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International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (IJFANRES)
Published by FANRes-Network
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27224066     DOI : https://doi.org/10.46676/ij-fanres
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
IJ-FANRes is an international and cross-disciplinary scholarly and scientific open access, open-source journal on the science and technology of Food, Agriculture, and Natural Resources. Our aim is to encourage Professors, Researchers, and Students to publish their experimental and theoretical research, along with the full set of schematics, and methodological aspects to accelerated and rapid dissemination of leading edge technologies emerging in Food, Agriculture, and Natural Resources. The journal publishes original research and review papers. Particularly the journal is focused on the following areas: • Food Engineering and Processing • Microbiology • Industrial crops and Products • Sensors, instrumentation / Internet of Things(IoT) • Modelling / Optimization • GIS / Remote Sensing • Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning • Spectroscopy • Contamination mitigation and prevention • Irrigation • Agronomy • Socio-Economics • Supply/Value-Chain • Food, feed and fiber process Other areas not mentioned above also accepted as long as they provide Science and technology solutions supporting the fields of Food, Agriculture, and Natural Resources.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 255 Documents
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Perceptions of Climate Variability among Smallholder Cocoa Farmers in Ghana Amoako, Prince Kwadwo; Tham-Agyekum, Dr. Enoch Kwame
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 3 (2025): Ij-FANRes
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v6i3.507

Abstract

This study assessed smallholder cocoa farmers' perceptions of climate variability in Ghana. Through a survey of 600 farmers, findings indicate awareness of climate changes, particularly in temperature, while perceptions of variability in rainfall and other climate variables were more neutral. Farmers identified deforestation and agrochemical use as key drivers of climate variability. The study emphasizes the necessity for targeted interventions to enhance awareness and adaptive capacity among farmers by recommending comprehensive adaptation strategies and equitable resource access. These insights aim to inform policymakers and stakeholders to promote sustainable cocoa production in Ghana.
Development of an On-Site Protocol to Identify the Adulterations in Palmyrah Jaggery through Comparative Evaluation of Fresh Market samples and Control Sample Thangavel, Kirushanthi; Thavaputhalvan, Thavapiraja; Chandrajith, Vidana Gayan Gamage; Sivaji, Maathumai; Srivijeindran, Srithayalan
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 2 (2025): Ij-FANRes
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v6i2.495

Abstract

Palmyrah jaggery, a traditional sweetener valued for its nutritional qualities, is susceptible to adulteration, compromising its authenticity and safety. This study aimed to develop a simple, cost-effective on-site protocol by examining the relationships between sensory attributes, physico-chemical properties, and adulterant test results in market samples compared to a control (QC) sample. Twenty jaggery fresh samples from local producers and a laboratory-prepared QC sample were analyzed. Sensory evaluation assessed the attributes of jaggery such as taste and aroma by Difference From Control method, while physico-chemical parameters, including conductivity, total ash content, moisture content, Brix, pH, and color, were measured using standard methods. Adulterant-specific tests, such as sedimentation, iodine, and saccharin detection, were used to identify impurities like rice bran, starch and CaCO3.The sensory evaluation identified significant differences (p < 0.05) in taste and aroma in 12 samples compared to QC, and 9 tested positive for adulterants like starch and CaCO3. Conductivity and total ash content were reliable indicators of adulteration, as adulterated samples displayed lower values, reflecting reduced mineral content compared to the QC. Moisture content, Brix, pH, and color parameters were less reliable indicators of adulteration due to manufacturing variability, such as processing temperature and filtration methods. Additionally, all market samples exceeded the SLS 521:1981 limit for insoluble matter, suggesting inadequate processing. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of a stepwise detection method combining sensory, physico-chemical, and adulterant-specific tests. The findings provide a foundation for ensuring the authenticity of palmyrah jaggery, promoting sustainable production, consumer safety, and market trust.Palmyrah jaggery, a traditional sweetener valued for its nutritional qualities, is susceptible to adulteration, compromising its authenticity and safety. This study aimed to develop a simple, cost-effective on-site protocol by examining the relationships between sensory attributes, physico-chemical properties, and adulterant test results in market samples compared to a control (QC) sample. Twenty jaggery fresh samples from local producers and a laboratory-prepared QC sample were analyzed. Sensory evaluation assessed the attributes of jaggery such as taste and aroma by Difference From Control method, while physico-chemical parameters, including conductivity, total ash content, moisture content, Brix, pH, and color, were measured using standard methods. Adulterant-specific tests, such as sedimentation, iodine, and saccharin detection, were used to identify impurities like rice bran, starch and CaCO3.The sensory evaluation identified significant differences (p < 0.05) in taste and aroma in 12 samples compared to QC, and 9 tested positive for adulterants like starch and CaCO3. Conductivity and total ash content were reliable indicators of adulteration, as adulterated samples displayed lower values, reflecting reduced mineral content compared to the QC. Moisture content, Brix, pH, and color parameters were less reliable indicators of adulteration due to manufacturing variability, such as processing temperature and filtration methods. Additionally, all market samples exceeded the SLS 521:1981 limit for insoluble matter, suggesting inadequate processing. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of a stepwise detection method combining sensory, physico-chemical, and adulterant-specific tests. The findings provide a foundation for ensuring the authenticity of palmyrah jaggery, promoting sustainable production, consumer safety, and market trust.
Farmer's Perceptions of Sustainable Land Management Practices in Sekota District, Northeastern, Ethiopia Asresu, Melaku; Tarekegn, Chalachew
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 2 (2025): Ij-FANRes
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v6i2.479

Abstract

Land degradation is a significant threat to agricultural productivity and economic growth in Ethiopia. Despite the promotion of sustainable land management practices (SLMPs) by government and development agencies to enhance agricultural productivity, the perception level among smallholder farmers remains low. This study aimed to analyze farmers’ perceptions on SLMPs and practices utilized by farmers. Data were collected from 267 randomly selected households using a multistage sampling technique, which included an interview schedule, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions from three sample kebeles in Sekota district during in 2024 production season. Descriptive statistics was used for analyzing quantitative data while qualitative data was analyzed by narrations, interpretation, and conceptual generalization. The most common SLM practices included crop rotation (30.71%), livestock manure (25.84%), integrated methods (20.97%), inorganic fertilizer (17.6%), and compost (4.87%). Our study shows farmers had positive perception index scores for SLMPs, with livestock manure (4.78), livestock manure + inorganic fertilizer (4.14), compost (4.12), and crop rotation (3.99) respectively, although lack of transportation, high price inflation, and labor-intensive were mentioned as the major factors in livestock manure, inorganic fertilizer, and compost respectively. The majority (78.3%) of farmers believed that soil fertility would continue to decline, while 12.7% perceived it would remain unchanged, and 9% perceived it would improve. The finding of the study shows that almost all farmers of the study area had a good perception on the land management practices, as well as the causes and consequences of soil degradation. The major causes of soil degradation perceived by farmers were over-cultivation without fallowing, soil erosion, the slope of the land and poor tillage practices. Whereas declining land productivity, declining crop production, land becoming out of cultivation, hunger and migration, and poverty were the major consequences of soil degradation in the study area. Therefore, increasing farmers’ perception about land degradation risks, enhancing extension service, improving access to training,  improving land productivity per unit area, and addressing barriers specific to each practice are essential to promoting sustainable land management in the study area
Effect of Irrigation Frequency and Depth on Yield and Water Productivity of Field Pea at Koga and Rib Irrigation Scheme, Ethiopia Tewabe, Dires
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 3 (2025): Ij-FANRes
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v6i3.494

Abstract

Efficient irrigation scheduling is crucial for optimizing crop yield and water productivity, particularly in water-scarce regions. This study evaluated the effects of different irrigation frequencies and depths on the yield and water productivity of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) at the Koga and Rib irrigation schemes in Ethiopia over two growing seasons. A factorial experiment with two irrigation intervals (10 and 14 days) and five irrigation depths (50%, 75%, 100%, 125%, and 150% of crop water requirement) was conducted using a split-plot design with three replications. The results revealed that irrigation scheduling significantly influenced both grain yield and water productivity at both sites. At Koga, the highest grain yield (2.12 t ha⁻¹) and optimal water productivity (0.55 kg m⁻³) were achieved by irrigating at 100% crop water requirement (CWR) every 10 days. Conversely, at Rib, the highest yield (3.21 t ha⁻¹) and water productivity (1.05 kg m-3) were obtained with 75% CWR applied every 10 days. Increasing irrigation depth beyond these optimal levels did not further enhance yield and led to a decline in water productivity. These findings suggest that site-specific irrigation scheduling is essential for maximizing field pea production while improving water use efficiency. The study recommends irrigating field pea at 100% CWR every 10 days in Koga and 75% CWR every 10 days in Rib to achieve the best balance between yield and water conservation.Keywords:  Irrigation Scheduling, Water Productivity, Field pea, Crop Water Requirement
Ecological Risk Assessment of Consuming Vegetables Exposed To Heavy Metals From Hairdressing Salon Dike, Nwanne Ijere; Ukachukwu, Chidinma Ogochukwu; Udebuani, Angel Chika; Ugwu, Tochukwu Nicholas; Abara, Priscillia Nkeonye; Enesi, Katumi Ohunene
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 4 (2025): IJ-FANRES
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v6i4.579

Abstract

This study is focused on the impact of improper disposal of hair dressing contaminated water on farmland within different communities. Presence of different heavy metals were detected at Ohofia and Isiukwuto communities while, Talinum triangulare and Telfairer occindentalis were planted in the soil obtained from sampling sites. Health risk, ecological risk and bioaccumulation factor was estimated on the plants. Different heavy metals were accumulated in the plants. However, iron was highest in both T. triangulare and T. occidentalis with value of 109.92 and 48.84 respectively. The bioaccumulation factor of plants was in this order Fe < Cd< Mn < Cr < Zn < Ni < Cu < As < Pb < Hg respectively. Besides, Fe is considered to be of high ecological risk concerns (160 ≤ Eir < 320). While, the health risk showed that the ten heavy metals detected exceeded the non-carcinogenic risk (I.e. THQ >1) though, in Isiukwuato Fe appears to have highest THQ (target hazard quotient). The ecological risk perceived in the assessment indicates that hair dressing salon waste contamination of arable soil and farmland is unsafe. Therefore, effective and safe method is required for proper discharge.
Analysis of Income Diversification Strategies Through Agricultural Activities Among Public Servants in Bida Town, Niger State, Nigeria Ugwu, Tochukwu Nicholas; John, Emmanuel Nnanna; Ukachukwu, Chidinma Ogochukwu; Anthony, Michael Nduka
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 4 (2025): IJ-FANRES
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v6i4.575

Abstract

This research examines how public servants in Bida town, Nigeria, diversify their income through agricultural activities. It explores their socio-economic characteristics, the types of agricultural enterprises they engage in, the factors influencing their participation, and the challenges they encounter. Using a sample of 81 respondents identified through snowball sampling, the study employed descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and factor analysis to analyze the data. The findings show that most respondents were middle-aged married men, with crop farming being their primary choice for diversification, followed by poultry and ruminant farming. Key factors driving diversification were demographic, economic, and environmental, while occupational factors had a lesser influence. Respondents highlighted market instability, insufficient resources, and a lack of farming experience as major challenges to their diversification efforts. The study illustrates that agricultural diversification is a practical strategy for improving income stability among public servants. However, overcoming barriers like fluctuating markets, limited access to resources, and skill gaps is essential. It recommends implementing policies that provide targeted support, establishing training programs to build capacity, and promoting gender-inclusive initiatives to enhance sustainable diversification.
Effect of Aerated and Non-Aerated Compost Tea at Different Concentrations on Early Growth of Maize (Zea mays L.) Rachmandhika, Yusuf; Muhlison, Wildan; Sucipto, Irwanto; Pusparani, Syafina; Saputra, Tri Wahyu; Ristiyana, Suci
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 4 (2025): IJ-FANRES
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v6i4.568

Abstract

Declining soil fertility caused by the continuous use of chemical fertilizers has encouraged the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly nutrient management strategies. Compost tea, a liquid extract derived from mature compost, has gained attention due to its potential to supply readily available nutrients and beneficial microorganisms. This study aimed to evaluate the compost tea production process and assess the effects of aerated compost tea (ACT) and non-aerated compost tea (NACT) at different application concentrations on the early growth of maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment was conducted under controlled conditions in November 2025 using maize as the test plant. Compost tea was prepared by extracting mature compost in water at a ratio of 1:5, with aeration applied for ACT and without aeration for NACT over a three-day fermentation period. Treatments consisted of ACT and NACT applied at concentrations of 30 ml and 60 ml, along with a control. Plant growth parameters, including plant height and root length, were observed during the early growth phase (2–7 days after planting). The results showed that compost tea application significantly affected maize growth during the early growth stage (P < 0.05). Aerated compost tea generally produced better growth responses than non-aerated compost tea, particularly at lower concentrations. The ACT treatment at 30 ml resulted in the highest plant height and root length, while higher concentrations, especially NACT at 60 ml, tended to suppress plant growth. These findings indicate that compost tea primarily functions as an early growth stimulant and that excessive application may reduce its effectiveness. In conclusion, aerated compost tea at low concentrations is more effective in promoting early maize growth than non-aerated compost tea. Proper optimization of compost tea concentration and application strategy is essential to maximize its benefits within sustainable agricultural systems.
Assessing Inorganic Salts for Effective Management of Late Blight Disease in Potatoes Kassaw, Admasie; Desale, Tesfaye; Mihretie, Aderajew; Ayalew, Abebe
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 3 (2025): Ij-FANRes
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v6i3.561

Abstract

Potato in Ethiopia is the primary tuber crop, and late blight poses a significant challenge to its production. Field experiments were carried out in Meket and Wadla during the 2018 and 2019 growing seasons to assess the use of salts in controlling late blight and its cost-effectiveness management strategies. The study included seven treatments: sodium bicarbonate, sodium benzoate, sodium carbonate, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, a systemic fungicide containing Mefenoxam and Mancozeb, and a control treatment. The treatments were settled in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The study found that there were significant variations in disease levels, potato tuber yield, and yield components among different treatments. Application of salts were found to be effective in reducing late blight disease, leading to higher yields. Among salts, the highest total tuber yield (23.59 and 22.02 t ha-1) was recorded from sodium bicarbonate at Meket and Wadla in 2019, respectively. The highest marginal rate of return (2,852%) was obtained from synthetic fungicide followed by 2,634% by sodium bicarbonate. Therefore, besides synthetic fungicide, foliar application of sodium bicarbonate can decrease potato late blight disease pressure and is advised to be considered as an alternative control measure.
Assessment of the current status of area enclosures and their livelihood contribution in Wag-Lasta areas, north-eastern Ethiopia Amerra, Yekoye Alene; Shumie, Abebe; Worie, Birhan; Lamesgin, Haymanot; Wondie, Menale; Belay, Beyene; Asmare, Silesh; Nigusie, Girma; Ebabu, Adino; Eshetie, Mubarek
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 4 (2025): IJ-FANRES
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v6i4.580

Abstract

Several studies have shown that keeping areas free from animal contact can not only restore degraded areas but also improve benefits to local communities. This survey aimed to identify the changes brought in the area enclosures after enclosure, the benefits they are giving to the users, and the current constraints of area enclosures in the Wag-Lasta area. A simple random sampling method was used to select respondents. A total of 180 respondents, from users of the area enclosure, participated. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics using the SPSS tool version 26. According to the result, the majority of the respondents (74.4%) said that area enclosures were effective in the rehabilitation of degraded lands, and confirmed that they were beneficial for soil erosion control, the development of water sources, the conservation of natural resources (soil, water, trees, and shrubs), and the regeneration of trees and shrubs. The results also showed that the local community got different benefits from area enclosures, like animal fodder (53.3%), bee pollen sources (23.3%), and reducing soil erosion (23.3%). The local community also gained, on average, 4102.3 ETB and 1018.18 ETB per annum from grass and fuelwood selling, respectively, from area enclosures. Despite all these benefits, respondents explained that area enclosures were under critical problem due to free grazing (49.4%); flooding (28.9%); and illegal cuttings (21.6%). Hence, to minimize the existing constraints and improve the sustainability of benefits from area enclosure, it is important to diversify benefits, create awareness, and introduce new technologies related to sources of better fuelwood and animal fodder, as well as strengthen local communities.
Emissions and Efficiency Outcomes of Variable Rate Fertilizer Application: A Case Study of Canola Yield and Sustainability Singh, Navdeep; Getigan, Clarissa; Gómez, Juan Marcelo
International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Vol 6, No 4 (2025): IJ-FANRES
Publisher : Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources - NETWORKS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46676/ij-fanres.v6i4.576

Abstract

Agriculture contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, mainly attributable to the ineffective and uniform application of fertilizers, seeds, pesticides, and irrigation water. Precision agriculture technologies, especially those utilizing variable rate input applications, provide an effective solution by modulating input quantities according to the distinct conditions of each field segment. While prior research has examined the theoretical advantages of these technologies, few empirical studies have measured environmental and agronomic effects across various input types. This study examines primary data from variable rate fertilizer application by quantifying the reductions in input utilization and corresponding scope three greenhouse gas emissions. The analysis contrasts traditional uniform application methods with precision-based strategies, demonstrating quantifiable advantages in reduced indirect emissions, enhanced input-use efficiency, and improved crop yield. The results encourage precision agriculture techniques by underscoring the environmental and productivity advantages of precision-managed inputs to guide agricultural policy, promote sustainable farming practices, and aid global warming mitigation efforts.

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