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Life Science
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 22526277     EISSN : 25285009     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/lifesci
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Life Science publishes original and significant articles on all aspects of Life Sciences (Biology, Genetics, Biological Anthropology, Botany, Medical Sciences, Veterinary Sciences, Biochemical Genetics, Biometry, Clinical Genetics, Cytogenetics, Genetic Epidemiology, Genetic Testing, Evolution and Population Genetics, Immunogenetics and Molecular Genetics). The journal also covers ethical issues. It aims to serve as a forum for life scientists and health professionals.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 7 No 2 (2018): November 2018" : 6 Documents clear
Deteksi Pembentukan Mikronuklei Sel Darah Limfosit Akibat Paparan Radiasi Dosis Bertingkat pada Responden dengan Jenis Kelamin dan Usia Berbeda Purnami, Sri Wahyu; Anggraito, Yustinus Ulung; Syaifudin, Mukh; Lusiyanti, Yanti
Life Science Vol 7 No 2 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Abstract

Mikronuklei merupakan penanda yang baik dari paparan genotoksik pada manusia dan merupakan indikator dari ketidakstabilan kromosom. Pada proses pembentukan mikronuklei (MN) dengan teknik cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN), sitokinesis diblok dengan sitokalasin B, sehingga dapat mengidentifikasi fragmen (patahan) kromosom pada tahap mitosis menjadi MN. Frekuensi terbentuknya MN dipengaruhi oleh dosis radiasi, jenis kelamin, usia, dan gaya hidup. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak faktorial, dengan tiga faktor variabel bebas yaitu paparan dosis radiasi sinar X, usia pendonor, dan jenis kelamin pendonor. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan dosis radiasi sinar X sebesar 0 Gy, 0,5 Gy, 2 Gy, dan 4 Gy. Sel darah limfosit diperoleh dari responden laki-laki dan perempuan pada usia 26-35 tahun, 36-45 tahun, dan 46-55 tahun, ada satu sampel pada masing-masing usia. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis varians tiga faktor, uji normalitas dan homogenitas dengan anava menggunakan IBM SPSS Statistic 20 for Windows. Diperoleh hasil F hitung > F tabel (5%) pada perlakuan dosis radiasi terhadap frekuensi pembentukan MN, usia, jenis kelamin, dosis radiasi dengan usia, dosis radiasi dengan jenis kelamin, dosis radiasi dengan usia dengan jenis kelamin. Diartikan bahwa terdapat perbedaan frekuensi MN yang signifikan berdasarkan perlakuan dosis radiasi sinar X, usia, dan jenis kelamin. F hitung < F tabel (5%) pada perlakuan usia dengan jenis kelamin, diartikan bahwa usia dengan jenis kelamin tidak saling berinteraksi tanpa adanya dosis radiasi, sehingga tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap frekuensi pembentukan MN. Micronuclei is a good marker of exposure to genotoxic in humans and is an indicator of chromosomal instability. In the process of forming micronuclei (MN) with the technique of cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN), cytokinesis blocked by sitokalasin B, so as to identify fragments (break) chromosomes in mitosis phase becomes MN. The frequency of MN formation is affected by the radiation dose, sex, age, and lifestyle. This study design was a randomized complete group factorial, with three independent variables that factor exposure dose of X-ray radiation, donor age, and sex of the donor. The treatment in this study using X-ray radiation doses of 0 Gy, 0.5 Gy, 2 Gy and 4 Gy. Blood cell lymphocytes obtained from respondents men and women at the age of 26-35 years, 36-45 years and 46-55 years, there is one sample at each age. The analysis is the analysis of variance of three factors, normality and homogeneity test with anava used IBM SPSS Statistics 20 for Windows. The results obtained F value>F table (5%) in the treatment of radiation doses to the formation of MN frequency, age, gender, age radiation dose, radiation dose by gender, age radiation dose by gender. Means that there are significant differences in the frequency of MN which is based on X-ray radiation dose treatment, age, and gender. F value<F table (5%) in the treatment of age by sex, mean that the age of the same sex do not interact in the absence of radiation dose, so no significant effect on the frequency of MN formation.
Kandungan Timbal, Debu di Udara dan Daun Tanaman Peneduh di Kota Semarang Lilianto, Gandhung Herdha; Dewi, Nur Kusuma; Tri Martuti, Nana Kariada
Life Science Vol 7 No 2 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Abstract

Kota Semarang merupakan ibukota Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Gas buang kendaraan bermotor merupakan sumber utama timbal yang mencemari udara. Beberapa jalan protokol di Kota Semarang ditanami tanaman peneduh yang berfungsi untuk menjerap polutan yang ada di udara. Akumulasi timbal pada daun tanaman lebih banyak terdapat pada tanaman yang tumbuh di pinggir jalan besar yang padat kendaraan bermotor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan timbal, debu dan mengetahui struktur mikroanatomi stomata daun tanaman peneduh di Kota Semarang. Pengambilan sampel debu dan penentuan kandungan debu di udara dilakukan berdasarkan SNI 19-7119.3-2005 sedangkan penentuan kandungan timbal di udara dilakukan berdasarkan SNI 6989.8:2009. Sampel daun diambil pada bagian yang sudah tua, menghadap ke jalan raya dan terdapat pada ketinggian 2-5 meter dari permukaan jalan dengan metode random sampling. Menganalisis kandungan timbal di daun dengan menggunakan metode SNI 19-2896-1992. Analisa kandungan debu di daun menggunakan metode pengurangan berat. Penetapan kadar timbal pada tanah dilakukan berdasarkan SNI 06-6992.3-2004. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil, pencemaran udara mempunyai hubungan terhadap akumulasi zat pencemar dalam daun tanaman peneduh. Semakin tinggi kandungan zat pencemar di udara, semakin banyak pula akumulasinya pada daun tanaman peneduh. Semarang city is the capital of Central Java province. Motor vehicle exhaust is a major source of lead that pollute the air. Some of the main streets in the city of Semarang planted shade plant that serves to adsorb the pollutants in the air. Accumulation of lead in plant leaves is more prevalent in plants that grow in large roadside dense motor vehicle. This study aimed to analyze the content of lead, dust and to know the structure of the leaf stomata mikroanatomi shade plant in Semarang. Sampling of dust and determination of dust content in the air is done by SNI 19-7119.3-2005 whereas the determination of the lead content in conducted by ISO 6989.8: 2009. Leaf samples were taken at the old, facing the highway and are at a height of 2-5 meters from the road surface by the method of random sampling. Analyze the lead content in the leaves by using methods SNI 19-2896-1992. Analysis of the dust content in the leaves using the method of weight reduction. Determination of lead content in the soil is done by SNI 06-6992.3-2004. The results showed the result, air pollution has been associated with the accumulation of contaminants in plant leaves shade. The higher the content of pollutants in the air, the more accumulation on plant leaves shade.
Etnobotani Tumbuhan Obat Yang Dimanfaatkan Oleh Masyarakat Desa Samata Kecamatan Somba Opu Kabupaten Gowa Sulawesi Selatan Wahidah, Baiq Farhatul; Husain, Fadly
Life Science Vol 7 No 2 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Sejak dahulu pengobatan tradisional sudah dilakukan oleh nenek moyang kita dan ditransmisikan ke generasi selanjutnya. Meski demikian pengetahuan itu tidak banyak tercatat sehingga akan mudah hilang seiring dengan perkembangan zaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami tumbuhan tumbuhan obat yang banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat Desa Samata Kecamatan Somba Opu Kabupaten Gowa Sulawesi Selatan. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan informan terpilih seperti sanro (dukun kampung), masyarakat pengguna tumbuhan obat dan mengikuti sebagian aktivitas harian penduduk serta observasi lapangan. Tercatat 26 spesies tumbuhan yang biasa digunakan dalam mengobati berbagai macam penyakit yaitu Momordica charantia, Psidium Guadjava, Jatropha curcas ,Citrus aurantifolia swingle, Aneratum conizoides, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, Anona muricata, Aloe vera, Curcuma zedoaria,Curcuma domestica, Cocos nucifera, Alium sativum, Allium cepa, Ocimum basilicum,Mimosa pudica, Myristica fragrans, Moringa oleifera, Piper betle L, Eugenia aperculata, Alpinia purpurata , Zingiber officinale, Kaempferia galanga L, Musa paradisiaca L, Cucumis sativus L, Carica papaya, dan Morinda citrifolia. Organ tumbuhan obat yang dipergunakan adalah daun, buah, umbi lapis, dan rimpang. Adapun cara pengolahan dalam pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat sebagai obat tradisional yaitu antara lain: direbus, ditumbuk, dikunyah kunyah, diparut lalu diperas, serta di bakar. Ramuan ada yang bersifat tunggal, tetapi lebih banyak dicampur atau dikombinasikan dengan tumbuhan atau bahan lain. Traditional medicine has long been known by our ancestors and transmitted from generation to generation. The traditional medicine knowledge is feared will be extinct because it is not well documented. The purpose of this research is to know the species of medicinal plants used by the Samata community, Somba Opu District, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi. Data were collected through interviews with selected informants such as sanro or dukun kampung (traditional healer) and individual who used medicinal plants. Data were also obtained through observation by observing some of the daily activities of the community. In this study found 26 species of plants that are used to treat various diseases: Momordica charantia, Psidium Guadjava, Jatropha curcas ,Citrus aurantifolia swingle, Aneratum conizoides, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, Anona muricata, Aloe vera, Curcuma zedoaria,Curcuma domestica, Cocos nucifera, Alium sativum, Allium cepa, Ocimum basilicum,Mimosa pudica, Myristica fragrans, Moringa oleifera, Piper betle L, Eugenia aperculata, Alpinia purpurata , Zingiber officinale, Kaempferia galanga L, Musa paradisiacal L, Cucumis sativus L,Carica papaya, Morinda citrifolia. The parts of medicinal plants used are leaves, fruits, tubers, and rhizomes. The way of processing in the utilization of medicinal plants as traditional medicineare: boiled, crushed, chewed, grated and squeezed to get the substance, and burned. Medicinal plants can be consumed on their own, but there are also mixed or combined with other plants or materials in the form of decoction.
Bioaplikasi Kitosan dan Vitamin C terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Rattus norvegicus yang Dipapar Pb Asetat Ningsih, Eni Widya; Marianti, Aditya; Isnaeni, Wiwi
Life Science Vol 7 No 2 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Akumulasi Pb2+ dalam darah dapat menghambat kerja enzim-enzim pensintesis hemoglobin (Hb). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis apakah kombinasi kitosan dan vitamin C akan saling bersinergi mengurangi dampak negatif Pb2+ dalam tubuh, terutama terhadap kadar Hb. Penelitian ini mnggunakan Post Test Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian adalah tikus jantan galur Wistar 30 ekor yang terbagi dalam enam kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kelompok kontrol (KK) diberi makan dan minum ad libitum, kontrol negatif (KN) hanya diberi Pb asetat 175 mg/kg BB, kontrol positif (KP) diberi Pb asetat 175 + kitosan 64 mg/kg BB, dan kelompok perlakuan (P1, P2, P3) dipapar Pb asetat, kitosan, dan vitamin C dosis 100, 200, dan 300 mg/kg BB. Perlakuan dilakukan selama 42 hari. Darah tikus diambil pada hari ke-44 untuk diuji kadar Pb darahnya menggunakan metode Atomic Absorbsion Spectrofotometer (AAS) dan kadar Hb dengan metode Cyanmethemoglobin. Hasil uji Anava menunjukkan terdapat penurunan kadar Pb darah dan kenaikan kadar Hb darah secara signifikan pada kelompok yang dipapar Pb asetat dan diberikan kitosan dan vitamin C. Hasil uji lanjut dengan Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) menunjukkan bahwa kelompok KK, KP, P1, P2, P3 tidak berbeda secara signifikan, namun bebeda signifikan terhadap kelompok KN. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah kombinasi kitosan dan vitamin C saling bersinergi menurunkan kadar Pb darah tikus dan meningkatkan kadar Hb darah tikus yang dipapar Pb asetat. Accumulation of Pb2+ in the blood inhibits various enzymes involved in heme synthesis pathway. This study aims to analyze the synergy potential of chitosan and vitamine C combination in depleting the detrimental effects exerted by Pb2+ exposure in the body, especially to blood Hb levels. This study use Post Test Control Group Design. The population of the study is male Wistar rats and a number of collected samples are 30 samples. The sample were divided into six group, the regular control (KK), that was fed and water ad libitum, the negative control (KN) was administrated only with Pb acetate at dose 175 mg/kg BB, positive control (KP) was administrated with Pb acetate + chitosan 64 mg/kg BB, and treatment group (P1, P2, P3) that was exposed by Pb acetate 175 mg/kg BB, chitosan 64 mg/kg BB, and vitamine C at dose of 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg BB. The treatment were administrated for 42 days. Blood was then collected on the 44th day to measure blood Pb level using Atomic Absorbsion Spectrofotometer (AAS) method, and to measure blood Hb using Cyanmethemoglobin method. The results of one way Anava showed a significant decrease in blood Pb level and increase in blood Hb level on groups exposed to Pb acetate and treated with combination of chitosan and vitamine C. The results of Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) showed that group of KK, KP, P1, P2, and P3 were not significantly different to one another, but significantly different to the KN group. The conclusion of this study is combination of chitosan and vitamine C is synergy to decrease further blood Pb level and and increase blood Hb level in rats exposed with Pb acetate.
Deteksi Escherichia coli Pada Jamu Gendong di Gunungpati dengan Medium Selektif Diferensial Utami, Sri; Bintari, Siti Harnina; Susanti, R.
Life Science Vol 7 No 2 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Jamu gendong termasuk dalam kategori obat herbal yang dikonsumsi untuk menjaga kesehatan. Kontaminasi Escherichia coli pada produk jamu gendong dapat mempengaruhi manfaat jamu gendong sebagai obat herbal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi keberadaan bakteri E. coli pada sampel jamu gendong jenis beras kencur dan kunyit asam di Kecamatan Gunungpati Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan sampel diambil secara acak. Sebanyak sebelas sampel jamu beras kencur dan kunyit asam dari perajin jamu gendong diuji menggunakan medium selektif diferensial Eosin Methylene Blue Agar. Sampel positif terkontaminasi E. coli pada medium EMBA ditunjukkan dengan adanya koloni berwarna gelap dengan kilap hijau metalik. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil uji keberadaan E. coli, perhitungan jumlah koloni E. coli dan lembar observasi dianalisis secara deskriptif. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari sebelas sampel jamu gendong yang diuji, sembilan sampel beras kencur dan tiga sampel kunyit asam positif terkontaminasi E. coli. Hasil perhitungan jumlah koloni bakteri E. coli diperoleh sembilan sampel beras kencur dan dua sampel kunyit asam tidak memenuhi aturan batas cemaran mikroba dalam Standar Nasional Indonesia. ‘Jamu gendong’ included in herbal medicine category which consumed to maintain health. Escherichia coli contamination in ‘jamu gendong’ products can affect the benefits as an herbal medicine. This study aims to detect the presence of E. coli bacteria in the sample of ‘jamu gendong’ type of ‘beras kencur’ and ‘kunyit asam’ in Gunungpati District Semarang. This research is an observational study with random sampling. A total of eleven samples of ‘jamu gendong’ of ‘beras kencur’ and ‘kunyit asam’ from ‘jamu gendong’ sellers were tested using differential selective medium of Eosin Methylene Blue Agar. Positive samples which contaminated with E. coli in the EMBA medium are indicated by the presence of dark colored colonies with metallic green luster. Data obtained from the results of the test of the presence of E. coli, calculation of the number of E. coli colonies and observation sheets were analyzed descriptively. This study showed that of the eleven samples of ‘jamu gendong’ that were tested, nine samples of ‘beras kencur’ and three samples of ‘kunyit asam’ were positively contaminated with E. coli. The results of the calculation of the number of colony of E. coli bacteria obtained nine samples of ‘beras kencur’ and two samples of ‘kunyit asam’ did not meet the rules for the limits of microbial contamination in the Indonesian National Standard.
Uji Mikrobiologi Biskuit Dengan Penambahan Tepung Kulit Pisang Hernawati, Hernawati; Aryani, Any; Shintawati, Rita
Life Science Vol 7 No 2 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Permintaan terhadap produk makanan kesehatan seperti makanan bebas gula, rendah kalori, dan kaya serat semakin meningkat. Telah dibuat biskuit berbahan tepung kulit pisang yang memiliki kandungan serat pangan yang cukup tinggi. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengidentifikasi jumlah mikroorganisme pada biskuit tepung kulit pisang. Metode pengujian mikrobiologi sampel makanan dilakukan yaitu uji TPC (Total Plate Count) untuk menghitung bakteri, Most Probability Number (MPN) untuk menghitung jumlah Escherchia coli, Salmonella sp., dan hitungan cawan untuk menghitung jumlah Staphylococcus sp. serta kapang/khamir. Analisis data mengacu pada persyaratan makanan yang sudah ditetapkan sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI 01-2897-1992). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengujian mikroba biskuit tepung kulit pisang normal tidak melebihi ketentuan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) yang mempersyaratkan maksimal sebesar 1,0x104 koloni/g bakteri. Uji Salmonella sp. diperoleh hasil negatif. Hasil uji kandungan E. coli kurang dari 3/g. Hasil uji kandungan Staphylococcus aureus sebanyak <1,0x101 koloni/g. Hasil uji jumlah kapang/khamir kurang dari 1,0x101 koloni/g. Kesimpulan hasil identifikasi mikrobiologi biskuit tepung kulit pisang dinyatakan dalam kategori normal sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI, 2009) dan BPOM (2009), sehingga dapat dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat sebagai makanan kesehatan. Demand for health food products such as sugar-free foods, low in calories and fiber-rich foods is on the rise. It is known that made biscuits made from banana peel flour is known to have high dietary fiber content. The aim of this research was to identify the number of microorganisms on the biscuits with addition banana peel flour. Microbiological test method of food samples was done by TPC (Total Plate Count) test to calculate bacteria, Most Probability Number (MPN) to calculate the amount of Escherchia coli, Salmonella sp., and plate count to calculate the amount of Staphylococcus sp. and mold/yeasts. The results of data analysis refers to food requirements that have been established according to Indonesian National Standard (SNI 01-2897-1992). The results showed that the testing of microbial biscuits of banana peel flour did not exceed the provisions of Indonesian National Standard (SNI) which required a maximum of 1.0x104 colony/g bacteria. Salmonella sp. obtained negative results. The results of Escherchia coli content test less than 3/g. The results of the Staphylococcus aureus content test were <1.0x101 colony/g. The test result of the amount of mold/yeast is less than 1.0x101 colony/g. The conclusion of microbiology identification result stated that biscuit of banana peel flour was normal category according to Indonesian National Standard (SNI, 2009) and BPOM (2009), so it can be consumed by society as health food.

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