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Journal of Global Pharma Technology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 09758542     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
ournal of Global Pharma Technology is a monthly, open access, Peer review journal of Pharmacy published by JGPT Journal publishes peer-reviewed original research papers, case reports and systematic reviews. The journal allows free access to its contents, which is likely to attract more readers and citations to articles published in JGPT. JGPT publishes original research work that contributes significantly to the scientific knowledge in pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences- Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Cosmeticology, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacognosy, Natural Product Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacology, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Applied Computer Technology. For this purpose we would like to ask you to contribute your excellent papers in pharmaceutical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Onkologi
Articles 81 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Volume 11 Issue 03" : 81 Documents clear
Prevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Anti-hepatitis B Core Antibodies among Blood Donors in Diyala-Iraq Hadeel M. Fayyadh
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 03
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Abstract

Background: In Diyala province and  since 2014, the anti-hepatitis B core antibodies (Anti-HBc Abs) was introduced beside the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) as seromarkers for blood donation screening  to reduce the residual risk of occult hepatitis B infection (OHBI). Objectives: this is a lookback study to explore the efficiency of HBc Abs versus HBsAg seromarkers in reducing the residual risk of OHBI through blood transfusion in Diyala province. Materials and methods: This follow-up study starting in January 2016 to August 2017. The results of HBsAg and anti-HBc Abs as blood units screening seromarkers were followed and abstracted from the records of the Central Blood Bank in Diyala Directory of Health. Simple statistical analysis was done using SPSS Version 18 and P value was considered significant wherever it is below 0.05. Results: The results found that the total number of blood units donated during the follow-up period was 47258. The total HBV positive was 2423 (5.12%), of which 213 (0.45%) were HBsAg positive and 2210 (4.67%) were anti-HBc total antibody positive. Totally, 2369 (5.012%) blood donors were positive for both markers. All the 213 blood donors who were positive for HBsAg recorded throughout the two years were male (100%). Whereas 2145 (99.48%) and 11 (0.51%) blood donors positive for anti-HBc Ab were male and female respectively. Cumulatively, 2358 (99.53%) males and 11 (0.46 %) female were positive for both HBV markers. Conclusion: The introduction of anti-HBc Ab along with  HBs Ag for screening of blood units  is remarkably increase the number of blood units with positive HBV infection and consequently improve the blood safety.Keywords: HBsAg, Anti-HBc Ab, Blood safety, Diyala.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Sulphameter with N-1-(Naphthyl) Ethylenediamine Reagent by Using Diazotization Coupling Reaction Amal H. Mhemeed
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 03
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Cutting edge method of spectrophotometric for the assay of micro amount of sulphameter  The method is based  on the reaction of sulphameter in acidic medium with sodium nitrite to form the diazonium  ion which is coupled with N-1-(naphthyl) ethylenediamine to form a stable a pinkish- red  azo dye which shows maximum absorption at 503 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed over the concentration range 0.2 – 14 ppm. The molar absorptivity is (5.21 ´ 104) l.mol-1.cm-1, Sandal sensitivity index of (5.23 ´ 10-3) mg.cm-2. With a relative error of (-0.05% - + 2.3%) and relative standard deviation of (± 0.02% - ± 1.5%). The present method requires neither temperature control nor solvent extraction step.Keywords: Sulphameter drug, N-1-(naphthyl) ethylenediamine, Spectrophotometric Determination.
Genetic Diversity of Human Leishmania spp. Isolated from an Endemic Area in the Middle of Iraq Amany Mohamed Al-Kasy
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 03
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This study aimed to the possible characterization of cutaneous leishmaniasis species isolated from cutaneous tissue imprints from patients in an endemic area in the middle of Iraq. Samples were taken by skin scraping and dermal tissue aspiration. Direct examination and polymerase chain reaction, two types of primers used (CL for L. major, Lin R for L. tropica) for detection. DNA Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were also used for detection. In this study, 48 patients with Cutaneous leishmaniasis were enrolled, 32 (66.7 %) of them were males and 16 (33.3%) were females. Giemsa staining results showed presence of 25 amastigote forms inside and outside the macrophages, while 25 (53 %) and 23 (47 %) were positive to direct test, 26 (54.2 %) patients had multiple lesions and 22(45.8%) had single lesions in a different locations of the body. More than 68.8% of patients had dry lesions, while 27.1% had moist and 4.2 % had mixed lesions. The results showed that 8 isolates (16.7 %) were L. tropica and 4 cases were L. major (8.3 %). Most L. tropica lesions were located on the face and other parts of the body, while lesions of L. major were located on foot. In addition, new species of Leishmania were identified as L. infantum 3 (6.3 %). Four PCR products of L. major isolates were prepared and sequenced by Macrogen Company, USA. The sequence of the isolates was recorded in the gene bank and the accession numbers of L. major were LC369673, LC369674, LC369675 and LC369676. The phylogenetic tree constructed from these sequences and the polygenetic tree of the L. major. The Iraqi isolates were close to French and Russian isolates.Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis, PCR, Sequencing, Phylogenetic.
Knowledge, Awareness and Practices Regarding Dengue Fever among the Rural and Urban Populations of Salem District Mohamed Yasir Arafath
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 03 (2019) March. 2019
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Objective: The objectives of the study were to assess how many people have knowledge and level of awareness on dengue, to know about most prevalent preventive measure, to ascertain the source of information regarding dengue and to enquire about the diagnostic measures and treatment strategies used by affected individuals.Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 1000 respondents in Rural and Urban areas of Salem district, Tamilnadu to evaluate the knowledge, awareness and practices regarding dengue fever.Results: The results showed that only 52% of the rural respondents and 96% of urban respondents were aware about dengue fever.53% of the rural respondents and 97% urban respondents identified the vector as mosquito. The overall knowledge of dengue specific symptoms was much lower, in rural as compared to urban areas. The knowledge about the preventive measures was inadequate among the rural respondents when compared to that of urban respondents. Majority of the rural respondents (30%) had no source of information about dengue fever. While among the urban respondents, 29% had information about dengue fever from T.V/radio.Conclusion: The overall knowledge, awareness and practices regarding dengue fever were found to be inadequate among the rural populations when compared to urban populations. There is a need to make rural people aware of different preventive practices and reduce this knowledge application gap.Keywords: Dengue Fever; Knowledge; Awareness; Practices; Rural; Urban
Isolation of Moraxella and Streptococcus from New Packed Orthodontic Materials Batool Hassan Al-Ghurabi
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 03
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Abstract

This study aimed to test the sterility of new unused orthodontic arch wires received from manufacturers. Forty samples of arch wires with two types of wires (nitinol and stainless steel) from four companies were used directly from the manufactures package in this study. Out of (40) arch wires tested, bacteria was isolated from 3 (7.5%) samples, only two genera of bacteria were isolated, namely Moraxella and Streptococcus. Current results appear that bacterial contamination on arch wires give lights on the need of sterilization before clinical use.Keywords: Orthodontic materials, Arch wires, Microbial contamination.
Sulforaphane and Bardoxolone (CDDO)-Induced Inhibition of Aflatoxin B1-Mediated Genotoxicity in Human Lymphocytes: Role of CYP3A4 and CYP1A1 Gene Expression Safa M. Abdulateef
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 03
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Real-time PCR used to investigate the ability of sulforaphane (SFN) and Bardoxolone (CDDO) on inhibition of aflatoxin B1 genotoxicity in Human lymphocytes in vitro. Real time PCR analysis carried out for AFB1 treated lymphocytes with/without SFN and CDDO separately to assess its effects on global transcription through monitoring gene expression variation among genes responsible for AFB1 biotransformation including those involving in AFB1 bio activation like CYP1A1 and CYP3A4, calibrated with B-actin gene. Lymphocytes incubated with 10 and 100ng/ml of AFB1 separately and simultaneously with two different anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory agents (SFN and CDDO). Protective effect of SFN and CDDO required co-treatments with AFB1. Human lymphocytes incubated with 10 and 100ng/ml AFB1 mixed with 10 and 50µM SFN respectively for 2 hr., on the other hand lymphocytes incubated with 10 and 100ng/ml AFB1 mixed with 10 and 50µ M CDDO respectively for 2hr. CYP1A1 expressed more than CYP3A4 in human lymphocytes; Transcriptional repression for genes involved in AFB1 bio activation was showed after treating with SFN and CDDO. SFN able to inhibit CYP1A1 expression more than CDDO, SFN inhibit CYP1A1 to (~4.32) fold comparing with separately AFB1 treated cells  (P<0.05*).
Methylation Status of KLF4 Associated with Chronological Age Nihad AM Al-Rashedi
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 03
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Abstract

The expression of Krüppel-like factor 4 has associated with various biological processes including stem cell reprogramming and tumorigenesis. Although these advances in the epigenetic role of KLF4 expression in cancer and other physiological disorders, the methylation data of the KLF gene extracted from the previous studies that are not enough to coverage of non-coding of the KLF gene. In particular, the epigenetic mechanism is an essential regulator and the multiple studies reported DNA methylation level of many CPG sites in the human genome has a correlation with aging. This study highlights epigenetic changes of the KLF4 gene with aging. The present study included 92 blood samples from healthy persons, Arabic Iraqi population; age ranged 18-93 years, blood DNA samples subject to bisulfate DNA modification-pyrosequencing method. The statistical analysis detected a correlation between each CpG sites of the KLF4 gene, and age adopted the linear regression model using correction coefficient R2.Methylated 10 CpG sites of the KLF4 gene showed weakly correlated with age. R-values ranged from 0.1 to 0.2 and the highest value appeared in the CpG site 7 (Chr9: 107489111) R was 3.0.  The fitting process using the simple regression model provided weak correction coefficients (R2 <80%) of the methylation levels of steady during the lifetime. The variance analysis suggested that there was no significant difference between the methylation levels of 10 CpG sites of intron 1 KLF4 gene and gender (P-values >0.05).Keywords:  KLF4 gene, DNA methylation, Age, Pyrosequencing.
Isolating and diagnosing the Campylobacter Bacteria Types from Raw Milk and its Products and its Relation to Children Diarrhea Idriss Saleh Jalil
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 03
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The study comprised Isolating and diagnosing the Campylobacter Bacteria Types from Raw Milk and its Products and its Relation to Children Diarrhea. The study is conducted in the Graduate Studies Lab. In the College of Pure Sciences. The researcher compiled (164) samples from various sources comprising of (40) raw milk samples, (40) local white cheese samples, (40) local cream samples compiled from local markets in Baqubah city during the period of time from (1/11/2017 to 15/9/2018), and (44) samples of feces from children with diarrhea (watery, mucoid, bloody) of ages between (3 months to 5 years) in Al-Batoul Hospital for Maternity and Children. Results of the study exposed that (44) samples, with a ratio of (37.0%), showed negative growth to the bacterial plantation, and (90) samples, with a rate of (62.19%) mirrored positive growth to the bacterial plantation. Moreover, it is founded that (65) samples with a ratio of (51.829%) were Campylobacter bacteria as the ratio of isolated bacteria from raw milk reached up to (20) samples with a rate of (50%), (9) samples from local white cheese with a rate of (22.5%) and (8) samples from local cream in a ratio of (20%). It is worth noting that bacteria were diagnosed in terms of ability to live on selective media (Skirrow-Preston) and the second method which is planting on non-selective media (Blood agar, Chocolate agar, Macconkey agar). In addition, the ratios of isolated bacteria from feces samples were, (5) samples of bloody sustenance (11.36%), (19) samples of mucoid sustenance (43.18 %) and (20) watery samples (45.45%). The bacteria were also diagnosed by means of micrography which showed its negativity and positivity towards Gram stein; (92.90%) were negative to Gram stein, while (8.09%) were positive to Gram stain.   Furthermore, micrography exposed their negativity to Gram stein and showed its different shapes; Bacillus, Spiral, S-shape and Bird-wing shape. Results showed an increase of bacteria in milk and milk products which included many sicknesses and sitotoxism causes which lead to diarrhea among children. Biochemical and physiological examinations were executed and isolates were oxidase-positive, catalase, urease test, Hippurate hydrolysis test, and growth test within (37o C -42o C) temperatures as well as their tolerance of salinity with concentrations between (1.5 %-3.5%).Isolates were sensitive to Nalidixic acid and resistant to Cephalothin.     Keywords: Campylobacter (C. jejuni, C. coli, C. hyointestinalis, C. lari), cadF gene, Diarrhea for children.
An Epidemiological and Therapeutic Study of the Cryptosporidium parvum Parasite in Some Farm Animals in Anbar Province /Iraq Suad Shallal Shahatha
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 03
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This study was conducted to investigate of Cryptosporidium parvum parasite in some farm animals in Anbar Province by examining 564 feces samples (148 sheep, 144 cows, 132 goats, and 140 chickens). The results showed that the infection rates of the examined animals were 35.8 %, 41.6 %, 34.8 % and 25.7 % respectively. There were no significant differences (p ≥ 0.05) between the sexes in infection. The infection rate in small age’s groups was 46.5% while the large age’s groups 21.4 %. Significant differences were observed (p ≥ 0.05) between infection rates in rural areas and urban areas (44.9 %, 21.1) % respectively. The study also involved an effect of a water extract of the Zygophyllum fapago plant (also locally known as Chicken choking plant (on Cryptosporidium parvum parasite growth. As part of this study, a concentration of between 0.05-5 mg/ml was used. The application of these concentrations led to an inhibitory effect on parasite growth - an application of relatively higher concentrations caused greater effects in times of growth between 1-5 days.Keywords: Epidemiological, Cryptosporidium parvum, Animals, Extract, Anbar.
Impact of Ischemic Heart Disease on Serum Visfatin, Chemerin and High Sensitivity C - reactive protein in Iraqi Patients with T2 DM Namir I. A. Haddad
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 03
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Objectives: Ischemic heart disease is a major cause of mortality among diabetic patients leading to about three-quarters of deaths among them. The study aimed to estimate serum visfatin, chemerin and hsCRP levels and other biochemical parameters in Iraqi diabetic patients with ischemic heart disease and compares it with newly diagnosed diabetic patients and control individuals. Methods: This study was carried out between October 2016 and March 2017 in Baghdad, Iraq, and involved 66 subject divided equally into three groups; 22 diabetic patient without IHD (P1), 22 diabetic patients with IHD (P2) and 22 non-diabetic healthy subjects (C). Serum visfatin, chemerin, hsCRP and other biochemical parameters were measured. Results: The results clarified that diabetic with IHD group had the highest levels of serum visfatin, chemerin and hsCRP in comparison with diabetic without IHD and control groups with means of (67.68±4.38 ng/ml, 59.73±9.42 ng/ml and 52.46±14 ng/ml respectively), (130.87±5.34 ng/ml, 127.85±4.30 ng/ml and 63.98±14.74 ng/ml respectively) and (8.37±1.03 mg/L, 7.54±1.19 mg/L and 4.55±2.31 mg/L respectively). These adipokines were found to be significantly correlated with some biochemical parameters. Conclusion:  High levels of serum visfatin among diabetic patients indicate that there is an association between visfatin and hyperglycemia and it may be an independent risk factor for CHD. Although, both of the two inflammatory markers chemerin and hsCRP can be considered as markers of subclinical atherosclerosis and IHD, and they may be utilized for the early detection of macrovascular disease in type 2 diabetics.Keywords: CHD, Chemerin, Hscrp, IHD, T2DM, Visfatin.

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