of Bosphorus and Dardanelles, whose eventual conquest would have allowed the introduction into theMediterranean routes. This policy was due to the lack of ports on "warm seas”. The only ports consisted of Archangel, Odessa, St.Petersburg and Riga, some of which are frozen for much of the year and at all ports rarely used. The Crimean War – in which took partalso the Kingdom of Sardinia - was the first post-Napoleonic international conflict that opposed Europe to the “Mediterraneanobjectives” of Russia. After the defeat, the Tsarist foreign policy aspirations temporarily abandoned the Mediterranean Sea, while thenascent Italy (1861) began to organize a first plan of maritime hegemony. The policies of the two powers collided in 1912 when Italy, inwar with the Ottoman Empire, in two occasions forced the Dardanelles. The Russian foreign minister, Sergei Dmitrievich Sazonovprotested strongly because Russia would not admit a new power in the Straits’s management. The moment of crisis, however, did not erasethe good relationships between the two peoples that had been consolidated into a tragic circumstance: the “Strait earthquake” of 1908 inwhich the city of Messina was promptly rescued by Russian sailors in practice - permitted by the government of Rome - in Italian waters.The synergy between Italy and Russia turned into an alliance in April 26, 1915 when Italy signed in London an alliance with theTriple Entente composed by Great Britain, France and Russia to fight in a war that was starting to destroy the European continent.
The National Question in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. The Croatian Case Becherelli, Alberto
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Richtmann Publishing

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Abstract

The dissolution of the multinational State of Yugoslavia after a half century of Socialistic regime and its violenttransformation into several independent States during the 90’s renewed the debate about the origins and the development of the “Yugoslavnational question”. The paper describes how the foundation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes after the WWI was anunsuccessful attempt to create a modern and unitary Nation-State for the Croats and the other Yugoslav nationalities.

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