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Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU

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Published by TALENTA PUBLISHER

ISSN : - EISSN : 23374888 DOI : https://doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v11i1

Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU merupakan jurnal elektronik yang mempublikasikan karya ilmiah di bidang teknik kimia yang diterbitkan oleh Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Jurnal ini tidak terbatas pada mahasiswa dan dosen Universitas Sumatera Utara, tetapi terbuka untuk mahasiswa, dosen dan peneliti dari instansi lain.

Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Teknik Kimia (Lain-Lain)

Articles 337 Documents

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Ekstraksi Pektin dari Limbah Kulit Jeruk (Citrus sinensis) dengan Metode Ekstraksi Gelombang Ultrasonik Menggunakan Pelarut Asam Klorida (HCl) Ariska Damanik, Delvia; Pandia, Setiaty
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 8 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Pectin is complex polysaccharide contained D-galacturonic acid bonded by Î± -1,4 glucosidic in plant cell walls. Pectin widely used in pharmaceutical, food and beverage industries. This study evaluates the effect of solvent and stirring speed on pectin characteristic. The study utilizes ultrasonic wave and acid solvent at the presence of ethanol to yield pectin following by drying to obtain dried pectin. This study carries out using 25 grams orange peels, 10 %, chloride acid solvent, 60 minutes extraction time, temperature of 60 oC, ultrasonic wave speed 50 KHz and 16 hours settling time at various solvent concentrations 0.025 N; 0.05 N; 0.075 N and stirring speed 0 rpm; 50 rpm; 100 rpm; 150 rpm. The results showed that the highest yield of pectin extraction was obtained at concentration of 0.075 N with 20.12 %; stirring speed 150 rpm, water content 8.0 %; 4,0 % ash content, and 7.44 % methoxyl content.

Profil pH dan Volatile Suspended Solids pada Proses Pengomposan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Pupuk Cair Organik Aktif sebagai co-Composting Trisakti, Bambang; Pranatha Sijabat, Irvan
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) from the palm oil processing industry is discharged to the final processing site without any use. OPEFB can be used as raw material for composting by adding active organic liquid fertilizer (ALOF). This study aims to determine the composter design of pH and volatile suspended solids (VSS) by varying the capacity of the composter so that good quality compost is produced. The composting process is done by cutting oil palm empty fruit bunches with a size of 1-3 cm then put into the composter with a capacity variations of 2, 5 and 10 kg and added active organic liquid fertilizer to reach the optimum moisture content (MC) value of 55-65%. The results of the analysis are compared with SNI 19-7030-2004. The parameters analyzed during composting are pH and VSS. The results of composting that meet the compost criteria based on SNI 19-7030-2004 are composter capacity of 5 kg, where the results obtained during composting are pH 7.5 and VSS 211.640 mg/L.

Karakteristik Zat Warna Antosianin (Adenanthera pavonina L) dari Kulit Biji Saga sebagai Pewarna Alami Menggunakan Metode Soxhletasi Halimatuddahliana; Pandia, Setiaty; Hasmita, Fira Ayu
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

In general, dyes that are used in daily life using synthetic dyes. One material that can be used for natural pigment are from saga seeds (Adenanthera pavonina L). Saga (Adenanthera pavonina L) is a tree that has small red seeds which is one source of anthocyanin which can be used as natural dyes, antioxidants and anticarcinogens. In this research aims to find the type of solvent and the best extraction time used for the extraction of anthocyanin from saga seeds. Extraction of anthocyaninÂ from saga seeds used soxhletation method. The variables this research there are the type of solvent (5% citric acid 5% and citric acid 5% (w/v)) and the extraction time (30, 60, 120 minutes). The parameters used are qualitative and quantitative analysis (total yield, total anthocyanin concentration, antioxidant activity, intensity colour and lethal concentration of anthocyanin toxicity in extracts). The result observationaling show that the extraction from saga seeds that have best characteristics in aquadest-citric acid 5% solvent extract yield with extraction time 120 minutes 64.448% (w/w), total anthocyanin with extractions time 120 minutes 100.026 (mg/L), color intensity with extraction time 60 minutes 0.528, antioxidant activity (IC50) 11.622 ppm and toxicity activity with extraction time 60 minutes 63.326 ppm.

Karakteristik Antosianin dari Kulit Buah Nipah (Nypa frutican) sebagai Pewarna Alami dengan Metode Soxhletasi Herfayati, Putri; Pandia, Setiaty; Nasution, Halimatuddahliana
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Anthocyanin is a natural pigment that gives red colour on Nipah husk (Nypa fructican) extract. Extraction of anthocyanin compounds used the soxhletation method with independent variables were the type of solvent (aquadest and ethanol with citric acid 3% (w/v)) and extraction time (30, 45 and 60 minutes). This study aims to determine the best type of solvent and extraction time used for extraction of anthocyanin from Nipah husk. The parameters in this study include qualitative and quantitative analysis of anthocyanin (extract yield, total anthocyanin concentration, color intensity, antioxidant activity and analysis of toxicity) from Nipah husk extract. The results qualitatively and quantitatively indicate that Nipah husk extract had anthocyanin content with the highest extract yield was obtained using ethanol-citric acid 3% solvent at 60 minutes extraction time of 0.546 gram / gram. The highest total anthocyanin was obtained using ethanol-citric acid 3% solvent at 30 minutes extraction time of 226.36 mg / L. The highest color intensity was obtained using ethanol-citric acid 3% solvent at 30 minutes extraction time of 0.925. The strongest antioxidant activity (IC50) was obtained using 3% aquadest-citric acid solvent at 30 minutes extraction time of 3.569 ppm. The strongest toxicity activity (LC50) in ethanol-citric acid 3% solvent was 80.023 ppm.

Stabilitas Digester Anaerobik Satu Tahap dalam Produksi Biogas pada Variasi Temperatur Menggunakan Reaktor Batch Trisakti, Bambang; Irvan; Sitompul, Desi Berliana
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Anaerobic digestion is the decomposition of organic matter by microbes into methane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide in the absence of oxygen. This study aimed to obtain the stability of the one stage anaerobic digester in biogas production that was seen through pH and alkalinity parameters. The process was carried out by varying the temperature, which is 35 Â°C, 45 Â°C, and 55 Â°C with pH maintained 7 (Â± 0.2). Analysis of pH and alkalinity was carried out to assess the stability of reactor using samples taken from the reactor overflow. The pH profile produced was relatively stable with a pH range between 6.8 - 7.3. The resulting alkalinity is relatively stable with aalkalinity range between 3.500 â€“ 4.500 mg/L. The volume of biogas produced at 35 Â°C, 45 Â°C, and 55 Â°C respectively are 2065 mL, 3830 mL, and 4570 mL with the highest concentrations of methane (CH4), Carbon dioxide (CO2) and trace Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) at a temperature of 55 oC obtained the value of the composition of methane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide each at 89,000 %, 11,000 %, and 0,011 %.

Pengaruh Laju Pengadukan Terhadap Stabilitas Digester Anaerobik Satu Tahap pada Pembentukan Biogas dari Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Lab Scale Reaktor Batch Irvan; Trisakti, Bambang; Azka, Nawalul
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Mixing is essential to increase the efficiency of interactions between active microbes and organic matter during the anaerobic digestion process. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of mixing rate on the stability of one stage anaerobic digesters in biogas production in terms of pH and alkalinity. The production of biogas from palm oil mill effluent was carried out in a 6000 ml batch reactor at varying mixing rates: 100 rpm, 150 rpm, 200 rpm, 250 rpm, and 300 rpm. The reactor is operated with a mixture condition maintained at a pH of 7 Â± 0.2 and an operating temperature of 55 Â° C. NaHCO3 is added to the mixture to control and maintain the pH of the mixture. Analysis of pH and alkalinity is carried out every day to see the reactor stability. The best results were obtained at a mixing rate of 200 rpm with the pH produced stable during the process is 7. The alkalinity profile produced at each mixing rate was relatively stable with an alkalinity range is 3500-4500 mg/L. The best mixing rate is 200 rpm with a stable pH and alkalinity and the highest biogas production is 457 ml/day.

Pemanfaatan Hidrofobik Deep Eutectic Solvents dalam Penyisihan Dimetoat, Klorpirifos, dan Profenofos pada Buah Tomat dan Sayur Brokoli Daely, Axel Try Iddo; Manurung, Renita
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Organophosphate insecticide is a type of pesticide that is commonly used, where this pesticide can be toxic to environmental organisms even to humans. Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) is a new generation nonpolar solvent of ionic liquids because it has better physical properties and chemical properties so that it can be used in the extraction process. DES was synthesized at 50 oC for 15 minutes with a stirring speed of 300 rpm and a molar ratio of Dl-menthol: lauric acid varied from 1: 1, 2: 1, and 3: 1. Pesticide removal is done by mixing 5 ml of DES with 200 ml of aquadest and then Tomatoes and Broccoli vegetables are washed with the solution. DES characteristics are done by analyzing the shape and measuring the freezing point, density and viscosity of DES. The concentration of pesticide residues was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). The highest elimination of pesticides obtained with DES hydrophobic which has a molar ratio of dl-menthol: lauric acid is 3: 1 where the highest elimination of pesticides in Tomatoe is 44.82% for Dimethoate pesticide, 84.1% for Chlorpyrifos pesticide, and 83.72% for Profenofos pesticide and Broccoli 35.19% for Dimetoat pesticide, 64.64% for Chlorpyrifos pesticide, and 55.28% for Profenofos pesticides.

Optimasi Suhu Hidrolisis dan Konsentrasi Asam Sulfat dalam Pembuatan Nanoselulosa Berbahan Dasar Serat Batang Pisang Kepok (Musa acuminata x balbisiana) Nasution, Halimatuddahliana; Ellsworth; Wijaya, Fenny
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

This research aims to investigate the optimal hydrolysis temperature and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) concentration in isolating nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) from kepok banana pseudostem fiber with the best yield and water solubility. In this research, cellulose fiber was delignified with NaOH at 80Â°C for 5 minutes, then followed by bleaching with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 30 minutes twice. NCC was isolated through acid hydrolysis with H2SO4 (40%, 45%, 50%, 55% v/v) at 45 Â°C, 50 Â°C, 55 Â°C, 60 Â°C for 1 hour and ultrasonicated for 5 minutes. NCC crystal was then characterized through Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and water solubility. TEM analysis showed the isolated NCC has a measured length of 125 â€“ 144 nm. The highest NCC yield was obtained at 60Â°C and 55% H2SO4 at 26.75%. This analysis showed that NCC yield increases with increasing H2SO4 concentration and hydrolysis temperature. The lowest water solubility obtained is 0%, which shows the purity of the cellulose used to isolate NCC.

Aplikasi Pelarut Eutektik K2CO3-Gliserol pada Ekstraksi Pigmen Antosianin dari Kulit Manggis (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) Asni, Hazima; Manurung, Renita; Bonella, Dian
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) contains 593 ppm of anthocyanin. Anthocyanin pigment from mangosteen peel (Garcinia Mangostana Linn.) can be used as an alternative to synthetic dyes. Eutectic solvents are the latest development in extraction technology to extract anthocyanin from its source. The solvent used is pottasium carbonate-glycerol based eutectic solvent. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of eutectic solvents on the extraction of anthocyanin pigments from mangosteen peel. This research consists of 2 treatment factors namely rmolar ratio of K2CO3: glycerol of 1: 5, 1: 6, and 1: 7 and material: solvent ratio of 1: 4, 1: 6 and 1: 8. Anthocyanin content and color intensity were analyzed using a Spectrophotometer UV-Vis.Â Extraction using K2CO3 : glycerol eutectic solvent at a ratio of 1: 7 and the ratio of material: solvent 1: 8 produced the best treatment with extract yield of 46%; anthocyanin content of 263.976 mg/L, and color intensity value of 0.173.

Studi Adsorpsi Furfural Menggunakan Karbon Aktif dari Kulit Durian Termodifikasi Sitinjak, Philip Dohan Rea; Husin, Amir
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Furfural is an aromatic aldehyde, classified as hazardous material that cause environmental impact, especially harmful for humans if consumed. Furfural removal in water is necessary to overcome the negative impact. Furfural removal can be carried out using adsorption of activated carbon from durian shell. This study determines contact time and reaction kinetic using modified activated carbon which carried out in 7 stages: preparation of furfural main solution 1000 ppm, furfural work solution, determining furfural standard curve, adsorption time, best mass and adsorption capacity of activated carbon, isotherm adsorption and kinetics. The parameters measured are contact time, capacity, furfural adsorption kinetics. Filtrate testing is carried out using UV-Spectrophotometry. Results that obtained in this study are best contact time at 75 minutes with reaction order; reaction contant (k); linear regression (R2) are 1.5; 3.966 Ã— 10-5 (mg/g)/s; 0.9451 respectively. The isotherm adsorption model is Langmuir Isotherm. Â

Page 25 of 34 | Total Record : 337

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