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Journal of Global Pharma Technology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 09758542     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
ournal of Global Pharma Technology is a monthly, open access, Peer review journal of Pharmacy published by JGPT Journal publishes peer-reviewed original research papers, case reports and systematic reviews. The journal allows free access to its contents, which is likely to attract more readers and citations to articles published in JGPT. JGPT publishes original research work that contributes significantly to the scientific knowledge in pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences- Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Cosmeticology, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacognosy, Natural Product Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacology, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Applied Computer Technology. For this purpose we would like to ask you to contribute your excellent papers in pharmaceutical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Onkologi
Articles 1,092 Documents
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Histo-Chemical Effects of Iraqi-Camel Colostrum Extracts on Some Liver Biomarkers in Albino Rats Zainab Ibrahim Mohammed
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 02 (2020) Feb. 2020
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Abstract

This study was intended to investigate the histo-chemical effects of Iraqi camel (Camelus dromedaries) colostrum on liver tissues and enzymes of albino rats, Rattus norvegicus. Colostrum was collected at 30ml at post-parturition times of 0, 6, and 12hr. The colostrum was subjected to an extraction procedure to obtain a filtered fluid that contained bioactive substances. These extracted fluids were given to 4 groups/5 rats each. Group1 (0G), Rats were given 0.1ml of 0hr-colostrum extract orally for 1 week. Group2 (6G), Rats were given 0.1ml of 6hr-colostrum extract orally for 1 week. Group3 (12G), Rats were given 0.1ml of 12hr-colostrum extract orally for 1 week. Group4 (control group, CG), Rats were given tap water only. Body and liver weights were measured every week for 4 weeks. Blood samples and liver samples were collected after 30 days to perform assays of measuring serum proteins and liver enzymes. The results indicate richness of colostrum with protein and fat. The results also revealed increases the levels of liver enzymes and changes in the tissues of the livers. These levels increased especially at 30 days of the experiment for the groups that were given camel colostrum extracts. These results indicate important effects of camel colostrum to prepare and protect body against various environmental intruders such as pathogens. Our results generate important information for future work to thoroughly study colostrum extracts on infections in humans and animals.Keywords: Camel, Colostrum, Liver enzymes, Rats. 
An Analytical Study of Iraq's Participation in the Olympic Swimming Championships for the Period 1956-2016 Zahia Sabah Abdulsalam
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

The Problem of Research is to answer the Following QuestionsIs there a comprehensive historical study of all of Iraq's participation in the Olympic Games in swimming sport since the founding of the Iraqi Federation in 1956 and until 2016?Is there a study that presented the most important achievements achieved by Iraq in the sport of swimming during the Olympic Games for the period 1956 to 2016?Detecting the reasons that hindered Iraq's access to advanced positions in the Iraqi Olympic Swimming during the participations.Are there any reasons why Iraq did not participate in the sport of swimming in some Olympic Games during the period 1956 to 2016?The Research Objectives toRecognition of Iraq's participation in the sport of Olympic swimming in the Olympic Games since the founding of the Iraqi Federation in 1965 until 2016.Recognize the most important achievements achieved by Iraq in the sport of Olympic swimming in the Olympic Games during the period from 1965 to 2016.Identify the main obstacles that prevented Iraq from participating in some of the Olympic Games in this sport.The researchers discussed the history of the Iraqi swim and the presentation of all the Olympic Games since the emergence of the first session until 2016, whether there was a participation of Iraq in that session or not, and used the historical approach or so-called documentary methodology, benefiting from the analysis and discussion of all Iraq's foreign participation in the courses The research community represents the pioneers, swimmers, trainers and members of the current governing bodies of the Iraqi Central Swimming Federation, who have witnessed all the participations from 1956 to 2016 in the spa. The study sample consisted of (60) persons, (50) persons are the sample of the main experiment, and (10) people were the sample of the pilot experiment.The Researchers Concluded the Following:Most of Iraq's participation in the courses was very modest or weak.Decrease in the number of swimmers participating in modern courses due to economic and administrative reasonsLack of adequate infrastructure for swimmers as well as lack of material resources provided to swimmers by previous and current federations and for various conditions as well.The fluctuation in the previous years and for several reasons.The lack of material resources for holding special training camps prior to participation in the courses and if they are rare, they do not fit in with the number of courses held and participating in them.Keywords: Analytical study and Olympic Swimming.
Detection of Candida albicans in Females Urinary Tract Infection by using Microscopical and Cultural Methods of Urine Samples in Kirkuk City - Iraq Burhan A. Mohammed
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 05.
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Abstract

Background: Candiduria is an infectious condition worldwide distribution as a primary infection of human urogenital tract caused by Candida albicans predominantly. Increasing of urinary tract infections with Candida species has led to antifungal resistant conditions as a common problem of women specifically among pregnant women. This study is an attempt to show the incidence of Candida albicans among women attending gynecology clinical in Kirkuk General Hospital in Kirkuk city, by microscopically technique and urine inoculation into Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. Methods & Materials: In this study, one hundred and seventy-four midstream urine samples from women patients of gynecology clinical in Kirkuk General Hospital were collected. All the subjects were clinically assessed for studying C .albicans infection, and then inoculated on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. Results: The highest percentage of infection of C. albicans was 38(52.8%) of the positive patients and in relation to the patients pregnancy status, C. albicans infection revealed a prevalence of 36(53.7%) higher than 2(40%) for the non-pregnant patients with abnormal general urine examination in age group 27-36 years respectively. Conclusions: The study revealed that the prevalence of Candidal urinary tract infections (UTIs) among the younger reproductive age of the pregnant women was higher than that of non-pregnant women and the Candida albicans was the most common Candida species causative agent of the urinary tract Candidiasis.  Keywords: C. albicans, Microscopical, Culture Methods, UTI.            
The Effectiveness of Ranitidine Compared to Omeprazole in Maintaining Gastric Acidity in Head Injury Patients Tjokorda Gde Agung Senapathi
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 08 (2019) Aug. 2019
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Abstract

Background: Gastric bleeding due to stress-related mucosal damage (SRMD) is a condition that is caused due to erosive gastritis that often occurs in critically ill patients in intensive care. One condition that is known as a risk factor for SRMD is traumatic brain injury. Two common agents used as gastric ulcer prophylaxis are proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and H2 antagonist receptor (H2AR). The goal of this study was to compare the effectiveness of PPI and H2AR administration as prophylaxis of SMRD in patients with TBIs who were treated in the ICU. Patients and Methods: This is a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial with pre and post-test measurements. All subjects were measured for baseline gastric pH before being given gastric ulcer prophylaxis. Gastric pH was measured using a pH-meter. The subjects were divided into two groups: omeprazole group (omeprazole 40 mg every 12 hours) and ranitidine group (received ranitidine 50 mg every 12 hours). The pH levels were measured regularly twice daily for five days.  Results: 56 subjects were involved in this study and divided equally into two groups. For each gastric pH measurement, the pH in both groups did not significantly differ. The optimal gastric pH was achieved in 24 hours after the first administration of gastric ulcer prophylaxis.  Conclusions: The administration of ranitidine or omeprazole is equally effective in maintaining the acidity of gastric acid in TBI patients in ICU. There was no significant difference in the incidence of gastric bleeding in ranitidine and omeprazole groups. Keywords: ICU, Gastric pH, PPI, H2-receptor antagonist.
Impact of Pharmacokinetic Modification of Controlled Release Floating Tablets of Ranolazine B. S. Venkateswaralu
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 12.
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Abstract

The present study outlines a systematic approach for design and development of oral controlled release floating tablet formulation of Ranolazine. Floating tablet Ranolazine have been shown controlled release there by proper duration of action at a particular site and are designed to prolong the gastric residence time after oral administration. Effervescence and swelling properties were attributed on the developed tablets by sodium bicarbonate, Eutragit L 100 and HPMC Polymer combination, respectively. Five batches of tablets were prepared by the direct compression method. The physicochemical properties of different formulations, their Buoyancy lag time and total floating time and swelling index were evaluated. It was found that the hardness of the tablets were effects the Buoyancy characteristic of the dosage form. All five formulations possessed good floating properties with total floating time between 8 – 10 hrs. The in vitro release studies indicated that the floating dosage forms containing Eutragit L 100showed slower release. The cumulative % of in vitro drug release of formulation FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, and FR5 were 49.36%,58.98%,72.22%, 98.88% and 76.89. Drug release to be enhanced by formulation F4 in compared with the marketed product. Accelerated stability study revealed that optimized formulation was stable for one month without any major changes in assay, dissolution profile, floating lag time and other physical properties. Based on best fitting method, optimized formulation was found to follow Higuchi Model release kinetic.
Physiological Study about Rosuvastatin and Lovastatin as Compared with Quercetin in Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wissam Sajid Hashim
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 05.
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Abstract

The present study was accomplished to compare the role of the flavonoid quercetin with some antihyperlipidemic drugs rosuvastatin and lovastatin on lipid profile and other serum parameters of rats. In this study, five groups of eight male rats each were used. The groups were allocated as: control, cholesterol, rosuvastatin, lovastatin and quercetin groups. The animals of the control group were maintained on standard diet, while other groups were maintained on cholesterol diet 15mg/kg of diet and dosed orally and daily as follow: rosuvastatin 20 mg/kg body weight, lovastatin 15 mg, and quercetin 100 mg respectively. The results revealed that rosuvastatin and lovastatin could lower lipid profile but still significantly higher than control group while quercetin lowers them without significant difference with control. The liver enzymes were elevated by statins and they were normal and without significant difference in case of quercetin comparing with control group at (P≤0.05).Key words: Quercetin, Rosuvastatin, Lovastatin, Lipid, Rats.
Application of Nanoemulsion Technology for Preparation and Evaluation of Intranasal Mucoadhesive Nano- In-situ Gel for Ondansetron Hcl Nidhal K. Maraie
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

Objective: Developing more effective and promising in situ gel nasal preparation for ondansetron HCl (OND-HCl) using nanoemulsion (NE) technology and study all the parameters that can optimize the final formula. Method: Screening of oils, surfactants and co-surfactants was performed on the basis of OND-HCl solubility and NE area of emulsifier ratio (Smix), respectively. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed by aqueous titration method. Twelve NE formulas were prepared by ultrasonic emulsification and characterized for droplet size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, separation, conductivity, TEM, % transmittance, dilution and visual transparency. The best NE formulation was selected and applied to prepare nano-in situ gel (NIG) using poloxamer 407 as thermoreversible polymer, chitosan and HPMC E15 as mucoadhesive polymers.  The six NIG formulas were evaluated for pH, drug content, osmolarity, gelation temperature, mucoadhesive force, viscosity and in vitro drug release.  Results: The mean droplet size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, conductivity and % transmittance for the selected NE formula (F11) were found to be 64.87 nm, 0.544, - 0.146, 210 μS/cm, and 99.08% respectively. The gelation temperatures, pH, drug content, osmolarity and mucoadhesive force for the selected  NIG formula (NIG6) were 33 ºC, 5.8, 99.215%, 106.06 mOsmol/l (0.62%), 7372.21 dyne/cm² respectively. The in vitro drug release study of NIG6 showed 100% after 6h.  Conclusion: The results of this work indicated the possibility of application of NE technology in the formulation of NIG that has good mucoadhesive force to prolong the preparation residence time in the nose.Keywords: Chitosan, Nano-in situ gel, HPMCE15, Nanoemulsion, Ondansetron HCl.
Study the Level of Iron Indices and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure of Diwaniya Territory Hussein M.K. Al-Mohammad
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

Oxidative anxiety and level iron files is impacting everything in the movement of endless renal disappointment (CRF) and in the beginning of atherosclerosis. Hemodialysis patients are at particularly high hazard for IRON inadequacy due to blood misfortune related with the dialysis procedure. The point of the present examination was to assess level iron and the variables that may impact the oxidative antioxidative adjust in patients with kidney disappointment. The investigation gather was comprised of 60 patients because of CRF. Additionally 60 subjects constituted a control gathering. We quantified changes in serum superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase action, and malondialdehyde levels and ferretin, press, transferitin, transferin immersed, EIBS and TIBC in unending renal disappointment patients and contrasted and solid control gatherings. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase movement, and malondialdehyde levels were tested with spectrophotometric techniques. Superoxide dismutase action of CRF patients bunch were higher than those of the control gathering (p<0.005). Glutathione peroxidase movement of the CRF quiet gathering were lower than those of control gathering (p<0.005). Malondialdehyde levels in patients were higher than those of the control gathering (p<0.05).Also in the present examination, essentially expanded (p < 0.05) at ferret in, press, transferitin, transferin soaked and critical decline (p < 0.05) EIBS, TIBC. A few investigations of SOD action in ceaseless renal disappointment patients have discovered clashing outcomes. We suggest that the expanded SOD movement could be a defensive system for the cells because of the hyper production of free radicals in interminable renal disappointment. Diminished serum cancer prevention agent action in CRF patients on kidney may add to the expanded oxidative harm and in the improvement of renal entanglements. This examination shows the presence and expanded generation of oxidative anxiety coming about because of hemodialysis and aggravation in cell reinforcement protein framework. Our outcomes underpins that an expansion in oxidative anxiety might be considered as one of the real hazard factors in constant renal disappointment patients.
In-Vitro the Anti-Protozoal Activity of Onions Extract (Allium Cepa) and Metronidazole in Entamoebagingivalis Which Cultured in Tysgm-9 Medium Raflaa S.H. Hussian
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

Entamoebagingivalis ( E. gingivalis )is an amoebae that is present in the human oral cavity associated with poor oral hygiene and advanced periodontal disease. The aim of the present study is to confirm antiprotozoal activity of Onions extract and metronidazole in E. gingivalis which cultured in TYSGM-9 medium as well as determinethe frequency of this among patients with periodontitisdisease. The study included 46 sample collected from patient with age (11-20) years, result show infection with this parasite 56.5 %. These samples are cultured in TYSGM-9 media, and then treated with Onions extract (Allium cepa) and metronidazole which show inhibited growth of parasite at 100μg/ml.                                                                                                 Keywords: Entamoebagingivalis, Allium cepa, Metronidazole
Relationship Plasma Concentration of Zonulin with Severity Level of Autism Based on Criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (Dsm-5) Nanik Setijowati
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 04.
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Abstract

Background: This study was aimed to prove whether there is relationship between plasma concentration of zonulin and severity level of autism based on criteria of diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-5 (DSM-5). In Indonesia, this kind of research has never been done, considering the incidence of autism is also increasing. Methods: The participants of this research were 38 autistic (level 1=17, level 2=12 and level 3= 9) and 35 control children. The blood plasma of all participants was taken to determine the plasma concentration of zonulin. The observation sheet was based on the DSM-5 as an instrument to determine the diagnosis of autistic children. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Anova test. Results: There was a significant difference plasma concentration of zonulin between autism and control (p = 0.002) with 32 ± 18 vs 47 ± 22.5, respectively. There was slightly different between plasma concentration of zonulin and severity level of autisme (p=0.239) with 32±19, 27±18, 40±15, respectively. Cut-off point 8 ng/mL (Sensitivity 97.4%, Spesificity 2.9%). Conclusion: This finding can be concluded that plasma concentrations  of zonulin were slightly related with severity, and the highest is at level 3.

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