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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 02151936 EISSN : 26148412 DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320

Core Subject : Health,

Nursing Public Health

Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan

Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 23, No 4 (2007)" : 7 Documents clear

The Study on Health Impact of Suteti Among Community Living Under Suteti Towers, 2007 Corrie Wawolumaya
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background and Method: A study on the health impact of the Extra High Voltage Transmission power line, 500 kV (SUTETI) was carried out among 1750 people who have been living for more than 15 years around the tower in Jakarta and Tambun. The dependent variables were health impact based on identification of laboratory exams on blood chemistry, electrocardiogram, adult roentgen photo, bone photo roentgen of children, hypertension as well as mental emotional disorders using Cornell Medical Index (CMI) and Sleeping Disorders. The melatonin enzyme was measured trying to identify the association with electromagnetic field exposure and mental psychosomatics evidence. The independent or risk factors measured besides the socio demographic, duration of stay, length of stay at home, smoking were the respondents' annoyance and satisfaction living around the tower and the reasons of feeling not safe. At the same time the electromagnetic field was also measured separately. The personal electric and magnetic field doses were the function of length of stay inside the house and the electric field and magnetic field measured inside the house. The study location was divided into three zones, zone 1, 0-30 ms left and right sides from center of tower foot, zone 2, 30-70 ms and zone 3, 70-100 ms.Results and Conclusion: Study results reported the range of electric field measured , at one meter from the ground, showed the highest 3,2 kV/m just underneath the tower (10-30 m), declined to 0,5 kV/m about 70 m away from the center of the tower and steadily declined, about 70-100 m, the electric field became very small to 0,0 kV/m The magnetic field measured were, the highest 20-30 m, 534 mA/m ( 6,7x 10 -² mT), declined at the distance of 70 m to 110 mA/m ( 1,3 x 10 -² mT ), very small at a 100 m, 50 mA/m ( 6,3 x 10 -3 mT). Study results also revealed that there were no significant associations identified between adults roentgen results, children bone roentgen results, hypertension, mental emotional disorders/ CMI, sleeping disorders with electric and magnetic field dose . The logistic regression functions reported the magnetic field dose as a borderline determinant to electrocardiogram. People who lived 0-70 m had 7 times greater risk to suffer from emotional mental disorders than those living >70 m away from the tower even though mental emotional disorders was neither significant to electro field dose nor to magnetic field dose. The melatonin correlates positively with electromagnetic doses which mean melatonin was not suppressed by the electromagnetic exposures. Melatonin also neither associated with CMI nor with sleeping disorders.Keywords: Extra High Voltage Power Line Transmission (SUTETI), lab exams on blood chemistry, electrocardiogram /ECG, roentgen, bone roentgen in children, CMI, Sleeping disorders, melatonin, electric field dose, magnetic field dose

Observations from Three Suicide Cases Post-Yogyakarta Earthquake, 2006 Carla R Marchira
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Saturday, May 27th 2006, 05:53AM, a 5.9 Richter's Scale tectonic earthquake shook the Province of Yogyakarta. Mass panic swept the city due to a spreading rumor of an oncoming tsunami wave which is to follow the earthquake. Traffic all over the city was jammed, buildings collapsed, and many were injured and killed by the rubble. Due to the shock of the situation, the trauma resulted in mental distress for many of those directly and indirectly affected.Objective: To report the suicide cases following the earthquake in five districts of Yogyakarta Province.Method: To do in-depth interviews with the families of the suicide victims to describe suicide cases shortly after the Yogyakarta earthquake.Result: There were three consecutive suicide cases shortly after the earthquake (2-6 days). Two cases come from the most affected area, Bantul District and one case comes from the dry area, Gunungkidul District.Conclusions:There were three consecutive suicide cases shortly after the earthquake (1st week), all cases were males. There was no evidence that the earthquake caused the suicide of these cases directly, but the impact of the earthquake may have increased stress and inability to cope that ultimately led to their tragic ends.Keywords: mental health, trauma, Yogyakarta Earthquake, suicide

Differences in Body Composition of Children 12-15 Years Living at Highland and Lowland in Kulonprogo Yogyakarta Janatin Hastuti, Alwahyulhaq Jati Sasmito, Ari Kurniawat
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Body composition changes during growth. From age of 12 to 15 years one of the important growth periods occurs indicated by adolescent growth spurt in the circum pubertal age. Measuring body composition of children necessary, since the different components of body composition vary with age, sex, and maturity status. Many studies showed that high altitude affects morphological and physiological characters of children which are reflected in a different growth pattern.Objective: The aim of this research was to investigate the differences of body composition of children at age of 12-15 years in Samigaluh highland and Galur lowland in Kulonprogo Regency Yogyakarta Province.Methods: The research was done on 502 children of 12-15 years old, boys and girls, consisted of 232 children living in Samigaluh highland and 270 children living in Galur lowland. The children were healthy and did not have physical and mental disorder. Some measurements were taken on the children, included weight, and stature, skin fold thickness of triceps, infrascapula, suprailiaca, abdominal, thigh, and calf. The components of body composition were then estimated from those measurements, i.e. Body Mass Index, lean body weight, total fat, and percentage of body fat. Statistical analysis by t-test and Pearson correlation were used in this research.Results: Body mass index, total fat and percentage of body fat of girls in highland and lowland populations were greater than the boys, but they were smaller on lean body mass. Girls of lowland population were greater on total fat, but they were slight smaller on body mass index except at age of 12 years. Lean body weight and percentage of body fat in girls of both populations were not different except at age of 12 years. Boys living in highland were smaller than their peers in lowland on most of body composition components except total fat.Conclusions: Estimated body composition of children of highland and lowland in Kulonprogo were different between boys and girls. In comparison to the girls, boys showed greater difference in body composition. However, by the increase of age, growth patterns of body composition components on both populations were similar, except total fat of highland boys.Keywords: body composition, children, highland, lowland

Perilaku Pengobatan Sendiri yang Rasional pada Masyarakat Susi Ari Kristina, Yayi Suryo Prabandari, Riswaka Sudjaswadi
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Self-medication is defined as used of drugs in community to relieve symptoms of minor illnesses without doctor intervention. Self-medication have many advantages, including safe if properly used and relieve symptom of minor illnesses effectively. Self-medication prevalence in Indonesia in 2005 is 24.1% and in DIY province in 2004 is 87.73%. The behavior of rational self-medication is influenced by sex, age, education level, occupation, income level , knowledge, and positive attitude toward self-medication. The majority of community had low level of self-medication knowledge, therefore health promotion about self-medication is very important to be implemented in community.Method: This was an observational research with cross sectional design that used quantitative method. The number of respondent was 174, and the samples were chosen by multistage random sampling based on the villages number. Data was collected by using structured questionnaire and nonpartisipative observation. The data was analyzed by using independent sample t-test, Pearson correlation and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression.Result: The result of the research showed that the majority of respondent’s knowledge was low (52.9%), attitude was bad (57.5%), and self-medication behavior was irrational (67.8%). The result of bivariate analysis showed that there was significant relationship between sex, age, level of knowledge, occupation, income level, knowledge and attitude with rational self-medication behavior. Resident and the distance from health facility were no significant related to rational self-medication behavior. Multivariate analysis result showed that education level was the most influencing rational self-medication behavior at confidence level 95%.Conclusion: There was significant relationship between knowledge and attitude with rational self-medication behavior. Sociodemographic factors that have significant relationship with rational self-medication behavior were sex, age, level of knowledge, occupation and income level. Education level was the most influencing rational self-medication behavior.Keywords: self-medication behavior, knowledge, attitude, sociodemographic factors

Perilaku Ibu Memanfaatkan Pelayanan Kesehatan Selama Hamil dan Penggunaan Kontrasepsi Selama Menyusui Indarwati Siswanto Agus Wilopo, Djauhar Ismail
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: The 2002-2003 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) data indicated an increase up to 41% in the number of children not breastfed until two years old. Previously, according to 1997 IDHS data, there were only 34% babies who were weaning before they had reached two years. This increase was in line with the increasing number of pregnant mothers utilizing health care and hormonal contraceptives.Objective: to explore the correlation between the length of breastfeeding and the behaviors of Indonesian pregnant mothers utilizing health care and hormonal contraceptives.Methodology: Using the cohort retrospective approach, the research was conducted upon 5940 mothers, who were 15 years to 49 years old. Each had at least one under-five-years-old child. The proportional Odds Model was employed to analyze the ordinal out come of the study. The life table served to show the continuity of breastfeeding. The variables taken were the length of breastfeeding. ANC visits, contraceptive usage, ownership assets, educational level, working status, parity, residence, prelactal liquid and milk from bottles.Findings; The probability of breastfeeding up two years old between mothers with ANC visits and without ANC visits were notdifferent. The probability of breastfeeding until two years old between mothers using non-hormonal contraception was higher compared to hormonal ones. The risk of weaning before two years in mothers using hormonal contraception was higher (1.5 times) compared to those using non-hormonal contraception.Conclusion: Factors significantly correlated with breastfeeding period were women's behaviors and characteristic as well as the family's economic status, the declining median of breastfeeding period of Indonesian mothers had strong correlation with hormonal contraceptive usage and bottles milk.Keywords: breastfeeding, antenatal care, contraceptives, demography

Gaya Hidup, Status Gizi dan Stamina Atlet pada Sebuah Klub Sepakbola Mirza Hapsari Sakti Titis Penggalih, Emy Huriyat
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Indonesian Sport’s achievement is decline in ASEAN level. It has been being our consideration for professional athletes in Indonesia. Nutrition is one of major factor that contribute a lot of sports performance in athletes. Carbohydrates, protein, fat, fibber, fluid and others micro nutrient intakes are important to maintain health, training adaptation, and improve performance athlete weather neither in training session nor in match day.Objective: The aim of this research was to know about lifestyle, nutritional status and athlete’s endurance in a soccer club.Method: This research was an observational research with cross-sectional design. This research was held in Gelora Remaja Persatuan Sepakbola Kabupaten Pasuruan (PerseKabPas). Research subject were athletes who train under this club and follow the research. Data collected through interview (nutritional intake and lifestyle); anthropometry measurements (weight, height, and skin fold); and VO2max measurement. Data was displayed descriptively and analysed with regression and chi-square technique.Result: Sixteenth respondents involved in this research. Athletes were never drinks alcohol (0 glass/ d), coffee (0, 4 glass/d), smoke (1 cigarette/d); tea consumption (1, 75 glass/d) and three time eating pattern. Daily activities were sleep (7, 63 h/d); training (3, 5 h/d); Work (3, 06 h/d) and study (1, 69 h/d). Nutritional intake for calories (daily, pre and post match day) respectively were 1559,85 cal; 1417,89 cal and 1708,07 cal. Protein intakes were 57,41 gr; 44,18 gr; 51,32 gr. Fat intakes were 31,12 gr; 30,86 gr; 33,48 gr. Carbohydrate intakes were 229,43 gr; 215,69 gr; 274,73 gr. Body Mass Index and body fat were 20,93 kg/m2 and 11, 05%. VO2Max measurement was 38, 13. The regression and chi-square technique shown that age, BMI, body fat independently didn’t give any positive and significant relation to athlete’s endurance (P>0,05), but BMI and body fat together; calories intake; lifestyle and physical activities gave a positive and significance relation to athletes endurance (P<0,05).Conclusion: Nutritional intake in this research was fa0r below the recommended nutritional needs for adult and national athletes. Athlete’s lifestyle has been applying the recommendation from International Olympic Committee; Nutritional status was normal (BMI and body fat). Athlete’s endurance was far below national athletes of endurance standard. There were a positive and significance relation between calories intake, lifestyle, physical activities and nutritional status to athlete’s endurance.Keywords: lifestyle, nutritional status, endurance, soccer

Hubungan antara Kesadahan Air Minum, Kadar Kalsium dan Sedimen Kalsium Oksalat Urin pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar M. Dody Izhar, Haripurnomo K, Suhardi Darmoatmodjo
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 4 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Water hardness containing calcium mineral (Ca2+) is supposed to increase absorption in intestinal lumen and calcium excretion (hyper-calciuria) of urine. Alkalic conditioned urine can cause changes of saturation concentration to become calcium supersaturation leading to the crystalization of calcium oxalate.Objective: To identify the relationship between drinking water hardness, drinking and eating habit to calcium level and urine calcium oxalate sediment.Method: The study was observational with cross sectional design. Examination analysis of drinking water hardness (mg/l), level of urine calcium (mg/dl) and calcium oxalate sediment of first/morning urine samples of 128 elementary school students (6-12 years old) was carried out using one-stage cluster random sampling technique at Sidowangi Subdistrict of Kajoran, District of Magelang, Central Java. Data of drinking and eating habit for bestial protein, vegetable protein, calcium and phospor, uric acid, oxalic acid and citric acid of the subject of the study were obtained from interview using questionnaires and food frequency forms. Data analysis used Stata version 8.0 program for windows at significance level. p<0.05.Result: Ave0rage value and main deviation of drinking water hardness was 66.75 + 8.36, level of urine was 10.43 + 6.40 and there were 52 subjects (40.63%) with calcium oxalate crystal. The result of statistical analysis showed that drinking water hardness did not affect level of urine calcium (rs =0.004; p=0.967; POR=1,017; 95% CI=0.476-2.172) and calcium oxalate sediment (rs=-0.007; p=0.937; POR=0.972; 95% CI= 0.480-1,969). Drinkinghabit (p=0.007; POR=3.509; 95% CI=1.339-8.802) and eating habit of citric acid sources (adequate p=0.066; POR=3.037; 95%CI=0.931-9,903, less p=0.000; POR=10,996; 95% CI=3.533-34.218) were 2 predisposition variables of calcium oxalate sediment status.Conclusion: Drinking water hardness had no effect to level of urine calcium and calcium oxalate sediment. Drinking habit and eating habit for citric acid sources were 2 most determining factors, i.e. as protection or inhibitor of calcium oxalate crystalization formation.Keywords: water hardness, calcium level, calcium oxalate sediment

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Ika Kusumaningtyas

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Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

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Abstract

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Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Ika Kusumaningtyas

Contact Email tyas.kusuma@ugm.ac.id

Phone +628988833412

Journal Mail Official bkm.fk@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Ika Kusumaningtyas

Contact Email
tyas.kusuma@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+628988833412

Journal Mail Official
bkm.fk@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA