Tropical Health and Medical Research Journal
Tropical Health and Medical Research is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that publishing only original research on all aspects of tropical medicine and global health especially health related to the Muslim community. Journal content including viral, bacterial and parasitic infectious diseases, Vectors, Noncommunicable diseases, Epidemiology and population health, Drug, vaccine and diagnostic tool development, Other health issues related to the Muslim community
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82 Documents
<![CDATA[Garlic Extract (Allium sativum L.) Effectively Inhibits Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by Invitro Test ]]>
<![CDATA[Agnina Listya Anggraini]]>;
<![CDATA[Ratih Dewi Dwiyanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Anny Thuraidah]]>
<![CDATA[ Tropical Health and Medical Research Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Tropical Health and Medical Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Baiman Bauntung Batuah Center ]]>
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DOI: 10.35916/thmr.v0i0.22
<![CDATA[Infection is a disease caused by the presence of pathogenic microbes, including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has chemical contents such as allicin, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids, which can function as an antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This study aims to determine the antibacterial properties of garlic extract powder against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This research is the initial stage of the development of herbal medicines to treat Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli infections. The antibacterial activity test was carried out by the liquid dilution method. The concentrations used were 30 mg/mL, 40 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL, 60 mg/mL and 70 mg/mL. The results showed that the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was 40 mg/mL and 50 mg / mL. Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) results for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are 50 mg/mL and 70 mg/mL. Based on the Simple Linear Regression test, the R2 value of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli is 0.545 and 0.785, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of garlic extract powder on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by 54.5% and 78.5%. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) extract powder has potential as herbal medicine against bacterial infections but requires further research to determine its effect in vivo.]]>
<![CDATA[Ethanol Extract Of Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban Leaves Effectively Inhibit Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Invitro Test ]]>
<![CDATA[Dini Aulia Azmi]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurlailah Nurlailah]]>;
<![CDATA[Ratih Dewi Dwiyanti]]>
<![CDATA[ Tropical Health and Medical Research Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Tropical Health and Medical Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Baiman Bauntung Batuah Center ]]>
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DOI: 10.35916/thmr.v0i0.23
<![CDATA[Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are some of the causes of infectious diseases. Centella asiatica (L.) Urban has many benefits for humans, including overcoming fever, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory. This study aims to determine the inhibition of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban leaves ethanol extract on the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This research is the initial stage of the development of herbal medicines to treat Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. The independent variable was the concentration of ethanol extract of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban leaves and the dependent variable was the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The anti-bacterial activity test was carried out by the liquid dilution method. The concentrations used are 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%. 100% The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Streptococcus pyogenes: 40% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: 40%. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) results for Streptococcus pyogenes: 60% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: 60%. So it can be concluded that there is inhibition of the ethanol extract of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban leaves on the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban extract has potential as herbal medicine against bacterial infections but requires further research to determine its effect in vivo.]]>
<![CDATA[Renal Tubular Dysfunction Linked to Tenofovir in Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Patients ]]>
<![CDATA[Renato Ferneda de Souza]]>;
<![CDATA[Fernando Gongora Rubio]]>
<![CDATA[ Tropical Health and Medical Research Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Tropical Health and Medical Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Baiman Bauntung Batuah Center ]]>
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DOI: 10.35916/thmr.v0i0.24
<![CDATA[Introduction: tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) has low general toxicity and can lead to moderate reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and a larger prevalence of renal tubular dysfunction (RTD). The mechanism of RTD has been attributed to the mitocondrial lesion in the proximal tubule cells caused by the increase of the intracelular TDF concentration. Aditionaly, host´s genetic polymorphisms have been considered one of the TDF concentration increasing causes. RTD can be characterized by the deficiency in the solutes reabsorption as bicarbonate, uric acid, phosphate, glucose and low weight molecular proteins. Objectives: verify the prevalence of renal tubular dysfunction in the people living with HIV (PLWH) on TDF treatment, identify the risk factors associated and compare the 24-hours urine findings with the serum creatinine and its calculated clearance for the RTD identification. Methods: prospective case control study, performed between january 2011 to december 2015. Results: 163 patients were included in the study, in which 106 (68.4%) didn't use TDF and 57 (31.6%) used TDF. RTD occured in 8 patients that used TDF, a prevalence of 14%. The patients age was identified as significant risk factor for the development of RTD. Proteinuria and the phosphaturia were significant for the diagnosis of RTD. Conclusions: age was determined as risk factor for RTD, mainly in patients over 60 years-old. Phosphaturia and proteinuria showed the greatest diagnosis sensitivity for RTD. The serum creatinine and phosphorus concentration, the creatinine clearance and the stand alone hyperproteinuria should not be used as diagnosis predictors for RTD.]]>
<![CDATA[Awareness of Pregnant Women for COVID-19 Infection ]]>
<![CDATA[Erhan Okuyan]]>;
<![CDATA[Emre Gunakan]]>;
<![CDATA[Sertaç Esin]]>
<![CDATA[ Tropical Health and Medical Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Health and Medical Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Baiman Bauntung Batuah Center ]]>
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DOI: 10.35916/thmr.v0i0.28
<![CDATA[Covid outbreak has been getting worse and spread affected all over the world. Pregnant patients are also vulnerable to respiratory diseases. We aimed to evaluate the awareness, emotional status, and behavior of pregnant during the COVID outbreak. This study's main benefit is to analyze the knowledge and understanding of pregnant women about the pandemic and draw attention to the prevention issues that need improvement. This research is a prospective observational study that 199 patients subjected to a questionnaire including 29 questions about patient characteristics, pregnancy information, knowledge about COVID19-infection, behavioral and emotional changes. 130 (65.3) of the patients stated an above-average knowledge level. Television was the most frequent information source (75.4%, n:150) and was the only information source for 90 (45.1%) of the patients. Sixty-nine patients used more than one information source. More than one prevention method uses by 149 (75%) of the patients. Washing hands (n:183, 92.0%) and cleaning the house (n:122, 61.3%) were the most preferred methods. Only 55 (27.6%) of the patients used a mask for prevention. 88(44.2%) of the patients stated that they preferred a shorter hospital stay, and 75 (37.7%) of the patients indicated that they postponed or avoided the pregnancy follow-up visits due to the COVID-19 issue. Pregnant women seem to be aware and stressed of COVID-19, but knowledge of what to do seems insufficient. Patients informed of risks of COVID infection, unplanned hospital admission, and chances of avoiding necessary visits and home birth demands.]]>
<![CDATA[Morphological Alterations of the Rat Testicles Following Administration of Graded Doses of Leaves of Guava (Psidium guajava Linn.) Aqueous Extract ]]>
<![CDATA[Kom-Abasi Daniel Etim]]>;
<![CDATA[Ubi Essien Isaac]]>;
<![CDATA[Anozeng Oyono Igiri]]>
<![CDATA[ Tropical Health and Medical Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Health and Medical Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Baiman Bauntung Batuah Center ]]>
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DOI: 10.35916/thmr.v0i0.29
<![CDATA[The current study design to assess the dose-response effect of administering an aqueous extract of guava leaves on the microstructure of the testicles due to the growing use of this plant in complementary and alternative medicine practice. Twenty-four male albino Wistar rats with an average body weight of 160 g apportion to four groups (n=6 each). Group, I served as the control and received distilled water; group II gave a lower dose of 500 mg/kg body weight of guava leaf extract; group III received a medium dose of 750 mg/kg; while group IV administer a higher amount of 1000 mg/kg per day. Treatments were given once daily by gavage and lasted for 14 days, while the stock solution prepares by dissolving 50 g of the extract in 30 ml of water. The cervical dislocation method used to euthanize the rats, dissect the abdominopelvic region to obtain tissue specimens from the testes for histological processing. The outcome exhibited the extract to cause moderate to severe (dose-dependent) morphological alterations with the seminiferous tubules' fibrotic appearance, strict spermatogenic arrest, and necrosis of both the interstitial cells of Leydig and the Sertoli cells. The ingestion of guava leaves at the investigated concentration and doses is harmful to the testicle, the primary reproductive organ in males. It should therefore be consumed with caution when being used primarily in folklore-traditional medicine.]]>
<![CDATA[Outcome Analysis Following Microvascular Free Gracilis Muscle Transfer for Multi-Vector Facial Reanimation ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhammad Izzuddin Hamzan]]>;
<![CDATA[Mior Faiq Abu Tahrin]]>;
<![CDATA[Wan Azman Wan Sulaiman]]>
<![CDATA[ Tropical Health and Medical Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Health and Medical Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Baiman Bauntung Batuah Center ]]>
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DOI: 10.35916/thmr.v3i1.32
<![CDATA[The purpose of this research to address objective excursion and symmetry results from a series of free gracilis muscle transfer (FGMT) cases and examine the predictive intraoperative number of vectors anchored during flap inset on outcomes. A retrospective analysis performs by data retrieved from the HUSM Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery OR Registry from January 2005 to June 2019. All patients who reported facial nerve palsy were recorded and re-evaluated. All characteristics in interest were epidemiologically tabulated and analyzed in detail. Subsequently, outcome assessment was performed to look for facial symmetry and smile excursion compared to the healthy side of the face—this study exempted by the Institutional Review Board of the Hospital of University of Sciences Malaysia. Out of 12 patients diagnosed with facial palsy, four patients underwent static facial reanimation. Eight patients underwent a dynamic facial reanimation, with 4 of them completed two stages of cross-facial nerve grafting (CFNG) and free gracilis muscle transfer (FGMT). One of the FGMTs patients had missed a follow-up. The mean age was 20 (range 11 to 30), one patient was male, and two were female. The mean duration for follow-up was 69 months. The mean duration of operating time was 8.67 hours. All operations without complication, and there was no microvascular re-exploration. Smile excursion and angle excursion at smile improved following FGMT. Association between the number of vectors anchored during flap inset to the outcome were identified. Dynamic facial reanimation using FGMT still the gold standard of treatment, which provides an excellent quantifiable improvement in oral commissure excursion and facial symmetry with smiling. The use of multivector gracilis flap was suggestive to associate with the good outcome on excursion and symmetrical of the smile.]]>
<![CDATA[Utilization of Health Facilities by Pregnant Women at Pekauman Community Health Center, Banjarmasin, Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Vonny Khresna Dewi]]>;
<![CDATA[Rita Kirana]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Mukhtar]]>
<![CDATA[ Tropical Health and Medical Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Health and Medical Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Baiman Bauntung Batuah Center ]]>
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DOI: 10.35916/thmr.v0i0.33
<![CDATA[The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the use of government health facilities with predisposing factors (preference and self-efficacy) and reinforcing factors (support) in pregnant women. This survey research with a cross-sectional study design was conducted in the Pekauman Community Health Center's working area in Banjarmasin, Indonesia, with 125 respondents who had babies aged ? six months who lived in the Pekauman Community Health Center's working area who visited the integrated service post in August 2017. The analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test. The results of the study 89 respondents (71.2%) made use of antenatal care facilities; 92 respondents (73.6%) chose health facilities; 88 respondents (70, 4%) have high self-efficacy; 78 respondents (62.4%) received support (family, friends, social groups). This research concludes that there is a relationship between the preferences of pregnant women (p= 0.025) with the use of antenatal services in government health facilities; There was no relationship between self-efficacy (p= 0.096); there is no relationship between family support, friends, social groups (p= 0.227) with the use of antenatal care for pregnant women in government health facilities. It is suggested to conduct further research on the relationship between antenatal services for pregnant women in government health facilities with the completeness of health facilities and the level of respondent satisfaction.]]>
<![CDATA[Intrauterine Insemination Success Rates Between Patients TSH Level of 2.5 mIU/L and 2.5-4.5 mIU/L ]]>
<![CDATA[Gizem Berfin Uluutku]]>;
<![CDATA[Basak Ergin]]>;
<![CDATA[İbrahim Kale]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahime Nida Bayık]]>
<![CDATA[ Tropical Health and Medical Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Health and Medical Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Baiman Bauntung Batuah Center ]]>
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DOI: 10.35916/thmr.v3i1.38
<![CDATA[The aim of this study to assess whether there is a need to decrease the TSH level below 2.5 mIU/L in unexplainable infertility patients who were undergoing intrauterine insemination and determining the difference between patients with a TSH level of 2.5 mIU / L and patients with a TSH level of 2.5-4.5 mIU/L in terms of the success of intrauterine insemination. This study conduct via cross-sectional examinations of the 272 patients who applied to Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital infertility outpatient clinic between 01.06.2017-01.10.2019, who underwent intrauterine insemination with the diagnosis of unexplained infertility. Results research the mean age of the cases participating in our study is 31.65 ± 5.28, and the mean BMI measured as 24.17 ± 4.30 kg / m2. TSH values range from 0.3 to 5.2, with an average of 1.84 ± 0.93; while TSH value of 174 cases (77.3%) is below 2.5 mIU/L, TSH value of 51 cases (22.7%) is between 2.5-4.5mIU/L. Within the control group with TSH <2.5 mIU/L, the cycle was canceled in 13 cases (7.5%), pregnancy did not occur in 143 cases (82.2%). While ongoing pregnancy was achieved in 17 cases (9.8%), clinical pregnancy was achieved in 1 case (0,6%). Also, within the study group with a TSH value of 2.5-4.5 mIU/L, cycles were canceled in 7 cases (13.7%), pregnancy did not occur in 40 cases (78.4%), and ongoing pregnancy was achieved in 4 patients (7.8%). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of intrauterine insemination success between the control group with TSH <2.5 mIU / L and the study group with TSH 2.5-4.5 mIU/L. Widespread randomized controlled prospective studies need to determine the optimal TSH threshold value before TSH treatment of the women receiving infertility treatment.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health in Patients with Kidney Transplantation ]]>
<![CDATA[Gülşah Sasak]]>;
<![CDATA[Tahsin Karaaslan]]>;
<![CDATA[Sabahat Alısir Ecder]]>
<![CDATA[ Tropical Health and Medical Research Vol. 3 No. 2 (2021): Tropical Health and Medical Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Baiman Bauntung Batuah Center ]]>
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DOI: 10.35916/thmr.vi0.42
<![CDATA[Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 is the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The most effective method in controlling the disease is maintaining the distance between people and, if necessary, quarantine. Recent evidence suggests that people kept in isolation and quarantine experience significant anxiety, confusion, and stress levels. This study aims to investigate the effects of COVID-19 on mental health in kidney transplant recipients. In this cross-sectional study, all renal transplant patients who followed up in our transplantation clinic were evaluated to be included in the study. The Turkish version of the fear of COVID-19 scale, depression anxiety stress scale (DASS-21), and satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) were administered to the patients. Patients were interviewed face-to-face by the same physician. A total of 68 patients were included in the study: 29 (42.6 percent) women and 39 (57.4 percent) men. In the present study, we detected that DASS-21 anxiety, depression, stress, and total scores were higher in patients with a family history of psychiatric disease than without (p<0.05). We did not find any statistical differences between patients’ demographic characteristics and fear of COVID-19 scale, DASS-21 anxiety, depression, stress, and total scores except for family history of psychiatric disease. More extensive and multi-center studies are needed to determine these patients' anxiety and depression states in the future.]]>
<![CDATA[Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Klebsiella And Enterobacter Species Recovered in Sunflower Seed Agar from Cases Resembling Respiratory Cryptococcosis ]]>
<![CDATA[Felix Emele Emele]]>;
<![CDATA[Kehinde Caleb Daramola]]>;
<![CDATA[Arthur Ebelenna Anyabolu]]>
<![CDATA[ Tropical Health and Medical Research Vol. 3 No. 2 (2021): Tropical Health and Medical Research ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Baiman Bauntung Batuah Center ]]>
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DOI: 10.35916/thmr.vi0.43
<![CDATA[Respiratory cryptococcosis caused by Cryptococcus species can present with symptoms indistinguishable from bacterial or viral etiology. Cryptococcus species produce typical colonial features on Sunflower Seed Agar (SSA), which aids in rapid diagnoses of cryptococcosis. In studying respiratory cryptococcosis, we observed bacterial growths on SSA that resembled Cryptococcus species in colonial characteristics. This study aimed at identifying and characterizing those bacterial isolates for documentation. Sputum samples were collected from 201 patients with symptoms suggestive of respiratory cryptococcosis. The samples were inoculated onto SSA, incubated at 37oC for two weeks. Suspected colonies were further evaluated. Of the samples, none yielded Cryptococcus species, although a total of twenty Cryptococcus-resembling bacterial colonies were encountered and isolated. Eight of the isolates could not amplify by PCR techniques. The other twelve were identified as follows: Klebsiella pneumonia (8 or 67%), Klebsiella ozaneae (3 or 25%), and Enterobacter ludwigii (1 or 8%). All isolates were susceptible to Ertapenem, Meropenem, and Fosfomycin but resistant to ampicillin. Results show that Klebsiella and Enterobacter pneumonia-like illnesses can be misidentified as cryptococcosis using SSA. Reliance on microscopic rather than macroscopic, colonial features on SSA will prevent misdiagnosis.]]>
