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Lowland Technology International
Published by International Association of Lowland Technology
ISSN : 13449656     EISSN : 21878870     DOI : https://doi.org/10.0001/ialt_lti
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering Transportation
The Lowland Technology International Journal presents activity and research developments in Geotechnical Engineering, Water Resources Engineering, Structural Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Urban Planning, Coastal Engineering, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Sipil dan Struktur
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 1 No 1, June (1999)" : 8 Documents clear
A PHILOSOPHY ON THE OPTIMAL EXPLOITATION OF FRESH GROUND WATER IN AQUIFERS IN COASTAL AREAS J. C. Van Dam
Lowland Technology International Vol 1 No 1, June (1999)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

This paper deals with the exploitation of fresh groundwater in coastal areas in the context of integrated water management. Saltwater is a threat. With the recharge as an upper limit for abstraction of fresh groundwater, sustainable exploitation is possible in different ways. For sustainable exploitation of fresh ground water a certain reserve must be available to overcome periods of overdraft and little recharge. A choice must be made for the combination of a sustainable rate of abstraction and the reserve of fresh groundwater in the aquifer system. The combination to be chosen determines the layout and management of the system of abstraction and recharge works.
WETLAND HYDROLOGY AND HYDRAULICS: WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT M. E. Grismer
Lowland Technology International Vol 1 No 1, June (1999)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Wetlands function in the transitional environment between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and their impact on water quality enhancement (as well as biological diversity) is directly dependent on the hydrologic, or hydraulic factors controlling the residence, or detention time of the water within the wetland. Similarly, constructed wetland performance, in terms of wastewater treatment efficiency, also depends on the processes affecting water detention within the system. In many cases, however, both the hydrologic, or hydraulic factors and the actual degradation processes or mechanisms associated with particular constituents of concern are only poorly understood. Successful wetland restoration, or design of constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment requires a thorough understanding of the site hydrology, or flow hydraulics as well as an assessment of the specific constituent degradation mechanisms of concern. In this paper, some of the current literature associated with development of the concepts outlined above is reviewed. Examples of how these concepts may apply to a range of wetland types are considered; including a sub-alpine bog/fen, a tidal marsh, and constructed surface and subsurface flow wetlands.
COINCIDENT FLOOD FREQUENCY ANALYSIS FOR DESIGN OF CHAO PHRAYA RIVER FLOOD CONTROL SYSTEM FOR BANGKOK T. Tingsanchali; T. Kitpaisalsakut
Lowland Technology International Vol 1 No 1, June (1999)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Flood levels of the Chao Phraya river at Bangkok is strongly influenced by the upstream river flood levels at Bangsai and the tide levels at the river mouth at Fort Chula. A flood control system was earlier proposed by the Asian lnstitute of Technology and the Thai• Austrian Consortium for Bangkok in 1986. However, no coincident flood frequency analysis was done. In this study, a coincident flood frequency analysis is applied to determine the significance of the flood levels at Bangsai and the tide levels at Fort Chula on the flood levels at Bangkok. Also, the change in the return period of flood overtopping the existing river dikes with and without the proposed flood control scheme is determined. It is found that the return period of flood overtopping the river dikes is 2.5 years when there is no flood control scheme and is more than 1000 years when considering the flood control scheme.
INTERNATIONAL MISUNDERSTANDING IN IRRIGATION ENGINEERING P. Ankum
Lowland Technology International Vol 1 No 1, June (1999)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

The exchange of knowledge between irrigation engineers is quite hampered by misunderstanding. Misunderstanding can be avoid when first terminology, development concepts and fundamentals of an irrigation scheme are mutually agreed, before the technical matters are discussed. Typical topics for misunderstanding are elaborated here and include: need for large-scale development, farmer-managed or dual managed schemes, function of the tertiary unit, role of cost-recovery, need for a 'highest authority', productive and protective irrigation, design for dry-season and for wer-season irrigation, equitable and flexible supply, how is the instruction to the operator of the tertiary offtake. Most of the insfrastructural, operational and managerial matters of the irrigation scheme follow directly from choices on these topics.
BEHAVIOUR OF CHEMICAL SPECIES UNDER REDUCING CONDITION IN A SUBAQUEOUS SOILS COLUMN Y. Hiroshiro; K. Jinno; T. Yokoyama; S. I Wada
Lowland Technology International Vol 1 No 1, June (1999)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

In order to model the transport of multicomponent species including Mn2+ and Fe2+ from reduced layer to oxidized layer similar to paddy field condition, a preliminary column experiment was carried out. To reproduce actual paddy field conditions, the upper part of the column was filled with the soil taken from the paddy field and fine granite soil was filled in the lower soil of column. The experimental result showed that ORP (Oxidation Reduction Potential) rapidly decreased for first two days after the beginning of this experiment, and then showed a constant value, NO3 concentration in plow layer rapidly decreased due to the denitrification. On the other hand, the concentartions of dissolved Mn2+ and Fe2+ gradually increased after OPR achieved to a steady value, and they kept constant concentrations for 30 days.
OPTIMAL DESIGN OF GEOTECHNICAL STRUCTURES FOR LOWLAND AREAS S. Valliappan; A. Hakam; V. Tandjiria
Lowland Technology International Vol 1 No 1, June (1999)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

The applications of optimization technique for raft foundations built on soft soils and retaining walls are presented in this paper. The objective function of the optimization problem is the cost of the structures (which is a function of thickness, dimensions and material of stabilized soil). The constraints are the displacement, differential displacement and stabilities. The finite difference sensitivity analysis and the combination of extended bi-point constraint and Lagrangian constraint approximation are carried out during the structural optimization process. The finite element method has been used to analyse the response of the structures. The results of the numerical examples show that the structures can be designed both economically and effectively using the proposed method.
ANALYSIS OF CULVERT APPROACHES WITH PILES OF VARYING LENGTH M. R. Madhav; P. K. Basudhar; N. Miura
Lowland Technology International Vol 1 No 1, June (1999)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

For the construction of culverts and their approaches on soft and highly compressible soils, an innovative approach is to provide piles with length decreasing with distance from the culvert. The equivalent stiffness of the piled strip as a function of the relative length of the piles estimated from Brown and Wiesner (1976), is bounded by Linear and exponential variations with distance. An extended Pasternak type model is proposed for the culvert approaches with piles of varying length. The response of the system is shown to be governed by the relative stiffnesses of the granular bed, the culvert foundation, the approaches at the near and far ends and the relative pile length to diameter ratio. The settlement profiles are presented for the typical values of the above parameters. The relative stiffness of the granular pad has a significant effect on settlements and on the loads transferred to the culvert foundations.
SELECTION OF SOFT CLAY PARAMETERS FOR BANGKOK LOWLAND DEVELOPMENT A. S. Balasubramaniam; S. R. Kim; D. G. Lirr; S. S. S. Acharya; T. H. Seah; D. T. Bergado
Lowland Technology International Vol 1 No 1, June (1999)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

The paper stresses the importance of a sound understanding of the soil behaviour in both the limit equilibrium and numerical analysis in soil- structure interaction problems: deep foundation for tall buildings; foundation for elevated expressways, subways, ground improvements works, tunnels for water supply, natural gas supply, sewerage and drainage. In the limit equilibrium analysis the use of Hvorslev strength parameters is suggested while for lightly overconsolidated clays the strength to be referred as a frictional component. In the numerical analysis a realistic stress- strain model for the behaviour of soft clays for stress states below the state boundary surface is recommended.

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