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Belli Ac Pacis (jurnal hukum internasional)
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 24605247     EISSN : 27210596     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20961/belli.v7i2
Core Subject : Humanities, Social,
Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Modern international law in the last few decades has experienced very rapid development, this is characterized by the emerge of the State in a modern sense, as well as a legal system that regulates relations between countries and international legal entities with each other. Relations between countries are no longer limited by absolute sovereignty, for example in the case of war crimes, the international community could sue countries or even individuals to be responsible for these actions based on universal principles. Recently, State practices is shifting from the hard law legal system to soft law which can be an alternative solution in breaking the deadlock when international political compromises are difficult to realize. Various international law development shows that there is a need for the international community to form a legal system that is acceptable to all parties, especially the State as a subject of international law par excellence. Therefore, the Belli ac Pacis Journal presents the multifarious developments in contemporary international law as a study of current State practices. The Belli ac Pacis Journal encompasses Public International Law, International Law of the Sea, International Humanitarian Law, International Environmental Law, International Criminal Law, International Organizational Law, International Dispute Settlement Law, Diplomatic Law, Air and Space Law, International Trade Organization Law, ASEAN Law, and International Economic Law.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 5, No 2 (2019): December, 2019" : 6 Documents clear
Analisis Tindakan Scorched-Earth Policy (Taktik Bumi Hangus) oleh Junta Militer Myanmar Terhadap Suku Rohingya di Rakhine Menurut Hukum Humaniter Internasional Muhammad Herniko Keisar Odippradana; Ayub Torry Satriyo Kusumo
BELLI AC PACIS Vol 5, No 2 (2019): December, 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (423.079 KB) | DOI: 10.20961/belli.v5i2.40031

Abstract

This article analyzes the use of scorched earth policy, and an indication of crimes against humanity which are commited by Military Junta of Myanmar against Rohingya tribes based on International Humanitarian Law. This article uses normative research methods, namely research based on legal materials which its focus is conducted by studying primary and secondary legal materials. Based on the study, the author concludes that Military Junta of Myanmar brutally and sadistically commited scorched earth tactic in order to sweep away Rohingya ethnics from its territory. Though Military Junta did commit the scorch earth tactis, there is an indication that Military Junta of Myanmar also commited crime against humanity along with the scorched earth, such as deportation or forced eviction, rape and forced pregnancy, and systematic massive killing. These acts explicitly violate Additional Protocol I of the 1977 Geneva Convention and the Rome Statute of 1998.
Analisis Tindakan Scorched-Earth Policy (Taktik Bumi Hangus) oleh Junta Militer Myanmar Terhadap Suku Rohingya di Rakhine Menurut Hukum Humaniter Internasional
BELLI AC PACIS Vol 5, No 2 (2019): December, 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (423.079 KB) | DOI: 10.20961/belli.v5i2.40031

Abstract

This article analyzes the use of scorched earth policy, and an indication of crimes against humanity which are commited by Military Junta of Myanmar against Rohingya tribes based on International Humanitarian Law. This article uses normative research methods, namely research based on legal materials which its focus is conducted by studying primary and secondary legal materials. Based on the study, the author concludes that Military Junta of Myanmar brutally and sadistically commited scorched earth tactic in order to sweep away Rohingya ethnics from its territory. Though Military Junta did commit the scorch earth tactis, there is an indication that Military Junta of Myanmar also commited crime against humanity along with the scorched earth, such as deportation or forced eviction, rape and forced pregnancy, and systematic massive killing. These acts explicitly violate Additional Protocol I of the 1977 Geneva Convention and the Rome Statute of 1998.
Tinjauan Hukum Humaniter Internasional terhadap Serangan Pemerintah Suriah di Ghouta Timur pada Februari 2018 Gilang Bima Sakti; Sri Lestari Rahayu
BELLI AC PACIS Vol 5, No 2 (2019): December, 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (308.159 KB) | DOI: 10.20961/belli.v5i2.40026

Abstract

The humanitarian crisis due to the armed conflict between President Bashar Al-Assad’s government in Syria and residents in the town of Ghouta Timur is a serious concern for the community and international organizations. Moreover, attacks from the Syrian government caused many casualties in the form of civilians, so the Syrian government was also considered to heed international humanitarian law, and could be categorized as war crimes and crimes against humanity. This study aims to determine the arrangements of international humanitarian law against the attacks of the Syrian government in Eastern Ghouta and to know the enforcement of international humanitarian law against violations of the laws of war carried out by the Syrian Government in Eastern Ghouta. The legislation used as a reference includes the Hague Convention of 1907, the Geneva Convention of 1949; and Additional Protocols in 1977. Observations show that Syria was a country which only ratified several regulations relating to international humanitarian law, namely the Geneva Conventions of 1949, Additional Protocol I of 1977, and the Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993. Regulations on humanitarian law against Syrian attacks under the Convention I and Geneva IV Convention In 1949 had several articles governing violations of law committed by the Government of Syria, amounting to 11 Articles. Whereas according to Additional Protocol I, there are several Articles related to violations that occur in Syria, amounting to 7 Articles. The UN Security Council must establish an ad-hoc international court consisting of several judges, public prosecutors and court clerks from various countries. This court must be formed with the authority to try violations of humanitarian law in Syria because national law and justice in Syria do not want to try the accused. In addition to establishing a criminal court for the case of Syria, the United Nations and the international community have the authority to control the Security Council’s decision to anticipate the political elements of the veto that are used by some permanent members of the Security Council to revoke resolutions to end the war in Syria. The UN organization can use low-scale military forces based on the Responsibility to Protect principle, if the UN Security Council as a representative of the international community fails to bring the accused and prosecute before an international court of justice.
Pertanggungjawaban Negara Bahama dan Perusahaan Kapal MV Caledonian Sky Terhadap Kerusakan Terumbu Karang di Raja Ampat Berdasarkan Polluter Pays Principle Dina Anisa; Diah Apriani Atika Sari
BELLI AC PACIS Vol 5, No 2 (2019): December, 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (264.241 KB) | DOI: 10.20961/belli.v5i2.40027

Abstract

On March, 4th  2017, a cruise ship, MV Caledonian Sky ran aground on the waters of the island of Kri, Raja Ampat, Indonesia and resulted in 18.882 square metres of coral reefs in that water damaged. Therefore, this study aims to determine the responsibility of the flag state of MV Caledonian Sky, the Bahamas, and MV Caledonian Sky’s company for the damage to coral reefs there. This study uses a descriptive type of doctrinal research. The sources of legal materials in this study are primary legal material and secondary legal material through literature study as a technique of collecting data. Meanwhile, the technique for analyzing the legal materials is a syllogism method with a deductive reasoning which all international legal regulations and the related national legal regulations as major premise and MV Caledonian Sky grounding incident at Raja Ampat as minor premise. The results of this study indicates that in accordance with the polluter pays principle, the Bahamas is responsible for its capacity as a flag state in accordance with the provisions of Article 94 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the ship company of MV Caledonian Sky could be responsible through two mechanisms, specifically through civil liability and risk sharing agreements. The risk sharing agreement is an automatic mechanism based on an agreement signed by the Master with Raja Ampat government, while civil liability must be preceded by a lawsuit from the government that uses its claim rights.
Pertanggungjawaban Negara Atas Kejahatan Kemanusiaan Terhadap Etnis Rohingya di Myanmar Antara Kurun Waktu Tahun 2017-2018 Akbar Kusuma Wardana; Anugrah Adiastuti
BELLI AC PACIS Vol 5, No 2 (2019): December, 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (236.505 KB) | DOI: 10.20961/belli.v5i2.40029

Abstract

This article describes and reviews the State’s responsibility for crimes against Rohingya in Myanmar during 2017-2018. The research methodology used is a normative research method which has the same resolution as doctrinal research with the nature of prescriptive research based on primary and secondary legal materials. Based on the results of the study, the author obtained the results of Myanmar research discussing several international legal regulations. In this case Myanmar can be held accountable as a punishment for the perpetrators involved in the event. If Myanmar is unable and unable to punish the perpetrators, the International Criminal Court (ICC) can carry out punishments that are in accordance with its jurisdiction. Rome Statute. Article 5 paragraph (1). Anyone who makes coverage will be determined by the individual in accordance with the Rome Statute Article 25 paragraph (2) and will be tried without any difference regarding the Terms or Position in accordance with Article 27.
Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Kasus Illegal, Unreported, dan Unregulated Fishing yang Dilakukan Terhadap Kapal KM BD 95599 TS di Laut Natuna Sesuai dengan Hukum Internasional Fernando Aprizal; Siti Muslimah
BELLI AC PACIS Vol 5, No 2 (2019): December, 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (252.581 KB) | DOI: 10.20961/belli.v5i2.40030

Abstract

Penelitian hukum ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan menganalisis mengenai penegakan hukum terhadap kasus IUU Fishing yang dilakukan terhadap kapal KM BD 95599 TS di Laut Natuna sesuai dengan hukum internasional dan hukum nasional. Jenis penelitian hukum ini adalah penelitian normatif yang bersifat preskriptif guna menemukan dan merumuskan argumentasi hukum, melalui analisa pokok permasalahan dalam kaitannya dengan penegakan hukum pada ZEEI yang dilakukan Indonesia terhadap kapal asing yang melakukan IUU Fishing. Penelitian hukum ini menelaah bahan kepustakaan dengan mengumpulkan serta mempelajari bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Hasil dari penelitian hukum ini menunjukan bahwa Kapal KM BD 95599 TS yang ditangkap oleh Kapal Pengawas Perikanan ORCA 02 dibawah kendali Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan terbukti telah melakukan tindak pidana IUU Fishing di wilayah ZEEI. Proses penegakan terhadap Kapal KM BD 95599 TS beserta nahkoda dan awak kapal KM BD 95599 TS sudah sesuai dengan ketentuan yang ada dalam hukum internasional dan hukum nasional, penegakan hukum hanya terbatas pada pemberian sanksi pidana denda tanpa adanya pidana penjara.

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