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NI NYOMAN MESTRI AGUSTINI
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INDONESIA
GANESHA MEDICINA
Published by Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27978672     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Ganesha Medicina Journal is open access; double-blinded peer-reviewed journal aiming to communicate high-quality research articles, case report, reviews and general articles in the field. Ganesha Medicina Journal publish articles that encompass all aspects of basic research/clinical studies related to the field of medical sciences. The Journal aims to bridge and integrate the intellectual, methodological, and substantive diversity of medical scholarship, and to encourage a vigorous dialogue between medical scholars and practitioners.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 100 Documents
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Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors Versus Low-Potency Corticosteroids in Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Putri Indrasuari
Ganesha Medicina Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026):
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/gm.v6i2.113924

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease commonly treated with topical corticosteroids, which are limited by adverse effects in sensitive areas. Topical calcineurin inhibitors have emerged as steroid-sparing alternatives. This study compares the efficacy and safety of topical calcineurin inhibitors versus low-potency topical corticosteroids in atopic dermatitis. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect were searched. Outcomes included clinical efficacy and safety (skin atrophy and burning). Pooled risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model. Six studies were included in this study. There was no significant difference in efficacy between groups (RR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.80–1.32; p = 0.82; I² = 93%). Calcineurin inhibitors significantly reduced the risk of skin atrophy (RR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.02–0.63; p = 0.01; I² = 0%). However, they were associated with a higher incidence of skin burning (RR = 3.08, 95% CI: 1.22–7.80; p = 0.02; I² = 97%). Calcineurin inhibitors provide similar efficacy with superior structural safety but lower tolerability due to increased local irritation. In conclusion, calcineurin inhibitors represent a safe and effective alternative to corticosteroids, particularly for sensitive areas and long-term management.
Development of the “SI KIMUL” Application (Oral and Dental Health System) for Elementary School Students Arisya Pramesti Putri; Putri Rejeki; Desak Ayu Dhyana Nitha Dewi; Eko Sri Yuni Astuti
Ganesha Medicina Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026):
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/gm.v6i2.113968

Abstract

Dental and oral health are essential components of overall health. In Bali Province, 46.5% of the population experiences oral and dental health problems, while Denpasar City ranks third among cities in Bali at 40.66%. This study aimed to develop the “Si Kimul” (Oral and Dental Health System) application as a health promotion medium for elementary school students and to evaluate its feasibility. The study was conducted at SD Negeri 12 Sesetan, Denpasar, Bali, using a Research and Development (R&D) approach consisting of eight stages. The sample consisted of 82 students from grades I–VI, selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected using expert validation questionnaires, product trial questionnaires, and usability testing questionnaires, then analyzed quantitatively using Likert and Guttman scales. The results showed that material expert validation reached 92.25% and display expert validation reached 85.16%, both categorized as “Highly Feasible.” Product testing resulted in 88.86%, while usability testing reached 91.46%, also categorized as “Highly Feasible.” These findings indicate that the “Si Kimul” application is feasible as a digital health promotion medium to support oral and dental health education among elementary school students. Further development is recommended to improve cross-platform accessibility and broader implementation.  
Ogilvie’s Syndrome in A Young Adult with HIV Infection: A Case Report I Made Gede Dwipayana Putra; Ketut Suryana
Ganesha Medicina Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026):
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/gm.v6i2.114043

Abstract

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, known as Ogilvie’s syndrome, is a condition characterized by acute colonic dilation in the absence of mechanical obstruction. Primary clinical feature is abdominal distension. Abdominal pain is present in 80% of cases, followed by nausea and vomiting in approximately 60%. Diagnosis can be found from clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, and radiological imaging. Plain abdominal X-ray is a good diagnostic tool. A 27-year-old male patient was hospitalized at district hospital with complaints of fever for 2 days before admission, previously fever for 2 weeks, accompanied by abdominal pain, inability to fart and defecate in the last 4 days, abdominal distension previously existed. Laboratory examination found anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hyponatremia and hypokalemia. Plain abdominal X-ray examination found a colonic dilatation with an impression of adynamic ileus. Ogilvie’s Syndrome is a clinical condition characterized by abdominal distension and dilation of the colon. This condition can occur at younger age, especially in those with serious medical conditions or a history of surgery. In this 27-year-old male patient, he had a serious medical condition, HIV, which caused a compromised immune system, which could be the reason of Ogilvie’s Syndrome. HIV/AIDS is a chronic immune system disorder that causes various multi-organ manifestations, has very serious consequences and can develop to Ogilvie’s Syndrome.
Profile Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score (HADS) in Hemodialysis Patient Putu Arya Nugraha; Ni Made Nova Andari Kluniari
Ganesha Medicina Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/gm.v6i1.95894

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global health problem. In 2020, approximately 2.5 million people worldwide underwent hemodialysis. Comprehensive management, including a biopsychosocial approach, is required for patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis. Depression and anxiety are common comorbid conditions among patients with CKD, with an estimated prevalence of approximately 25% in this population. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire is widely used to assess anxiety and depression in patients with various medical conditions and has been proven to be a valid instrument for use in the general population. This study was a cross-sectional study aimed at describing the characteristics of anxiety and depression among hemodialysis patients at RSUD Buleleng. Among the 94 subjects, 65% were men, and most had anemia (94%). Only 36.17% had a high level of education. Based on HADS assessment results, 17.04% had mild anxiety, 1.06% had moderate anxiety, and 81.9% had no anxiety. The HADS assessment for depression showed that 12.76% had mild depression, 2.14% had moderate depression, and 85.1% had no depression.
Craniopharyngioma Presenting with Panhypopituitarism: A Case Report Ni Made Dwi Adnyani; Wira Gotera; Ida Bagus Aditya Nugraha; Karlina Isabella; Ni Wayan Meindra Wirtayani
Ganesha Medicina Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/gm.v6i1.97467

Abstract

Craniopharyngioma is a rare benign intracranial tumor that typically arises in the suprasellar region. It accounts for approximately 2–5% of primary brain tumors. The tumor commonly compresses the hypothalamus, optic chiasm, and pituitary gland. Endocrine dysfunction occurs in up to 80–100% of patients at diagnosis or after treatment. Postoperative diabetes insipidus is reported in 40–90% of cases. We report a case of a 32-year-old male with panhypopituitarism and diabetes insipidus secondary to craniopharyngioma who underwent craniotomy and tumor removal. The patient presented with decreased consciousness, dyspnea, polyuria, and fever. He had progressive headaches for six months, accompanied by vomiting, weakness, and blurred vision. Hormonal evaluation showed low cortisol, thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone levels. Prolactin level remained normal. Clinical manifestations of craniopharyngioma result from mass effect and hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. Damage to the pituitary gland may cause multiple hormone deficiencies and dysfunction of target organs. Standard management includes tumor resection followed by lifelong hormone replacement therapy. Surgical treatment may induce or worsen diabetes insipidus due to vasopressin deficiency. This case highlights the complexity of endocrine and perioperative management in craniopharyngioma. Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary care are essential to improve clinical outcomes and quality of life.
Academic Anxiety and OSCE Performance in Medical Students: A Literature Review Ni Putu Citra Desy Aryani; Ni Luh Putu Pranena Sastri; Made Kurnia Widiastuti Giri
Ganesha Medicina Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/gm.v6i1.100715

Abstract

Academic anxiety is one of the psychological problems often experienced by medical students, especially before the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), which is known as a high-pressure examination. This literature review aims to examine the relationship between academic anxiety levels and OSCE performance in medical students. The research method involved collecting and reviewing seven relevant articles from various online databases with inclusion criteria consisting of original studies discussing the relationship between anxiety and OSCE scores among medical students, published between 2016 and 2024 and available in open access. The results showed that most of the studies reviewed, namely 5 out of 7 studies, found no significant relationship between anxiety levels and OSCE scores among medical students. Meanwhile, the other two studies reported a significant relationship between the two variables. The variation in research results was influenced by differences in anxiety measurement tools, OSCE settings, and participant characteristics. Therefore, although anxiety is common among students before OSCE, its impact on OSCE scores has not been conclusively determined and may be influenced by factors other than anxiety.
Case Report: Left Brachial Herpes Zoster at the C5–T1 Level with Secondary Infection Putu Novie Denira Cahya Mahadewi; Ida Ayu Diah Purnama Sari
Ganesha Medicina Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/gm.v6i1.102461

Abstract

Herpes zoster is a cutaneous infection resulting from the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, which remains latent within the sensory ganglia. The disease is characterized by painful, clustered vesicles localized to a single dermatome in a unilateral distribution. A case is reported of a 47-year-old male who presented to the Dermatology and Venereology Clinic at Buleleng Regional General Hospital with complaints of fluid-filled lesions on the left upper arm accompanied by pain, pruritus, and a burning sensation. Clinical examination revealed a dermatomal distribution spanning C5–T1, presenting as macules, erythematous plaques, herpetiform vesicles, and yellowish crusts. The diagnosis was established as left brachial herpes zoster at the C5–T1 level with a secondary infection. Management included antiviral therapy (acyclovir), analgesics, antihistamines, vitamins, as well as sodium chloride (NaCl) compresses and gentamicin ointment. The patient also received counseling regarding lesion hygiene, the importance of a healthy lifestyle, and treatment adherence. With appropriate therapy and comprehensive education, it is expected that complications such as postherpetic neuralgia can be prevented.
Unspecified Viral Exanthem and Acute Pharyngitis in a Japanese Tourist Visiting Bali: Clinical Presentation and Management in a Travel Medicine Setting Made Kurnia Widiastuti Giri; Komang Maresta Rustikayanthi; I Wayan Satryadi Wiranjaya; I Kadek Anugrah Priatama; Putu Wimbi Cahyani; Ketut Satrya Wibawa
Ganesha Medicina Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/gm.v6i1.103002

Abstract

Viral exanthem is a common manifestation of diverse viral infections and can serve as sentinel indicators of emerging or imported infectious diseases, particularly in regions with high international mobility. Travelers in tropical destinations frequently present with non-specific symptoms such as malaise, headache, and pruritus, while objective skin findings may be subtle or transient. We report a 44-year-old Japanese female traveler who presented with marked fatigue for one-week, intermittent low-grade fever, persistent headache, and generalized pruritus partially relieved by antihistamines. Physical examination showed stable vital signs and no mucosal involvement, jaundice, or active urticaria; only secondary excoriations were noted. Initial screening for locally prevalent infections (malaria, dengue, and typhoid) was negative, and basic hematology and inflammatory markers did not suggest severe systemic infection. The patient was managed conservatively with symptomatic therapy and supportive measures, alongside explicit return precautions and close follow-up. This case highlights the clinical value of a structured syndromic approach for pruritus with constitutional symptoms in resource-constrained tourist settings, emphasizing red-flag assessment, rational test selection aligned with local epidemiology, and safety-netting when etiologic confirmation of exanthematous illnesses is not readily available.
Systematic Review: The Effectiveness of Music Therapy in Improving Sleep Quality in Insomnia Patients Riska Ramadona; Ni Luh Putu Pranena Sastri; I Gede Yogi Lingga Pradipa; Sarah Angie Sihotang; I Putu Esa Ika Putra Juni Artana; I Made Bagus Krishna Wiguna
Ganesha Medicina Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/gm.v6i1.103341

Abstract

Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, or waking too early and being unable to return to sleep. It negatively affects quality of life, cognitive function, and increases the risk of mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. Music therapy, as non-pharmacological approach, is increasingly used due to its safety, minimal side effects, and potential effecttiveness in improving sleep quality. However, its efficacy and underlying mechanisms require further investigation. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of music therapy in improving sleep quality among individuals with insomnia, understand its mechanisms of action, and identify the most effective music types for therapeutic use. Literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar with the keywords “insomnia” OR “sleep disorders” OR “sleep disturbances” AND “music therapy” AND “sleep quality” focusing on studies published between 2015-2025. From 2.073 articles, 11 met inclusions criteria based on PRISMA guidelines. The analysis covered study design, sample, intervention, measurement tools, and outcomes. Music therapy significantly improved sleep quality based on PSQI and ISI scores. Instrumental music without lyrics and with a slow tempo (60-80 bpm) was the most effective in enchancing sleep duration, latency, and quality. Mechanisms include reduced sympathetic nervous activity, enchanced relaxation, and regulation of serotonin and dopamine. Music therapy is an effective non-pharmacological and clinically feasible complementary therapy. Further RCT-based research with objective measures is needed to examine its long-term impact.
Uncovering Hypertension Risk Factors: A 2024 Cross-Sectional Study in the Sukasada II Community Health Center Kadek Herdana Vildan Mardaningrat; Ketut Yoga Wira Nugraha; Kadek Resa Widyasari; Hafida Dewi Audinah Ibrahim; Nyoman Ayu Andriyani
Ganesha Medicina Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/gm.v6i1.103429

Abstract

Hypertension remains one of the most significant global health issues, characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure and influenced by multiple determinants, including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking habits, physical activity levels, and an individual’s knowledge about hypertension. This study aimed to examine the association of age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, physical activity, and hypertension-related knowledge with hypertension among adults in the Sukasada II Community Health Center area. A cross-sectional design was applied, and participants were selected using a purposive sampling method. Primary data were collected through anthropometric measurements, blood pressure assessment, and a standardized questionnaire, with statistical analysis performed using IBM SPSS version 25. The findings revealed significant associations between hypertension and age (p=0.026; OR=2.632), BMI (p=0.018; OR=2.864), low physical activity (p=0.037; OR=2.476), smoking (p=0.012; OR=6.162), and limited knowledge (p=0.006; OR=3.841). In conclusion, older age, obesity, smoking, low physical activity, and poor hypertension-related knowledge were significantly associated with hypertension, highlighting the need for preventive strategies targeting modifiable factors to reduce the incidence of hypertension in the community.

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