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International Association of Lowland Technology In Collaboration with Hasanuddin University and Saga University Address Faculty of Engineering, Center of Technology Building, 1st Floor Jalan Poros Malino km. 6, Bontomarannu, Gowa Indonesia Postal Code: 91711
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Lowland Technology International
Published by International Association of Lowland Technology
ISSN : 13449656     EISSN : 21878870     DOI : https://doi.org/10.0001/ialt_lti
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering Transportation
The Lowland Technology International Journal presents activity and research developments in Geotechnical Engineering, Water Resources Engineering, Structural Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Urban Planning, Coastal Engineering, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Sipil dan Struktur
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 11 No 2, Dec (2009)" : 10 Documents clear
COMPARISON OF COMPRESSIBILTY CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSAN LEACHED AND UNLEACHED CLAYS Y. T. Kim; T. H. Do
Lowland Technology International Vol 11 No 2, Dec (2009)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

It is well known that the settlement of soft deposit increases with leaching process due to bond weakness of soil skeleton. This paper investigated the effect of leaching on the compressibility of Busan clay. The leached clay samples were obtained from the leaching procedure in laboratory with fresh water on the cell chamber. The initial salinity of about 17g/l in soil specimen, which was taken from Hwajeon industrial complex area, decreased to about 3g/l for 25 days. Compressible characteristics of the Busan leached clay were evaluated using the constant rate of strain test (CRS test), in which two kinds of strain rate, sec /%10 3−= ε & and sec /%10 4−= ε & , were adopted. Mechanical characteristics and physical properties between natural clay and leached clay were compared on the samples with the same conditions except salinity. The experimental test results of CRS tests showed that the compressibility of Busan leached clay increased as its salinity decreased. However, the void ratio, liquid limit, preconsolidation pressure and hydraulic conductivity of the leached sample decreased than these of the unleached clay due to leaching.
CONSOLIDATION MECHANISM OF GROUND IMPROVED BY A COMBINED DJMPVD METHOD D. W. Zhang; S. Y. Liu; Y. J. Du; G. Y. Du
Lowland Technology International Vol 11 No 2, Dec (2009)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Dry Jet Mixed (DJM) and Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVDs) were used in combination to enhance the performance of soft ground improvement in Huai-yan highway in China. To investigate the consolidation mechanism of ground improved by a combined DJM-PVD method, coupled two-dimensional mechanical and hydraulic numerical modeling was conducted in this study to analyze the well-instrumented ground improved by a combined DJM-PVD method in Huai-yan highway in China. The results indicate that the consolidation of the ground improved by a combined DJM-PVD method is accelerated by the drainage of PVDs, the stress concentration on DJM columns and the excess pore water pressure gradient resulting from the stress transfer between the surrounding soil and columns. It is observed that the high drainage capacity of PVDs accelerates the dissipation of the excess pore water pressure. The accelerated dissipation is explained as that upon the embankment loading, the stress concentration on the column occurs due to its higher stiffness than that of the surrounding soil, and thereby results in the reduction of the excess pore water pressure in the soil. The differential settlement develops between the soil and the column induces the transfer of stress between surrounding soil and column, which results in pore water pressure gradient in the surrounding soil and accelerates the consolidation.
ELASTO-PLASTIC ANALYSIS FOR DISPLACEMENTS OF GRANULAR PILE ANCHORS (GPA) IN NON-HOMOGENOUS GROUND B. Vidyaranya; M. R. Madhav; M. Kumar
Lowland Technology International Vol 11 No 2, Dec (2009)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Granular piles improve the behavior of the soil by increasing bearing capacity, accelerate consolidation, reduce settlements, and mitigate liquefaction related damages by reinforcement and densification effects. Granular piles can be made to resist pullout or uplift forces by placing an anchor at the base and attaching the same by a cable or rod to the footing to transfer the applied pullout forces to the bottom of the GP termed Granular Pile Anchor (GPA). The elasto-plastic response of GPA in non-homogenous ground is presented considering the shear stress at the interface to be limited to the undrained strength of the soil.
IDENTIFYING SEEPAGE IN DITCHES AND CANALS IN POLDERS IN THE NETHERLANDS BY DISTRIBUTED TEMPERATURE SENSING O. A. C. Hoes; W. M. J. Luxemburg; M. C. Westhof; N. C. van de Giesen; J. Selker
Lowland Technology International Vol 11 No 2, Dec (2009)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Seepage in ditches and canals, a common feature in polders in The Netherlands, is investigated making use of temperature sensing by fiber optic cable. By its high spatial and temporal resolution capabilities the technique reveals the complex ensemble of all effects that define the water temperature on the bottom of the watercourses in three polders where a 1300 m long cable was located. From the temperature signature the location of suspected seepage zones in the water courses can be determined more precisely. The study shows that the sensing of seepage through temperature is time dependent as the signature can temporarily fade and can be extremely localized. This shows the potential for the applied technique.
MODELLING THE EFFECT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON THE NUTRIENT TRANSFER IN THE RED RIVER BASIN (VIETNAM): PRESENT SITUATION AND PROSPECTIVE SCENARIOS FOR THE NEXT 50 YEARS T. P. Q. Le; J. Garnier; G. Billen; S. Thery; T. T. Duong
Lowland Technology International Vol 11 No 2, Dec (2009)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

The Red River (Vietnam and China), which covers a watershed area of 156451 km2 with a total population near 30 million inhabitants, is one of the two largest rivers in Vietnam. The backbone of this work consisted in implementing the Seneque/Riverstrahler software which was successfully applied for the first time to a tropical river system as the Red River for assessing the link between human activity in the watershed and water quality of this river system. The first application of this model to the Red River system is described and validated with the data acquired by the monthly surveys of water quality at the outlet of the 3 sub-basins and in the main branch of the Red River during the years 2003 and 2004. After being validated, the model is used to explore a variety of scenarios describing possible future changes, concerning the hydrological management, population increase and land use and agricultural practices in the Red River basin in the next 50 years. The results show a clear increase of the N/P ratios is predicted for the 2050 scenario with respect to the 2003 situation, along with a clear decrease of the Si/N ratios at the outlet of the Red River.
RESIDENTIAL ENVIRONMENT EVALUATION SYSTEM CONSIDERING ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL LOAD FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT X.-Y. Luo; Yanyan .; J. Ge
Lowland Technology International Vol 11 No 2, Dec (2009)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Residential environment is one of the most important elements for quality of life, as well as the main support for the activities of economy, culture and society. On the other hand, the improvement of residential environment quality also has been increasing the consumption of energy and emission of pollution. In this paper, we established a systematic methodology for the evaluation of sustainable residential environment, considering both residential environmental quality (Q) and residential environmental load (L). The part of Q is constructed by safety, healthy, amenity, convenience and community of residential environment. The part of L is about the environmental impact of the lifecycle of the housing and community. We hope the results of our study can contribute to the sustainable development and improvement of urban residential environment for rapidly developing China.
SOIL / WATER COUPLED ANALYSIS FOR CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT OF HIGHWAY EMBANKMENTS ON SOFT CLAY T. Takeyama; T. Ishigaki; T. Mizuta; H. Ohta
Lowland Technology International Vol 11 No 2, Dec (2009)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

In the limited budget of highway construction, it is necessary to carry out the construction management which systematically utilizes management resources. This paper presents the applicability of soil / water coupled FE analysis for use in construction management of highway embankment on soft clay. At the first stage of analysis, the computer simulations of existing highway embankments on soft marine clay are conducted to verify their predictability. The constitutive model used in the analysis is an elasto-viscoplastic model proposed by Sekiguchi and Ohta (1977). At the second stage, the simulations of construction sequences, as case studies, with slow to fast banking rates are trialed to find better alternatives. It is a main point of the proposal to perform a construction management by fully utilizing the result of simulations for checking the stability of the foundation during construction.
SOIL-WATER COUPLED ANALYSIS OF LOW LAND WIDESPREAD SUBSIDENCE DUE TO DEWATERING K. Kaneda; H. Yamazaki
Lowland Technology International Vol 11 No 2, Dec (2009)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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A series of numerical simulations of land subsidence due to dewatering were performed based on the soilwater coupled finite deformation analysis using the SYS Cam-Clay model under plane-strain conditions. The simulations showed that after land subsidence, the ground may be fragile in the event of additional loading due to disturbance of the soil structure. Ground settlement occurs with cyclic variation in ground water level, assumed to be seasonal, due to a history of water level change from extraction. Such behavior is the result of soil disturbance that occurs due to decay of the soil structure, resulting in the softening of soils through plastic volume compression.
THE SOCIAL COST OF TRAFFIC CONGESTION AIR POLLUTION (A CASE STUDY ON AHMAD YANI STREET, SURABAYA) A. Wicaksono
Lowland Technology International Vol 11 No 2, Dec (2009)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

At present, Indonesia is facing several problems related with transportation system, especially highway transportation system. The increase of population, followed by the increase of income per capita has caused a significant increase in the growth of motor vehicles in Indonesia, especially that of motorcycles which is very high. Ahmad Yani street is one of Surabaya City’s main entry access roads, of which the traffic burden is the highest. This traffic congestion surely causes high air pollution along the street. Therefore, a study on estimating social cost of air pollution caused by the densely motor vehicle traffic in Ahmad Yani street is considered necessary. The objectives of this study are not only (a) to analyse the peak-hour traffic performance, but also (b) to estimate the cost of air pollution caused by the emmision of motor vehicles in Ahmad Yani street. In this reserach, the methodology of Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual is used to analyse the traffic performance. Due to the inavailabity of Indonesian method, a US method is adopted to estimate the quantity of emission and the cost of air pollution. The cost of air pollution is measured based on the journey length and the average vehicle speed. The result of study shows that traffic congestion is very high in the morning peak hours (07.00-09.00) and is almost evenly happens along the Ahmad Yani street; at some points it even reaches the F level of service. Further result shows that the highest air pollution based on the journey length happens in segment III (GIANT Mall) on Thursday (May, 24th 2007; 07.00-09.00) reaching a cost of Rp. 246,575,690.-. The average vehicle speed is the highest in segment II (DOLOG Office) on Monday (May, 21th 2007; 07.00-09.00) reaching a cost of Rp. 254.431.756,-. In the case of segment II, if it is estimated that the ideal condition is the average speed of 40 kph (max speed allowed inside the city based on traffic law) then the cost of air pollution is Rp. 116.875.678,-, therefore the difference is Rp. 137.556.078,-. This implies that about Rp. 500 billion is needed annually for a one-way traffic. It is recommended that utilizing several measures in traffic management, such as road pricing, traffic divertion and frontage road development is necessary for the reduction of the cost of air pollution.
THE TIDAL/DIURNAL CYCLES OF THE NUTRIENTS EVOLUTION FOR MICROPHYTOBENTHOS ACTIVITY J-H. Lim; S. N. Longphuirt; A. Leynaert; P. Claquin; C-H. Koh; B-O. Kwon; S. An
Lowland Technology International Vol 11 No 2, Dec (2009)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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The objectives of this study were to investigate, the evolution of porewater nutrients in intertidal sediments over tidal and diurnal cycles, and the concentrations of nutrients to which the microphytobenthos are exposed during their vertical migration in the sediment. While porewater concentrations and their oscillation over tidal cycles have previously been measured, in our study we have included a high sampling frequency (2 hours) over a 2 day period. The tidal/diurnal cycle of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (nitrate+nitrite, ammonium), microphytobenthic biomass (Chl-a) and environmental parameters (temperature, light intensity, water depth) were studied on an intertidal flat in the Nakdong River estuary. We showed clear evolutions in the two nutrients which were significantly linked to the tidal cycle. Nitrate+nitrite showed an increasing trend in all depths during submersion periods, in contrast ammonium decreased, this resulted from the varying influence of diffusion and advection of overlying water. The microphytobenthos showed a normal migratory rhythm linked to the tidal cycle. Our result suggests that the evolution of porewater nutrients is mainly influenced by tidal cycle and the MPB activity may influence the nutrients evolution during emersion periods.

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