Palmyra Fiber as Additional Materials on Solid Concrete Brick of Aggregate
The use of waste as an additional material on the building work was increasingly actively developed, such as straw, styrofoam, bagasse, cow manure. The key drivers of the use of waste is the potential for waste is increasing, due to the depletion of non-renewable resources. Papyrus rod diameter 60 cm, length 30 meters, has a volume of 5,652m3 as well as the edges of the Rods that can be used for construction with a thickness of 3 cm has a volume 0,942m3, Pith and fiber volume content of the stem 4,71m3/rod, then in one rod, there are 2 to 3 bunches each fruit bunches yield as much as 20 to 30 items for one harvest, by weight of fruit fiber 101.2 gram / fruit, Fiber characteristics are round and smooth is expected to reduce cracks in solid concrete brick and also can reduce the use of sand. This study aims to determine the compressive strength of the composition of the additional material of Rods fiber content and Fiber of palmyra fruit with a percentage 3%, 6% and 9%, mixing ratio; 1 cement and 5 sand in the manufacture of solid concrete brick. Rods fiber content used the average Ø1,031mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 39,305N / cm and fruit fiber to an average value Ø0,40mm with a tensile strength of single fiber 33,691N / cm. Making test specimen with a length of 20cm, width 10cm and thick 8cm. The test results of compressive strength after 14 days with the lowest value at 3% of additional material combination of fiber content of 6% fiber stem and fruit by 70,384Kg/cm²with a water content of 15,254% In weight position 2,935Kg as well as the highest value on the combination of additional material 0% rods fiber content and 3% fruit fiber by 98,821Kg/cm² with a water content of 15,031% In weight position 3,058Kg. While N (without additional material) with a compressive strength below the average id 63,704Kg/cm2 with water content of 10,167 in weight position 3,072Kg. Research result of solid concrete brick with additional material of rods fiber content and palmyra fruit fiber was included on the type B70, the average value of the compressive strength of 78.57 Kg / cm² (SNI-03-1348-1989) with a water content of <25%.
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<![CDATA[Needs Analysis Regarding Residents of Environmentally Affected Areas. Patos - Marinza Case ]]>
<![CDATA[Jance, Marilda]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2013): January 2013 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[Societies are faced with the problems which are of many and various, but now days there are increasing evidences on theclose links that exist between environmental problems and social injustice. Various studies tent to place their focus on solvingenvironmental problems through integrated and multi-dimensional social policies. Often the treatment of isolated environmentalpolicies may slow down the progress towards achieving social wellbeing or vice versa. Social and environmental issues canproportionally often be in conflict to each other, but with an integrated package of policies it would be a proper way for avoidingor resolving these conflicts. This study tents to see social injustice issues through environmental lens and vice versa byanalyzing environmental issues more clearly in terms of social justice. New effective ways for dealing with each should bedeveloped rather than each issue is tackled separately. This study is focused on the Marinze (Patos-Fier) area as such as thatin recent years is facing many environmental and social issues and tends to emphasize the needs of the residents referred tothese problems. The data collected through the survey (including open and closed questions), clearly demonstrate the effectson health and livelihoods of the inhabitants facing air pollution, mainly to residents living near sources of pollution. This paperemphasizes the importance that the inclusion of environmental policies in other social policies in order to ensure and enhancethe welfare of individuals and the importance that local institutions should play to ensure and protect the health of residentswho need supportive services.]]>
<![CDATA[Corruption Reduction in Nigerian: Appraisal of the Role of Music ]]>
<![CDATA[Ogunrinade, D. O. A.]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2013): January 2013 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[Corruption, also known as dishonesty has been the major hindrance to the development of a nation. The resultant effect of thisdeceit to any country is backwardness and underdevelopment. The root of corruption grows from the heart of a dissatisfiedperson. Such an individual does not find happiness from within and thus hankers for fulfillment in wealth, power and fame. Heis hungry spiritually, so he gets his temporary pleasures from the world. It is a deep problem that can only be purged bystrength more superior than political power. Music as one of the most common means by which man expresses his emotions,feelings and sentiments has the ability and the power to shape and reshape the character of human beings since it performsinnumerable functions from birth through adolescence to adulthood and at death in African setting. Similarly, it plays importantroles in daily activities of man and its relevance in curbing social vices in the society cannot be over emphasized sincecorruption is a behavioural pattern than ordinary occurrence. An effort is made in this article to examine the concept ofcorruption, its effect on the nation economy, Music attributes to humanity and its roles to control this social device calleddishonesty are the key motivator for this paper.]]>
<![CDATA[Politics of Economy: The Case of China's Involvement in Africa ]]>
<![CDATA[Masud, Matiul Hoque]]>;
<![CDATA[Ahmmed, Helal Uddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Mostafa, Muhammad Ridwan]]>;
<![CDATA[Choudhury, Anwar Hossain]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2013): January 2013 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[China's economy based engagement with Africa has some political dimensions. China's political intention is to fill up the powervacuum in Africa, raising a new great game with Western and European powers. To secure its investment aid and future trade,China has taken policy implication. Whereas China takes this relation as mutually beneficial win-win situation, other competing bigpowers take it as security threat. To implement its business first policy, China ahead militarily too. As a developing leader of thethird world states, China wants to bring African states together to share its booming economy. Economy centered political relationswith African states will start the door of common allegation against Chinese human rights violation and reforming in governance.This paper, without neglecting the historical background of Sino-Afro relations, will highlight the Chinese political ambition behindthe scene of its economic relations with Africa and it also focus on mutual political interest in this relations. The motives of greatpowers in upcoming new great non-zero-sum game in Africa will also be forecasted in this paper.]]>
<![CDATA[Spiritual Well-Being and Fulfilment, or Exploitation by a Few Smart Ones? The Proliferation of Christian Churches in West African Immigrant Communities in Canada ]]>
<![CDATA[Baffoe, Michael]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2013): January 2013 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[Africans are spiritual by nature and hold strong beliefs in and their reverence for a Supreme Being, Spirits and their ancestors.The need for this strong spiritual attachment is not left behind when Africans migrate to Western countries. Often, the first stepin their resettlement process is to join a religious grouping. One of such countries is Canada where there is a huge presence ofChristian churches in the West African immigrant communities. While some have their origins from the continent, others werefounded in Canada by some immigrants. Using Post-Colonial theory as basis for analysis, this paper, explores the phenomenalgrowth of these religious groupings within the West African communities in Canada, examines their backgrounds and modusoperandi. The motives for founding or participating in these church groupings were found to be spiritual needs, socio-culturaland economic considerations. Among the followers, these include the use of the churches as conduits for maintaining religiousand cultural identity, and ensuring security in foreign lands. For the leaders of these churches, the motives are about not onlyresponding to spiritual needs but facilitating status improvement and financial gains.]]>
<![CDATA[Strategy for Developing a Body of Knowledge on Graduate Entrepreneurship ]]>
<![CDATA[Sangkaew, Pimchanok]]>;
<![CDATA[Vongkamjan, Suphawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Chaipiboon, Somkiat]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2013): January 2013 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[The objectives were 1) to create strategy for developing a body of knowledge on graduate entrepreneurship and 2) toexperiment strategies for developing a body of knowledge on graduate entrepreneurship. Qualitative research and quantitativeresearch approaches were used. Data collection and analysis were done with In-Depth interview and focus group discussionfor qualitative research. The experiment group composed of 60 students from Kamphaeng Phet Rajabhat University Maesotand was selected with Purposive Sampling Technique. The strategic for developing a body of knowledge on graduateentrepreneurship was composed of 3 system units as the followings.1. Changing attitudes 2. Organizing activities 3.Developing a sustainability. The experimental results of the 60 students showed that their post-test attitude mean score with4.33 , was higher than their pre-test attitude mean score with 3.03. In addition, 83.33 percents of the students gained a betterunderstanding on how to write a business plan, and they were able to real practice by setting up their own. The overalloutcome of the strategy for developing a body of knowledge on graduate entrepreneurship was at good level. Those trainedstudents had increased knowledge and ability of entrepreneurship than untrained with statistical significance at 0.0001. Therewere 56 students who can use body of knowledge on graduate entrepreneurship 60 students, 93.33 percents. Moreover, theyhave applied what they have learned into their real life. These outcomes have led us to believe that the students will be able tocontinue developing and improving themselves to be well-mannered entrepreneurs.]]>
<![CDATA[Nonprofit Organizations: The Impact of Advertising in Fundraising ]]>
<![CDATA[Agaraj, Xhiliola]]>;
<![CDATA[Pjero, Elenica]]>;
<![CDATA[Sokoli, Ylldes]]>;
<![CDATA[Ramaj, Aurela]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2013): January 2013 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[Managers in many nonprofit organizations in the World have adopted a marketing approach. In nonprofit organizations,marketing tactics are used to build the organizations image and reputation in society and help the public remember theorganization and its cause. Marketing tactics help differentiate one nonprofit from another nonprofit that is offering similarprograms, and are used to attract and retain donors, clients, and volunteers. Advertising is one of the marketing tactics whichis used from nonprofit organization to inform, persuade, and remind target publics (donator, clients, volunteers) about theorganization and its offers. The aim of the paper is to study the situation of non-profit organizations in Albania, the impact ofadvertising to attract different donors, and to verify the hypothesis: "there is no correlation between advertising and fundraising.]]>
<![CDATA[Assessment of the Administration and Practice of Juvenile Justice System in Abuja, Nigeria ]]>
<![CDATA[James, Godswill]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2013): January 2013 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[No social group seems to bear the direct brunt of economic crises like children and young persons. Because of their vulnerablenature, some of them resort to different forms of deviant activities, which bring them in conflict with the law. As a result, there isa range of laws at the international and local levels which set standard practice as it concerns juvenile offenders. However, thepractice of juvenile justice system in Nigeria tends to be at variance with these laws. This study examines the practice ofjuvenile justice system in Nigeria, with the view to assessing the effort of government in the administration and control ofjuvenile delinquency in line with established standard in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The study used structuredquestionnaires to elicit information from the respondents. Findings reveal that there exist laws to protect the rights andconditions of juveniles, but these laws do not adequately conform to international standard. Juveniles are subjected to poorconditions in police and prison cells; they are poorly fed, subjected to verbal and physical abuses, and not separated from adultprisoners. The study concludes that Nigerian juvenile justice administration needs to be reviewed and properly coordinated toreflect international rules and standards for the treatment of juvenile offenders.]]>
<![CDATA[The Missing Third Question ]]>
<![CDATA[Kocani, Aleksandër]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2013): January 2013 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[This is about a question that could have been put logically by Einstein or anyone that has followed his way of reasoning,following two other guided or heuristic questions. In the literature that analyses Einstein’s scientific work, it is said that in hisanalysis of so-called mechanical principle of relativity, he was trying to understand if there was something in the laws of naturethat was justifying it. Logically, a question comes up: Did something exist in laws of nature that conditioned discrimination inidentification possibilities of the difference between mechanical experiments from one side and optical, magnetic etc. ones onthe other? Why in principle was impossible for mechanical experiments to identify this difference, but it was not for, say, opticalexperiments? Einstein by his principle of restricted relativity gives an answer to this question. He did the same for “Whyâ€-s ofprincipal impossibility to differentiate the rest from the straight-lined uniformed motion by any physical experiment carried withina system of reference. Now is the time to ask the third “Why†which logically follows the two mentioned and to propose ananswer. That is the “Whyâ€-s of principal impossibility to differentiate the immobility (or the rest) from the any mechanical motionby any physical experiment carried within a system of reference.]]>
<![CDATA[McDonaldization of Nigerian Banking Industry in the Post-consolidated Era: An Exploration of the Unavoidable Consequences ]]>
<![CDATA[Dumbili, Emeka W.]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2013): January 2013 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Richtmann Publishing ]]>
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<![CDATA[This article explores the McDonaldization of banking operation in Nigeria. In doing so, it brings to light a critical analysis of theincreasing rationalization process in light of a developing economy. McDonaldization thesis has generated serious academicdebate since it was introduced by George Ritzer the American sociologist in 1993. However, it has received seldom attentionamong Nigerian scholars and none to my knowledge has applied it to examine the banking industry which is invariably themost McDonaldized sector in Nigeria. This article therefore, draws on the thesis to explore the increasing rationalizationprocess the sector is undergoing since consolidation and recapitalization exercises began in 2005. The article argues that thesector is McDonaldized and this has engendered efficiency, predictability, calculability and control. The article further arguesthat this McDonaldization process inevitably has led to increasing negative impacts of McDonaldization and concludes bypointing out some remedies.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Using Moodle Reader as an Extensive Reading Tool on Learners’ Awareness of Affective Dimensions of Deep Vocabulary Knowledge ]]>
<![CDATA[Vaezi, Ramin]]>;
<![CDATA[Nilforooshan, Somayeh]]>
<![CDATA[ Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2013): January 2013 ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study aimed at investigating the effect of using MoodleReader to promote extensive reading (ER) in an Iranian EFLcontext, emphasizing its effect on learners' awareness of two affective dimensions namely evaluation and potency of deepvocabulary knowledge. Sixty intermediate EFL female adult learners participated in this study; they were chosen from among90 students through Preliminary English Test and a general vocabulary knowledge test. They were thus randomly divided intotwo groups, experimental and control, each consisting of 30 students. As for the treatment, the experimental group used theMoodleReader for their extensive reading program, while the control group followed the conventional extensive readingcurriculum, reading a small number of pre-assigned graded readers during the semester. At the end, students took a test ofawareness of evaluation and potency dimensions of deep vocabulary knowledge. To see if using MoodleReader hadstatistically significant effects on awareness of evaluation and potency dimensions of deep vocabulary knowledge, independentT-test with 0.05 significant level was administered revealing that using MoodleReader as an extensive reading tool significantlyimproved learners’ awareness of the two dimensions.]]>
