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Evi Aprianti
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International Association of Lowland Technology In Collaboration with Hasanuddin University and Saga University Address Faculty of Engineering, Center of Technology Building, 1st Floor Jalan Poros Malino km. 6, Bontomarannu, Gowa Indonesia Postal Code: 91711
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Lowland Technology International
Published by International Association of Lowland Technology
ISSN : 13449656     EISSN : 21878870     DOI : https://doi.org/10.0001/ialt_lti
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering Transportation
The Lowland Technology International Journal presents activity and research developments in Geotechnical Engineering, Water Resources Engineering, Structural Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Urban Planning, Coastal Engineering, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Sipil dan Struktur
Articles 463 Documents
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Reconfirmation of Skempton-Bjerrum 2D to 3D settlement conversion using FEM of full scale embankments S. Chaiyaput; D.T. Bergado
Lowland Technology International Vol 20 No 1, June (2018)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

The soil is a production of natural process, which is highly variable with very complex properties, and soil behavior can be difficult to calculate. Numerical Simulation can be applied to deal with the numerous aspects of complex geotechnical structures. The 3D FEM simulation model can present the conditions of the geotechnical project in details and assumptions, which are similar to actual situations, but the process of running the 3D FEM analysis takes longer computer time. Therefore, 2D FEM simulation model is proposed to reduce calculation time, but the prediction results are usually overestimated. Accordingly, this paper re-analyzed the 2D analysis to represent the performance of 3D analysis based on Skempton-Bjerrum method. The simulated 2D and 3D FEM settlement results had been carried out and compared with the measured data of two full scale embankments including the dissipation of the excess pore pressure. Consequently, it was confirmed that predicted result of 2D and 3D FEM numerical simulation agreed with the correction of Skempton-Bjerrum method that can be applied to predict the final settlements in 3D conditions.
Full-scale Tests of Ground Anchors in Alluvium Soils of Egypt M. F. Awad-Allah
Lowland Technology International Vol 20 No 1, June (2018)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

This paper presents full-scale pullout ground anchor tests conducted in some types of alluvial soil formations in Egypt, including silty sand, sandstone, and clay soils. The tests were carried out up to failure loads in order to estimate the ultimate load of friction bearing capacity for each soil stratum. Moreover, an elaborated site investigation program was performed to predict the in-situ soil properties. This research campaign is a part of construction of residential and commercial complex which comprises six underground basements, and the site is located in a vital and highly traffic zone of Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt. Field test setup and installation method of the full-scale ground anchors were explained. The results of the field tests were compared against the design values of unit skin friction resistance given by the well-known codes of practice (AASHTO; BS 8081; and Canadian Foundation Engineering Manual) and the literature for design of ground anchorage. The comparison showed that the values of skin friction resistance for anchorsoil/rock interface given in AASHTO (2004) and BS 8081 (1989) can be employed for determination of pullout capacities of ground anchors installed in Egyptian soils with a good reliability.
Effects of pore water chemistry on hydraulic conductivity of saturated loess F.Y. Zhang; J.X. Zhang
Lowland Technology International Vol 20 No 1, June (2018)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

The effects of pore water chemistry on hydraulic conductivity of saturated loess are investigated. A series of laboratory tests were conducted to investigate these effects with different salt concentrations, cations, and anions. The results showed that with increased NaCl concentration, the hydraulic conductivity of the loess samples decreased below 14%, but an increase occurred at 16%. The hydraulic conductivity of loess samples with different cations in the permeant decreased in the following order: Ca2+ > K+ > Na+, which was mainly affected by the different valence and hydrated ion radius thereof. The effects of different anions on loess permeability were influenced by their ability to influence the activity of cations, and the hydraulic conductivities were in order: Cl- > SO4 2- > HCO3 - . To investigate the major mechanisms involved in variations in hydraulic conductivity, the trends in sample hydraulic conductivity and intrinsic permeability to different salt solutions were compared. The similar plots revealed that the changes in hydraulic conductivity were attributed to changes in soil fabric, which was due to the change of electric double layer thickness and charge characteristics of certain soil mineral surfaces and edges, rather than the density and viscosity of those permeating fluids. In addition, the implications for water-induced hazards were also discussed.
A study for the protection and utilization of the Huzhou new rural tourism landscape resources based on a Rural Residence Image System (RRIS） Q. Yang; K. Sheng
Lowland Technology International Vol 20 No 1, June (2018)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

The utilization of rural tourism landscape resources is an important aspect of new rural development. How to effectively balance the protection and construction of rural landscape resources has recently become the focus of research studies. By taking Huzhou City as an example, this study summarized the problems in the current based on an investigation. Then, it reconstructed the development goals of the tourism landscape resources in the rural areas, introduced an innovation idea of a “Rural Residence Image System”, and established a new development model based on “nature, entirety, and sharing”. A Rural Residence Image System is in fact the sum of the tangible and intangible cultural landscape resources, which continue the existing rural cultural traditions. Also, it is the exploration and practice of innovation concepts regarding the in-the-field planning science and architecture of rural tourism landscape development. On this basis, countermeasures and suggestions were formulated for the protection and utilization of resources.
“Centralized and Popularized” Evolution of the West Lake Space in Northern Song Dynasty and its significance J. Shen; L. Zhang; Y.D. Zhang
Lowland Technology International Vol 20 No 1, June (2018)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

This paper discusses characteristics of spatial change of Lake Space, and its significance to the entire Space of West Lake against a backdrop of the rise of citizen stratum in Northern Song Dynasty. The evolution of Lake Space is analyzed from two perspectives: physical form and cultural form. Multidimensional transformation of physical form enriches the spatial hierarchy, and enables special elements to expand from a previously isolated point to currently-integrated multiple elements with points and lines echoed and imaginary and actual elements combined. Cultural form breaks up the singleness dominated by religious culture, and expands to the coexistence of various cultural elements such as release, seclusion, religion and tourism. The evolution of Lake Space in Northern Song Dynasty has exerted far-reaching influence on West Lake Space. “Centralized Evolution” of West Lake completed in Northern Song Dynasty, its focus evolved from “mountain space” to “mountain space and lake space”, and its space radiation layout from “inward radiation from mountain space” to “outward radiation from lake space”. Lake space was no longer just a geometric center of the West Lake, but also become its real core space.
Numerical method for shape optimization of standard floor of the high-rise buildings in hot-summer and cold-winter areas under the low energy consumption target—taking the L-shape as an example X.Y. Ying; W.Z. Li; Q. Kan; Z. Zhang; G. Ding
Lowland Technology International Vol 20 No 1, June (2018)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Shape is an important consideration in building design due to its significant impact on building performance in energy consumption. This paper presents a methodology to program planes using MATLAB language. Three side length factors were proposed as the design variables for L-shaped layouts, and eighteen kinds of L-shaped layouts were generated by changing those variables individually. An energy consumption simulation software (DesignBuilder) was developed to simulate the energy consumption of these layouts of high-rise buildings as experimental models. The correlativity between the width ratio and depth ratio of all experimental models and their energy consumption was examined when deriving the corresponding polynomial function. The main finding of the study suggested that there were certain critical points for both width ratio and depth ratio of the standard floor of high-rise buildings with Lshaped plane, which was 0.4 for width ratio and 0.67 for depth ratio. The energy consumption increased rapidly beyond the critical point, and there was a slight fluctuation at another interval. Further, this paper provided a range of side length ratio in contour plots which showed the variation of energy consumption of L-shape high-rise buildings with width ratio and depth ratio under the weather condition in Hangzhou, China.
Green nursing-home model: The Thammapakon Pho Klang nursing home, Thailand W. Kulariyasup; J. Horpibulsuk; S. Horpibulsuk
Lowland Technology International Vol 20 No 1, June (2018)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

This paper presents the design of the new Thammapakon Pho Klang Nursing Home, Nakhon Ratchasima, as a modern model for Thai nursing homes. The nursing home is based on greenbuilding, energy-saving and human-factors engineering principles and covers an area of 102,000 m2 (2,520 acres). The model includes the site design and the buildings of the nursing home, which conforms with green-building and energy-saving principles. The novel nursing home represents a practical approach to the optimization of building use and building resources in the areas of building utilization, water management, waste management, environmentally friendly materials selection, the effect of buildings on the health of building users and the environment, construction, operations, maintenance, and final demolition. The designed buildings include an office building, a hospital, a dormitory for the elderly, a canteen and a multipurpose building. The elderly’s facility design is based on universal design and human-factors engineering. Google’s SketchUp 8 program was used to design the layout of the buildings, the style and size of the openings around the buildings, the building envelope materials, and the position and types of vegetation around the building according to sun direction. It was determined that the overall thermal transmission values (OTTV) and the roof thermal transmission values (RTTV) of the designed buildings are within the prescribed energy-efficient building standard (OTTV < 30 Watt/m2 and RTTV < 10 Watt/m2)
Georisks in railway systems under climate uncertainties by different types of sleeper/crosstie materials S. Kaewunruen; L.M. Cortes Lopes; M.P. Papaelias
Lowland Technology International Vol 20 No 1, June (2018)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Railways have been a critical catalyst for economic and social growth around the world. They have been built using local materials to effectively suit whole-life design, construction and maintenance. The choice of construction materials often affects the life cycle performance and plays a key role in resilience of rail assets and infrastructure in an uncertain setting derived from geotechnical risks, operational changes, natural hazards and climate change effects. Nowadays, in railway industry, various materials are being installed in railway tracks as supporting structure. Railway sleepers or ties are an important element, which redistributes wheel load onto track foundation and importantly secures rail gauge. Among them is manufactured by steel, timber, polymer, composite and concrete. The choice of these sleeper materials is mainly arisen from local suitability and compatibility in a specific railway network. This research is the world first to investigate the georisks and potential consequences on track capacity and performance of railway systems under climate uncertainties. Risk analysis and ranking has been conducted using rigorous evidences from critical literature review and expert interviews. This paper highlights track failure modes, short-term and long-term stability, and ground-borne vibration, which causes excessive maintenance and service downtime. The insight into the influence of sleeper material choice will help saving life cycle costs and reducing carbon footprint from repetitive track reconstruction activities.
Building with the on-site manufacturing process N. Pattanajan; A. Suddeepong; S. Horpibulsuk
Lowland Technology International Vol 20 No 2, Sep (2018)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

In general, the process of building construction makes the inevitable wastes such as nails, formwork, steel and concrete. In order to reduce these wastes, parts of building have therefore been produced by using the manufacturing process. This process can improve construction process with minimum wastes and time of construction. However, the manufacturing process is not completely effective for building construction. There is also an additional cost for the transportation from manufactory to the construction site. For this reason, to set the exact time of the construction process, to avoid material waste and to effectively reduce the construction cost, all the production processes of manufacturing building should be started and ended at construction sites. This research has studied the Lean Manufacturing Process (LMP) and applied to the process of the construction which is called “the building with the on-site manufacturing process, BMP” to reduce instable human resource by machines which provides three advantages as follows: 1) the better quality, 2) minimum constructing cost and 3) minimum constructing period.
LEED building project management in Thailand N. Chaisaard; W. Taemthong
Lowland Technology International Vol 20 No 2, Sep (2018)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Green construction management practices have become a necessity in the modern construction industry. However, the ever-growing demand for green buildings in Thailand necessitates the appropriate green project management systems which are distinct from those involved in managing a conventional project. LEED certification is the most acceptable green rating system. In this research paper, seven LEED building projects in Thailand are investigated to generate information concerning the common processes inherent in green project management. Forty stakeholders, including project owners, designers, contractors, LEED consultants and facility managers associated with the projects, were interviewed. The results shown in terms of recommended management guidelines for developing LEED projects in Thailand comprising four phases. These consist of conceptual and feasibility, design, construction and project delivery phases. Our proposed guidelines can potentially benefit future green project developments in order to enhance global sustainability. This paper suggests the guideline for project management with LEED project in Thailand which is appropriate to utilize further in developing context.

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