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Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J)
Published by TALENTA PUBLISHER
ISSN : 26860848     EISSN : 26860848     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32734
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Focus and Scope Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHSJ) provides a forum for publishing the full research articles in the area of Neurosurgery and Health related to topics from the following subject areas: Neuro-Anatomy Neuro-Physiology Neuro-oncology Neuro-Spine Neuro-Pediatric Neuro-Trauma Neuro-Vascular Neuro-Fungsional Basic Science Biomoleculer in Neurology Radiology in Neurosurgery
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Neurologi Klinis
Articles 95 Documents
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Penetrating Brain Injury in Children Ula, Mutammamin; Dharmajaya, Ridha
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2019): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhs-j.v1i2.3242

Abstract

Background: Accidental penetrating brain injury through supraorbital route is an unusual occurrence in emergency practice of civilian cases. At time, it could be potentially life threatening. We report an interesting case of supraorbital penetrating brain injury with an iron stick in a 12-year-old female patient. The stick was removed successfully through supraorbital exploration, without any neurovascular complications. Case Report: A 12-year-old female presented to our emergency department with injury to his right eye. History revealed that she was practicing marching band in her school as the leader. As she thrown the iron stick, she lost balance and that iron stick entered into her right supraorbital. Her Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, on admission, was 15. There was circumferential laceration on the right supraorbital, flat margins, visible iron stick penetration with diameter 3 cm but no active bleeding was found. Rest of the physical and neurological examination findings were within normal limits. He was resuscitated promptly according to the advanced trauma life support system. Discussion: Intravenous fluids are given and efforts are taken to maintain high blood oxygen levels.Management of patients with transorbital brain injuries and foreign bodies in situ should follow basic surgical principles, including removal of the object under direct vision in order to reduce further brain tissue damage by the foreign bodies catching on bone fragments. Following removal of the foreign body, thorough debridement with removal of all involved skull bone and foreign materials, hematoma evacuation followed by careful hemostasis along the trajectory, and meticulous dural closure to reduce the possibility of CSF fistula are mandatory. A transorbital or transcranial approach can be chosen depending on the location of the fragment. Conclusion: In conclusion, supraorbital penetrating brain injury caused by an iron stick is a rare but fatal event. High index of suspicion toward the presence of foreign bodies and emergent surgical intervention is to be considered in spite of consistent lack of evidence on CT scan. Retrieval should be performed on the operating table under direct vision only after preoperative imaging of neurovascular structures. Keyword: Penetrating brain injury, Iron Stick
Penetrating Wooden Injury : Wooden Stick Siregar, Rais; Dharmajaya, Ridha; Mahyudanil
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2019): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhs-j.v1i2.3244

Abstract

Background : Accidental penetrating brain injury is relatively uncommon representing about 0.4% of all head injuries. Penetrating brain injury (PBI) were divided into Missile and Non missile penetrating head injuries (NPHIs). Non missile penetrating head injuries (NPHIs) are relatively rare compared with missile injuries. Wooden Penetrating Brain Injury is one of Non missile penetrating head injuries (NPHIs) Case Report : 20-year-old male presented with Decreased of Conciousness. History revealed that he was riding motorcycle and had an crash injury with other motorcycle rider from a head. He fell down and a broken wooden stick entered into his skull. Airway was clear, Breathing was spontan and respiratory rate 26 per minutes, Circulatory finding were warm skin, pulse rate of 118 per minute and blood pressure of 140/80 mm Hg, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score on admission was E3M5V4. Radiology Imaging finding a foreign body in Left Frontal Lobe. Discussion : Wooden Penetrating Brain Injury was Nonmissile penetrating head injuries (NPHIs). The pathophysiology is similar to closed head injuries causing cerebral contusion or intracranial hemorrhage, but there is more chance of infection. Primary survey and stabilization of the patient with regard to the airway, breathing, cervical spine, and circulation including external hemorrhage. Computed tomography (CT) scanning of the head is primary modality . MRI can be a useful neuroradiologic modality if a penetrating object is a wood. Patient was performed Craniectomy Debridement and was treated with triple antibiotic regiment. Conclusion : The management of PBI differs considerably from nonpenetrating brain injury because of the unique mechanism of injury and pathophysiology involved in this type of trauma In this patient surgical treatment was undergoing after 12 h. Patient was treated with triple antibiotic regiment and was discharged on 7th day post operation. The recovery of the patient went uneventfull. Patient gained back his conciousness without any neurological deficit. Key words : Penetrating Brain Injury, Nonmissile, Wooden stick
Relationship Between Waist Circumference with Frequency of Attack and Pain Intensity in Malaysian Students Who Have Migraine Muhammad Nazrul Mohd Nasir
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhs-j.v2i1.3299

Abstract

Background: Obesity can be intergreted as an excessive accumulation of body fat which leads to health problems, including migraine. Obesity is associated with the metabolic syndrome, a pro-inflammatory, pro-thrombotic state that may contribute to headache development and progression. Stimulation of trigeminal nociceptor induced the release of pro inflammation substances especially calsitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP) and P substance. Those substances are found higher in migraine and obesity person. Neurogenic inflammation state was known has a big role on migraine pain. To evaluate the relationship between waist circumference with frequencies and pain intensity in Malaysian students with migraine at the University of Sumatera Utara. Method: Observational analytic with cross sectional approach. A sample of 94 people was taken based on the total sampling technique. The data obtained are presented in tabular form and then analyzed using the Chi-square Test. Result: Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate with the Chi-square test. From 77 subjects of the study consisting of 11 people with migraine aura and 66 people with migraine without aura. Most of the study samples were female (77.9%) and an average age of 20.97 years. The majority of race obtained was Malay (50.6%), BMI whose majority was normal (58.4%). From a 11 people with migraine aura, 7 of them had normal waist circumference and of 66 people with migraine without aura 40 of them had normal waist circumference. From Univariate and Bivariate analysis showed no significant relationship between waist circumference with the frequency of migraine attacks (p = 0.489) and there was no significant relationship between waist circumference and the intensity of migraine pain (p = 0.245). Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between waist circumference with the frequency of attacks and pain intensity in Malaysian students who experience migraine.
The Effect of Black Cumin On Body Weight, OAE Examination and Histopathology of Organ Corti Male White Rats Inducted by Streptomycin Roslan, Muhammad Zhariff
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhs-j.v2i1.3459

Abstract

Introduction: Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside type of antibiotics. It is used as a first line treatment for tuberculosis (TB). Streptomycin also cause ototoxicity to its long term user as a fatal side effect. Black cumin (N. sativa) is an herbal plant that is widely consumed and contains thymoquinine as an active compound. Thymoquinine can reduce oxidative stress and increase antioxidant defences in the body. The objecive is to evaluate the relationship and differences of administration of black cumin (N. sativa) to body weight, optoacoustic emission test and the degree of the Organ  Corti damage induced by streptomycin in Wistar rats using histopathological examination. Method: In-vivo experimental method using 25 wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) with 5 treatments group, group K0(control), P1 (Streptomycin 20mg/kgBW/day IM), P2 (Streptomycin IM with low-dose black cumin), P3 (Streptomycin IM with medium-dose black cumin), P4 Streptomycin IM with high-dose black cumin). The experiment was conducted as a post-test only experimental group design and assessed body weight, SNR values on OAE examination and the degree of damage through Haematoxylin-eosin staining histopathological examination.  Result: There were no significant differences in post-experimental weight (p> 0.05) with a p-value: 0.549 between every group (K0 to P4) and there were significant differences between SNR values in OAE examination and the degree of damage to Organ of Corti between every group (p<0.005) with a p: 0.000. There was a strong relationship between OAE examination and the degree of damage to Organ of Corti with p-value: 0.001 and r-value: 0.635. There was a moderate relationship between the treatment group and the degree of Organ Corti damage with p-value: 0.036 and r-value: 0.421. There were also no relationship between body weight and the degree of Organ Corti damage (p: 0.725), between the OAE treatment and treatment groups (p: 0.780), between the treatment group and body weight (p: 0.491) and between body weight and OAE examination (p: 0.465).  Conclusion: The hypothesis is proven on the strong relationship between OAE examination and degree of Organ Corti damage and also on the moderate relationship between treatment groups and the degree of Organ Corti damage
Correlation Between Epidural Hematoma Volume in Temporal Region with Glasgow Coma Scale on Patients with Head Injury at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan in the year of 2018 Pandiangan, Ruth Jean Tri Apriliyanty
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhs-j.v2i1.3559

Abstract

Epidural hematoma (EDH) is the type of intracranial haemorrhage due to head injury that occur most frequently. EDH volume usually stable and can reach the maximum volume in only a few minutes or hours after traumatized. EDH being attentive to the clinicians and researchers because of the enforcement diagnosis that is relatively easy and the rate of success in operation is quite high and EDH located in temporal region contributed to increasing the mortality due to respiratory arrest from uncal herniation because of brainstem compression. Measuring degrees severity EDH the most common and much worn in international is glasgow coma scale (GCS) because it has a high level of validity; reliability, sensitivity and specificity. This research was conducted to see correlation between EDH volume in temporal region with GCS in patients with head injury. Research conducted is analytic observation with cross-sectional approached study. The study sample is 45 epidural hematoma patients in temporal region at productive age (18-59 years) who had diagnosed and got the best act of resuscitating to know the score GCS at H. Adam Malik General Hospital in 2018 who had met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The technique of taking data is consecutive sampling from medical record. Statistically there are negative relations between GCS to the volume of EDH patients based on the results of the CT scan (p<0,001, CI 95 %) with the 0,619 relations that is indicative of the strength of the relations which is very strong.
Relationship Between The Number of Cigarettes Per Day and Caffeine Intake on Headache Intensity in Faculty of Medicine Student Batch 2016 of Universitas Sumatera Utara Roslan, Muhammad Zhariff
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhs-j.v2i1.3687

Abstract

Introduction: Headache is pain or discomfort in all areas of the head. Based on the causes, headache can be classified as primary headaches and secondary headaches. Headache can be caused by several factors such as hormones, nutrition, weather, stress, pressure, emotional, sensory problems (cigarette smoke, perfume, etc.), lack of sleep, excessive sleep, fatigue and physical activity. Cigarette smoke contains dangerous substances such as nicotine, which can cause blood vessels to become vasoconstrictive and cause headaches. Caffeine can also cause headaches. Caffeine can be consumed instead of coffee, energy drinks, cocoa and soft drinks. The aim was to determine the relationship of smoking and caffeine consumption to the intensity of headache in the 2016 USU FK whip students. Method: Analytical research methods, with cross-sectional research design on students of the 2016 University of North Sumatra School of Medicine. The study population was 227 students of the 2016 Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra. The sampling method of this study was total sampling, taking the entire population of the Batch 2016 Faculty of Medicine students. All subjects were asked to fill out a questionnaire about the identity, smoking rate, level of caffeine consumption, intensity and headache frequency determined using NRS. Data analysis was made with SPSS and tested using a correlation test. Result: Data were analyzed with the Spearman correlation test. The results show 86 respondents are male respondent (38.1%). The female respondents were 140 respondents (61.9%). This makes women the majority gender in this study. Then, the average age value was 21.01 ± 0.048. It was found that Batak tribe respondents had the largest population, as many as 112 respondents (49.6%). Meanwhile the Minang tribe is the least populous population of 5 respondents (2.2%). Found respondents that smoke are 32 respondents (14.2%). Then found respondents that did not smoke are194 respondents (85.8%). 204 respondents consumed caffeine were around 90.3% and 22 respondents that did not consume caffeine which is about 9.7%. Spearman correlation analysis test showed no significant relationship between the number of cigarettes per day and the intensity of headache (p = 0.624) and there was a significant relationship between caffeine intake and headache intensity (p = <0.001).  Conclusion: There is no relationship between the number of cigarettes per day to the headache intensity in the 2016 Faculty of Medicine students of University of North Sumatra. But there is a relationship between the number of cups of caffeine per week to headache intensity in the 2016 Faculty of Medicine students of the University of North Sumatra.
Anatomy Variation of Ruptured Anterior Communicating Artery (AcoA) Aneurysm : Serial Cases Irsyad, Muhammad Ari; Nasution, Iskandar; Tala, Muhammad Ihsan Zulkarnain
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhsj.v2i2.4292

Abstract

Introduction : Intracranial aneurysms (IA) is an acquired disease characterized by dilatation of intracranial arteries, and is usually found at the location of arterial branches in the cranii base region. The selection of management and anatomic variations is quite interesting to be discussed in the case of aneurysms. Cases Report : Four cases of AcoA aneurysm were reported with variations in clinical manifestations, A1 segment anatomy, fundal projections and management considerations (Coiling vs. Clipping). This case series illustrates the compatibility with previous case studies that have existed. Discussion : The author concludes that the actions taken in cases I, II and III are in the form of coiling due to age, dome and neck ratio and access to perform such difficult surgical procedures. In case IV , it was considered to be performed surgical clipping action due to the presence of intracerebal hemoraghic, and the approach can be done from a non dominant hemisphere, proximal control only through the right carotid and the location of the posterior dome which was favorable for surgical clipping Conclusion : Aneurysms from the ACA-anterior communicating artery (ACoA) complex are some of the most complex lesions in the field of vascular neurosurgery. This location is where most rupture aneurysms occured with high mortalities due to complications of vasospasm and SAH. The choice of management in aneurysm cases which involved many factors such as age and anatomic variations.  
A Case Report : Massive Subdural Empyema Following Ventriculo-Peritoneal Shunt Placement in Child Patient Lizen, Nindi; Mouza, Abdurrahman
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhsj.v2i2.4337

Abstract

Background: Subdural empyema is a critical neurosurgical condition that arise from neurosurgical procedures, trauma, meningitis, sinusitis, or otogenic infection. Reported mortality rates vary from 4.4% to 24%. Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement is one of the most common procedures and reported rates for shunt infections are relatively high. However, their association with subdural empyema is rare. Case Report: One years old boy who presented with fever, lethargy, and inability to walk was admitted to the hospital. He was undergone Vp-shunt 1 month ago because of hydrocephalus. At the time of admission, the child was alert, had a moderate right hemiparesis, and a macrocephalic appearance. An emergency CT scan showed well-circumscribed subdural empyema. Discussion: A craniotomy was performed, then thick fibrous capsule underlying the dura mater was encountered, finally the pus was totally removed. Postoperatively, he was fully alert with a marked motoric improvement. Diplococus gram positive was found. The patient was given appropriate antibiotic treatment for 3 weeks periode. Conclusion: Subdural empyema is an unusual complication of a VP-shunt. Although rare in children, it is still a neurosurgical problem. The combination of medication and surgery treatment in Subdural empyema resulted in a good response.
Long Term Post Traumatic High Flow Carotid Cavernous Fistula with Patent Collateral Vessel : A Case Report Farhan, Luthfy; Dharmajaya, Ridha
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhsj.v2i2.4338

Abstract

Introduction : A carotid-cavernous sinus fistula (CCF) is an abnormal communication between arteries and veins within the cavernous sinus. Carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is a very rare case it's difficult to diagnose. because most CCF patients rarely come for treatment. Case Report : A 33-year-old male presented with history of protrusion of Left eye ball, and double vision for the last 2 years. visual disturbances were found in the right eye for 2 years, blurry vision is increasingly. Bruit was audible in orbital region on the left side. DSA showed that there was a fistula in the left sinus cavernous region, the arteries in the left area showed inadequate to direct the left hemisphere, but in the right arety showed that the right artery was adversely affected right and left brain. Discussion : Traumatic CCFs are the most common type, accounting for up to 75% of all CCFs.87 They have been reported to occur in 0.2% of patients with craniocerebral trauma and in up to 4% of patients who sustain a basilar skull fractur.2 The symptoms and signs of CCF always include eyelid swelling, proptosis, chemosis, and hyperaemia, dilated of vessel and the condition is commonly misdiagnosed as Graves’ophthal-mopathy or inflammatory conjunctivitis.3Cerebral angiography is the gold standard for the definitive diagnosis, classification, and planning of endovascular intervention in CCFs. Angiographic results in this patient showed a fistula in the left cavernous sinus and inadequate supply of the left artery to the left hemisphere. Conclusion : This case is very unique because the left brain gets blood supply from the right carotid system, with the left carotid artery system inadequate to direct the left hemisphere because of the carotid cavernous fistula on the left side
Giant Olfactory Groove Meningioma in Pregnancy Hutagalung, Tommy Rizky; Faisal; Dharmajaya, Ridha
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhsj.v2i2.4359

Abstract

Introduction: Meningioma is slow growing neoplasm cells that comes from arachnoid cap most common benign intracranial tumours. Olfactory groove meningiomas (OGM) account for 8–13% of all intracranial meningiomas. Intracranial tumors on pregnancy is a rare event, with few reports. Case Presentation: A 36-year-old- female (G11P9A1) 34 gestational week presented to the Adam Malik General Hospital with smelling disturbances for 6 months and lossing smelling sense in the past 1 month. Slowly progression of vision disturbances for 3 months without improvement in using glasses, progressive loss of vision in both eyes for the past 1 month. CT scan and MRI revealead a solid mass lesion, with 6.3 x 4.2 x 3.1 cm. It was a supratentorial in frontal region, olfactory groove mass. The Craniotomy tumor removal was performed in this patient. Discussion: Meningiomas are mostly silent brain tumors with slow growth, however may get detected and mostly become symptomatic during pregnancy and luteal phase of menstrual cycle due to increase in size secondary to either water retention, enhanced vascularity or progesterones are possible etiologies. The majority of meningiomas express progesterone reseptor, which can be detected also by immunohistochemistry. In fact, tumour growth when progesterone concentrations are higher, shows the role of sex hormones in the mechanism. Regardless of the status of pregnancy, symptomatic and large meningiomas require surgical resection. Conclusion: Changes of plasma concentration hormones during pregnancy and their effect on meningioma growth in the second and third trimester are crucial and critical. The management of brain lesions during pregnancy required professional collaboration between neurosurgeons, obstetricians and anesthesiologists.

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