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Journal of Global Pharma Technology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 09758542     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
ournal of Global Pharma Technology is a monthly, open access, Peer review journal of Pharmacy published by JGPT Journal publishes peer-reviewed original research papers, case reports and systematic reviews. The journal allows free access to its contents, which is likely to attract more readers and citations to articles published in JGPT. JGPT publishes original research work that contributes significantly to the scientific knowledge in pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences- Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Cosmeticology, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacognosy, Natural Product Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacology, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Applied Computer Technology. For this purpose we would like to ask you to contribute your excellent papers in pharmaceutical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Onkologi
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Investigating the Effect of Oral Administration of Zinc Sulfate on Some Acute Phase Proteins of Serum Antioxidants and Thyroid Hormones in Women with Diabetes Type ΙΙ and Comparing it with Animal Model (Rat) Alireza Mehdizadeh
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

Introduction Diabetes is a non-communicable disease that is very common and costly and it has been known as one of the major causes of death in the world, manifested in the form of gradual increase in blood glucose concentration and reduced blood content or disorder in insulin signaling pathway. In this regard, many researchers concluded that minerals play a significant role in controlling blood sugar and improving the general state of diabetic patients. Therefore, the effect of oral administration of zinc as a micronutrient that has the insulin-like properties and involved in the production, storage, and secretion of insulin with different doses was studied in both human and animal models (rats).Methodology Human study includes four groups, in which one group was positive control group and three other groups received 25, 12.5, and 50 mg zinc on daily basis, and animal study included five groups including positive control group, negative control group, and three groups received 25, 12.5, and 50 mg zinc per kg of food.  It should be stated that to create diabetes in rats, Streptozotocin drug with dose of 45 kg/mg and citrate buffer solvent injected in the form of IP were used. Results In a recent study, we concluded that study groups received different doses of zinc showed significant difference with control groups in both human and animal models, in other measured parameters such as acute phase proteins like CRP, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and FT3 thyroid hormone FT3 in addition to the blood glucose reduction. Generally, it can be concluded that by taking zinc, acute phase protein reduced in these patients and by strengthening the body immune system through increasing the antioxidant capacity, it leads to reduced malondialdehyde.Keywords: Diabetes disease, Human and rat, Acute phase protein, Total antioxidant capacity, Malondialdehyde.  Thyroid hormone FT3- blood glucose.
Musculoskeletal Problems Induced by the Cycling Activity Paramita Dyah Lasmana
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 12.
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ABSTRACTINTRODUCTIONThere are some musculoskeletal problems that may arise due to cycling. It may be related from overuse due to unproper bike settings. The aim of this study is to understand cycling related musculoskeletal problems.MATERIALS AND METHODSThis was an observational study conducted on 32 adult respondents who ride a bicycle at least once a week. The parameters used in this study was illeotibialband syndrome, patellar mallalignment sign, inseam frame size ratio and x ray-based measurement (insalsavati index and sulcus angle). Cross tabs and independent test were used to analyze the correlation of unusculoskeletal problems with the factors that may affect.RESULTSThere was 32 respondents with 30 readable knee x-ray. Cycling frequency and distance, apprehension test result, knee Q angle, Sulcus angle, and Insalsavati index were found to have no correlation with the occurrence of knee pain. Age, knee angle, and frame size-inseam ratio were found to have unrelation significantly with p value,0,06; 0,025,and 0,00, respectively.CONCLUSIONThis study showed that knee pain in cycling was correlated significantly with age, knee angle, and frame size-inseam ratio. These results may be used to define the best frame size of bike no prevent cycling-related musculoskeletal problems. KEYWORDSCycling; musculoskeletal problems
Effects of Hydrochlorothiazide on Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats Iman Ghanim Al-Rakhat
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 05.
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Abstract

Background: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor used for the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, is now one of the most widely used antiretroviral drug. This is largely due to its high antiretroviral activity, relatively good metabolic profile and more importantly good compliance as it has a once-daily dosing. However, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate can induce renal toxicity which can be attributed to the accumulation of such drug in the proximal renal tubular cells, leading to mitochondrial toxicity, and subsequent renal tubular acidosis leading to acute kidney injury. Objective: This study was designed to investigate whether hydrochlorthiazide has renoprotective effects on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate -induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Methods: Twenty eight healthy adult male albino rats weighing 180-200g were utilized in this study. Rats were randomly divided into four groups (7animals each). Group I: Negative control (given distilled water) orally by gavage tube for 5 weeks; Group II: Rats orally received 600 mg/kg/day tenofovir disoproxil fumarate by gavage tube for 5 weeks; Group III: Rats administered hydrochlorothiazide alone at a dose (10 mg/kg/day) by gavage tube for 5 weeks and Group IV: Rats administered hydrochlorothiazide at a dose (10 mg/kg/day) plus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 600 mg/kg/day by gavage tube for 5 weeks. Results: Administration of hydrochlorothiazide plus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate to rats for 5 weeks produced significant elevation (P<0.05) of MDA content and a significant reduction (P<0.05) in the total antioxidant level in renal homogenate compared to the corresponding levels of negative control animals. Conclusion: treatment with hydrochlorothiazide plus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in an attempt to prevent the renal toxicity-induced by tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is not effective for inhibiting oxidative stress process.
Study of Bacterial and Phytochemical Contamination in Some Samples of Bottled and Locally Produced Water Lujain Ebrahim Hussain
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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This study was conducted on a number of samples of the most used bottled water found in the governorate markets (Lojin, Thaghir, Sawa, Al Waha, Manar, Rawdatain, Nawar, Al Khaleej, and Albakhera). The samples were between 200 500 and 1500 m The study included detection of total colon bacteria and some physical and chemical properties, namely pH, total dissolved solids, calcium, magnesium, chlorides and sulphates in mg / l unit. The results showed that all samples were acceptable and suitable for using the pylogia, which were within the Iraqi standard of drinking except for the water of the hole where it was polluted (15) colon colony of colon, but globally samples were water oasis and Roumtin and Manar are samples only drinkable, as for the physical and chemical tests were all the characteristics And all samples are acceptable within the Iraqi and international standards for drinking water, but most of the values were greater than mentioned on cans mentioned by the manufacturers.Keywords: Bottled water, Bacteria, Hardness, Sulphate, chloride.
Improving the Quality of Beef Burger by Adding Thyme and Rosemary Powder Manal Abd Al-wahed Al-Sirrag
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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The presented study aimed to investigate the effect of the addition of different concentration of rosemary and Thyme powder on the quality and stability of beef burger. Ten treatment  with different concentration of rosemary and thyme T1 (Control) T2(2%) rosemary, T3(4%) rosemary, T4(6%) rosemary, T5(2%)thyme, T6(4%)thyme, T7(6%), T8(rosemary6% + 2% theme), T9( 4% rosemary+ 2%thyme), T10(2%rosemary+4%thyme) were added to beef meat and stored for 0,7,10 weeks. shaped after each period of storage, cooked and evaluated .The obtained results indicated that the best sensory quality was noticed at the lowest concentration 2% of both rosemary and thyme and  there was a significant improvement of odor, flavours, color, and over all acceptability of investigated samples were observed at 0,7,10 weeks. On the other hand, improvement in sensory characteristics could be noticed in sensory characteristics in samples treated with thyme or rosemary 4% concentration after seventh weak storage compared with control samples. High concentration (6%) of added rosemary or thyme to treated samples revealed UN overall acceptability in sensory characteristics.Keywords: Thyme, Rosemary, Herbes, Beef burger Patties and sensory characteristics.
The Study of A Linear and Non-Linear Optical Property for PMMA Thin Films Doped with the Rhodamine B Laser Dye and Ag Nano Particles are Used in Medicine Mithaq M. Mehdy Al- Sultani
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Four different mixtures of ( 10-3 mol/l Rhoda mine B laser dye , 0.1 gm PMMA and one of Ag nano particles weights ( 0.02 gm ,0.04 gm , 0.06 gm and 0.08 gm ) )   had been prepared using chloroform solvent .Four different thin films had been made from these mixtures  using drop casting method .The absorption   spectrums of  these thin films had been taken . The absorption spectral properties as (peak wave length, peak absorbance and frequency difference at half absorbance maximum) had been measured depending on the absorption spectrums for thin films. The non- linear optical properties as (Transmittance difference )  ,Non –linear phase shift    , Non-linear Refractive index  , Minimum normalized transmittance  and  Non-linear absorption coefficient ) were calculated according to normalized transmittance data obtained from Z—scan setup with closed and open aperture .The main conclusion is that the Ag nano particles causes a shift of  the absorption wavelengths  to longer wavelengths ( red shift ) , so this helps in choosing the medium and nano particles with appropriate excitation wavelengths .Keywords: Rhoda mine B laser dye, Ag nano particles, Linear, Non-linear, Properties. 
Family Caregiver’s Perception and Comprehension toward Pressure Injury Prevention in Bedridden Patients after Discharge from Hospitals Martono .
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 02 (2020) Feb. 2020
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Objectives: Perception and understanding of pressure injury care is an important basis for family caregivers in preventing pressure injuries in stroke paralysis patients.The aims of this study to assess the caregiver family's perceptions and comprehension in preventing pressure injury. Methods: The design of this study was cross sectional. The survey was conducted on 357 family caregivers in nursing homes, Indonesia. Potential participants were recruited from Family Caregiver who treated stroke paralysis patients who were bedridden after being discharged from the hospital in a nursing home. Predictor variables (independent) of this study consisted of perception and comprehension and the dependent variable of this study was prevention of pressure injuries. Data were collected using a questionnaire: The analysis used linear regression with a significance level of p ≤0.05. Results: Simultaneously, 36.1% of perception and comprehension explained the prevention of pressure injury as evidenced by the value R2 = 0.361; p (F test) = 0.049. Partially, 19.4% perception of the prevention of pressure injury prevention was proven to be p (t-test) =0.016; R2=19.4% and 12.2% comprehension explained the prevention of pressure injury as evidenced by the value of p (t-test) = 0.019; R2=12.2% with a confidence interval of 95%. Conclusion: Family caregiver’s comprehension of the prevention of pressure toward pressure injury prevention in bedridden patients after discharge from hospitals was low. Perceptions and comprehension factors of family caregivers contribute to the prevention of pressure injury in stroke paralysis patients who are bedridden.Keywords: Caregivers, Perception, Comprehension, Pressure injury.
Morphological Description and Histological Structure of Kidney in (White Breasted King Fisher) Halcyon Smyrnensis (Linnaeus, 1758) Isrra Adnan Auda Khadhim
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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The result of anatomical examination indicated that the bird of the current study has a pair of kidney that take asymmetrical position on both side of vertebral column in a bony depression called renal fossa within the synsacrum, each kidney composed of three lobes, cranial, middle and caudal lobe, the result of present study indicate that there is a difference in the location of the cranial lobe of left kidney between male and female, whereas the caudal lobe is the largest kidney lobe. The kidney surrounded by a thin capsule of connective tissue, the basic unit of the kidney is the lobule , each lobule consist of cortical and medullary tissue, the lobules looks pear shape and surrounded from two side by interlobular vein and the intralobular vein located in the center of lobule , the kidney consist of two areas cortex and medulla, the cortex occupies more space than the medulla, the cortex contain glomerulus , proximal convoluted tubules and distal convoluted tubule , while the medulla contain thin and thick of Henle,s loop, collecting tubule and collecting duct.Keywords: Kidney, White breasted king fisher, Morphological description, Histological structure.
Investigation of Binding Efficacy of Pectin Isolated from Solanum betaceum Cav using Tabletting Technology Benedict Jose C
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 12 (2020) Dec. 2020
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Pectin’s are widely used in food industry and Pharmaceutical industry. It is also a natural part of the human diet. The current research work deals with the isolation and preliminary characterization of pectin from tree tomato (Solanum betaceaum Cav) and further to evaluate its binding property with starch and Poly Vinyl Pyrollidone (PVP). The pectin was subjected to phytochemical and physicochemical characterization and its suitability to use as binding agent. FT-IR spectroscopy, DSC studies were performed for drug, Solanum betaceaum Cav pectin (SBP) powder and the tablets were prepared with isolated pectin and other binders. Paracetamol tablets were prepared by wet granulation method containing mannitol and microcrystalline cellulose as diluents, using 4%, 8% and 12 %w/w of SBP, starch and PVP as binding agents in the tablet formulation. Precompressional properties of granules and tablets such as Carr’s index, Hausner’s ratio and angle of repose and quality control tests like weight variation, thickness, friability, hardness and disintegration time were determine and found satisfactory. The in vitro release studies shows that release rate of drug is decreased with increase in the SBP percentage in the formulation. Solanum betaceaum Cav pectin powder showed good binding. The binding efficiency of Solanum betaceaum Cav pectin was comparable with binding character of starch 12% and PVP 8%. The pectin isolated from Solanum betaceaum Cav can be used as binder in the formulation of tablets. Keywords: Solanum betaceaum Cav pectin, Fruit pectin, Tree tomato, Tamarillo pectin, Natural binder, Natural excipients.
Chemical Composition and Bioactivity Characteristics of Pimpinella Anisum Essential Oil against Trichophyton rubrum Ali Jalil Obaid
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Background: The present study was conducted to assess the phytochemical and bioactive characteristics of anise oil on metabolic activity of Trichophyton rubrum. Methods: Essential oil was extracted from anise seeds using a Clevenger-type apparatus. Phyto chemical analysis of active material was carried out, through TLC accompanied autoradiography, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and GC-MS analyses were proceeded to relate the chemical profile with their antifungal activity. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined using the micro wells dilution method. Inhibitory effect of crude anise oil and anethole was investigated against T. rubrum. Cytotoxic effects of anise oil and anethole was concluding using MTT assay. Effects and interaction of anethole with ergosterol of fungi cell membrane was assayed. Results: Qualitative TLC, HPLC analysis revealed the present of anethole in the essential oil from anise seeds. One volatile compound in the extracts of anise oil sample was identified as anethole under the chromatographic conditions. GC-MS analysis revealed that anethole is the major compound in essential oil of P. anisum, in which trans-anethole was 96.8%, then Himachalene (1.84%), other components were also present but less than 1% e.g. Estragole, cyclohexene and 2-Methoxy-5-(1-propenyl) phenol. The tested strains of this fungus revealed substantial sensitivity pattern to assayed anethole. Results showed that there was total growth inhibition of the dermatophytes isolates at minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) between 15.6 μ g/m L for crude oil and 7.5 μ g/m L  for anethole. MTT assay revealed that anethole is safe as phototherapeutic agents, when it is having no effects on normal cell, but shown anticancer activity against cancer cell. Conclusions: The obtained results suggested that essential anise oil and anethole might be a potential source of new antimicrobial agents and could be valuable as an alternative drug against T. rubrum.Keywords: Trichophyton rubrum, Anise essential oil, TLC-bio autography, HPLC, GC-MS, Antifungal activity.

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