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Makara Journal of Health Research
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23563664     EISSN : 23563656     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/msk
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Health Research (MJHR) is a peer-reviewed and scientific journal published by Universitas Indonesia. Starting from 2019 onwards, MJHR is redirecting its scope, focusing on publishing research articles relevant to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) addressing issues of surveillance, disease management and health policy in the Asia Pacific and Mediterranean countries. Relevant academic articles regarding NCDs analyzed from an integrated perspective including individual and population level, experimental and clinical approaches, epidemiology, public health, disease prevention and health promotion, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and palliative care are welcome.
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Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 21, No. 3" : 6 Documents clear
The Effect of Flaxseed Ethanolic Extract on the Structure of the Kidney and the Endocrine Pancreas in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats Al-Ani, Imad Matloub; Al-Ani, Ghassan A; Azzubaidi, Marwan S; Al-Ahmed, Basma I
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 21, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: The present investigation has been designed to study the possible protective effect of flaxseed extract on the structures of the endocrine pancreas and kidneys of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats for 30 days. Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into five groups (n = 8). Normal control group (NC); received distilled water orally, normal flaxseed group (NF); treated orally with (400 mg/kg) extract of flaxseed, diabetic control group (DC); treated with single intraperitoneal dose of STZ (60 mg/kg), diabetic flaxseed group (DF); diabetic rats treated with extract of flaxseed (400 mg/kg), diabetic glibenclamide group (DG); diabetic rats treated with (0.6 mg/kg) glibenclamide. Results: Histological observation of sections in pancreas in DC group revealed shrunken islets of Langerhans with degenerated and degranulated β -cells, vacuolations and congested capillaries while sections of kidneys showed shrinkage of some glomeruli and degeneration of others with wide urinary space and hydropic degeneration in some tubular epithelial cells, dilated tubules and cell debris scattered in tubular lumina. These pathological changes were ameliorated in the flaxseed extract and glibenclamide treated rats. Conclusions: It is concluded that flaxseed extract may represent a good alternative treatment for management of diabetes and its related complications such as diabetic nephropathy.
A Phenotypic Comparison between HIV Positive and HIV Negative Tuberculous Meningitis Patients Anggraini, Ita; Hartantri, Yovita; Rizal, Ahmad
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 21, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most common type of meningitis found in humans and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a major risk factor of TBM. This study aimed to identify phenotype differences, such as clinical manifestations, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings, and chest x-ray results between HIV positive and HIV negative TBM patients. Methods: This was a comparative analytical study of 123 TBM patients. The patients were divided into two groups based on their HIV status, and their phenotypes were compared. A retrospective cross sectional designed study was carried out in case report form using a TBM cohort and Rifampicin dose finding study in the neurological ward at the Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, between January 2015 and August 2016. Categorical data was analysed using Chi square tests and the alternative Fisher’s Exact test and Mann-Whitney test was used for numerical data. P-values were significant if p < 0.05. Results: Of the phenotypic parameters, only the CSF results had statistical difference. HIV positive subjects had higher CSF to blood glucose ratios (0.42 vs. 0.18; p = 0.001) and fewer leukocyte cells (41 vs. 199; p < 0.001). Conclusions: CSF findings of TBM patients’ revealed differences between HIV positive and negative patients, whilst clinical manifestations and chest x-ray results showed no differences.
The Specifications and Ingredients Found in Commercially Available Toothpastes Gundavarapu, Kalyan C; Ramachandra, Srinivas S; Dicksit, Daniel D; Gupta, Vivek V
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 21, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the specifications and ingredients of various commercially available toothpastes in Malaysia. Methods: Various toothpaste brand samples were collected from malls & pharmacies in Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. Each brand was studied and information regarding the presence or absence of fluoride, the fluoride content, whether the fluoride content was displayed on the packaging, the type of fluoride present, and the country of manufacture was noted. Using this information, a comprehensive list of commercially available toothpastes in the Malaysian market was prepared. Results: the 57 toothpastes collected, 12.3% (n = 7) did not state their fluoride contents, 15.8% (n = 9) were non-fluoridated, and 72% (n = 41) were fluoridated. From the 41 fluoridated toothpastes, 80% specified the type of fluoride present, with 60% containing sodium monofluorophosphate and 40% containing sodium fluoride. Of the 41 fluoridated toothpastes, only 38% specified the parts per million of fluoride. Conclusions: There is lack of standardisation regarding the labelling specifications amongst various toothpastes on the Malaysian market. This standard needs to be identified and should include information regarding the type of fluoride, concentration of fluoride, country of manufacture, and other necessary specifications printed on the toothpaste packaging.
Socio-Economics of Childhood Pulmonary Tuberculosis with Adult Tuberculosis Household Contacts in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Province Asyary, Al; Junadi, Purnawan; Purwantyastuti, Purwantyastuti; Eryando, Tris
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 21, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: Since the tuberculosis (TB) disease in children constitutes a global health problem that has long been neglected, this study sought to predict socioeconomic factors as public-health determinants that could protect children who were exposed to TB in their household. Method: A case-control study of 132 children (under 14 years old) who shared their household with adults suffering from pulmonary TB was conducted in the Province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. This study consisted of an interview and anthropometry measurement for the controls screening test, while the cases were monitored by pediatricians with a scoring system childhood TB diagnosis from the secondary hospital database. A multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the results. Results: A healthy housing condition, predicted by a naturally illuminated luminary bedroom prevented the incidence of the childhood TB disease (p = 0.043) even if exposed to adult TB in their environment (p = 0.775). Conclusions: Healthy housing factors with good sunlight protected children especially at the early stage, when there were active pulmonary TB adult household contacts. Ventilation and morning sunlight facilitated air circulation, vitality and the body’s immune system towards TB protection.
A Cross-Sectional Study of the Candidal Species Isolated in the Oral Cavities of Type II Diabetic Patients Samnieng, Patcharaphol; Sonthayasathapon, Sita; Siriwat, Masjutha; Jeamanukulkit, Supanee
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 21, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and colonisation of Candida species and to study the factors related to candidal colonisation in the oral cavity among type II diabetic patients. Methods: The data of 102 diabetic patients was collected from the Outpatient Diabetic Clinic at the Naresuan University Hospital. Data was collected via a questionnaire and oral examination. The subjects were measured for their fasting blood sugar levels and salivary pH. Candida colonisation was assessed using saliva sampling, and was cultured on CHROMagar Candida plates. Species and colony forming unit/mL were recorded. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of oral Candida species in diabetic patients was 73.5%. The most frequent candidal species in diabetics were Candida albicans (68.6%), followed by C. glabrata (28.4%), C. tropicalis (10.8%), and C. krusei (2.0%) respectively. There was no statistical significance between the fasting plasma glucose levels and oral Candida species colonisation. Logistic regression showed that a decrease of the salivary pH was related to the colonisation of candidal species. Results showed that the use of a dental prosthesis was a related factor to the colonisation of candidal species (p < 0.05). Conclusions: A high prevalence of candidal species were found in type II diabetic patients. Salivary pH and use of a dental prosthesis are factors that promote candidal infections in type II diabetic patients
Impacts of Impaired Vision and Eye Diseases on Vision-Related Quality of Life in Indonesia Asroruddin, Muhammad; Artini, Widya; Gondhowiarjo, Tjahjono D; Rahayu, Tri; Lestari, Yeni D
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 21, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: To determine the impacts of visual impairment and eye diseases on vision-related quality of life (QoL) in populations with severe visual impairment (SVI) and blindness in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 134 respondents from, 5 different provinces, simultaneously with a validation study using data from the 2013 National Basic Health Survey. Participants aged ≥ 18 years with visual acuity of < 6/60 underwent an ocular examination and guided interview. The impact of vision impairment related to their QoL was assessed using the NEI-VFQ 25 questionnaire. The scores were then compared between participants with blindness (< 3/60) and participants with SVI (> 3/60 to < 5/60), and the causes of visual impairment. Results: Severe visual impairment and blindness were mostly found in productive aged females with lower education and income levels, and cataracts were the leading cause. Vision-related quality of life was lower in the blind group compared to the SVI group (p = 0.001). The impacts of visual impairment related mostly to distance activities (p = 0.007), social functions, and near activities (p = 0.002). NEI-VFQ 25 scores were lower in glaucoma respondents than cataract respondents. Conclusions: Results suggest that subjects with blindness had a lower total QoL score than those with SVI, in addition to the subscale scores. Furthermore, glaucoma disease had the lowest QoL score.

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