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Journal of Global Pharma Technology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 09758542     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
ournal of Global Pharma Technology is a monthly, open access, Peer review journal of Pharmacy published by JGPT Journal publishes peer-reviewed original research papers, case reports and systematic reviews. The journal allows free access to its contents, which is likely to attract more readers and citations to articles published in JGPT. JGPT publishes original research work that contributes significantly to the scientific knowledge in pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences- Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Cosmeticology, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacognosy, Natural Product Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacology, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Applied Computer Technology. For this purpose we would like to ask you to contribute your excellent papers in pharmaceutical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Onkologi
Articles 120 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Volume 12 Issue 02 (2020) Feb. 2020" : 120 Documents clear
Evaluation of Red Beet Root Activity Physiologically and Histologically in Males Rats Ibrahem Hasan Al-Kraie
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 02 (2020) Feb. 2020
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Abstract

This research design to study the effect of cadmium chloride (Cdcl2) and red beet root juice on heart and kidney by measured the physiological parameters in the experimental male’s rats for 30days.  Twenty males rats were assigned to 4 groups each group contain 5 rats. First group was the control group (G1), the second group was cadmium chloride group (G2), third group was cadmium chloride &red beet juice (G3), than last group was red beet juice (G4). The Cd-exposure group (G2) obtained drinking a water daily containing cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in concentration of 2.0 mg Cd/L, while the G3 group treatment with red beet juice 2ml with 2ml of Cdcl2, while the last group G4 treatment with 2ml of red beet juice only.  At the end of the experimental period, blood samples were collected to determine the changes of serum Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), Total protein (TP), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST).  The results of the present study  indicated  that  a significantly increased  in serum  levels of TC, TG, LDL_C, VLDL_C, ALT, AST, & significant decreased  in the levels of HDL_C & TP in G2 group, while there are no significant changes of all parameters in G3&G4 group comparing with control group at Significant level (p≤0.05). Results registors also that are significantly decreased in some parameters contain T.C ,Triglycerides ,LDL_C,VLDL_C, ALT &AST concentration in G3 & G4 group ,while the results showed a significantly increased in parameters HDL_C & Total proteins comparing with G2 group that trated with cadmium chloride at Significant level (p≤0.05).  In the end of this study we find that exposure to low Cd concentration can effected on the lipid profile & lipoprotein &liver enzymes by increased this parameters, while red beet root juice treatmenting decreased that parameters.Keywords: Cadmium chloride (Cdcl2), Total cholesterol(TC), Triglycerides(TG), High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL_C), Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), Very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), Total protein(TP), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST). 
The Effect of Fetuin-A and Palmitate on the Translocation of Glucose Transporter-4 Through the Activation of Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Skeletal Muscle Cells Soebagijo Adi Soelistijo
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 02 (2020) Feb. 2020
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Abstract

Background: Fetuin-A (FetA) is a 63 kD phosphorylated glycoprotein that relates to insulin resistance inhibits autophosphorylation and the activity of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase (IR-TK) at the receptor levels. FetA positively correlates with insulin levels, and homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). However, the phenomenon is obtained from several studies; a decrease did not always follow the increase of FetA in glucose uptake in the tissue. Aim: To determine the impact of Fetuin-A and Palmitate on TLR4 mediated Glucose Transporter-4 translocation inhibition in normal glucose-tolerance human skeletal muscle cell (h-SkMC). Method: Normal h-SkMC culture were randomly divided into five arms and treated with human- insulin, and deoxy-glucose (GI arm), or human-insulin, deoxy-glucose, and FetuinA (GIF arm), or human-insulin, deoxy-glucose and Palmitate (GIP arm), or human-insulin, deoxyglucose, FetuinA and Palmitate (GIFP arm). The control arm was without any treatment. The effects of insulin, glucose, FetuinA, and Palmitate on the expression of TLR4, Akt, GLUT-4 were evaluated by immunofluorescence microscopy. The expression of TNF- and IL-6 were measured by ELISA assay, and glucose uptake was measured by spectrophotometry assay. The results were obtained and subject to comparative test and pathway analysis. Results: The treatment with glucose+insulin (GI), FetA (GIF), Palmitate (GIP), and Palmitate+FetA (GIFP) increased TLR4 expression significantly compared to control arm (p<0.05) and only treatment with GI and GIF significantly increased the expression of GLUT-4 compared to control arm (p<0.05). All treatment arms and control arms were not significantly different in altering glucose transport. The treatment with Palmitate significantly decreased GLUT-4 expression and independence of TLR4 expression. Conclusion: The treatment with FetA alone or in combination with Palmitate in normal h-SkMC significantly increases the expression of TLR4 but does not alter GLUT-4 translocation and glucose transport. These results provide novel evidence indicating that acute exposure of FetuinA and Palmitate on normal glucose-tolerance h-SkMC does not induce insulin resistance.Keywords: FetA, Palmitate, TLR4, GLUT-4, TNFα, IL-6, Glucose transport.
The Correlation between Masculinity and Smoking Behavior among Adolescent in Surabaya Setho Hadisuyatmana
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 02 (2020) Feb. 2020
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Abstract

Smoking behavior is one of the risky health behaviors adopted by adolescents in Indonesia. The behavior was commonly recognized as a masculine among male adolescents. The label of man identity called masculinity influences this condition. This study investigated the association of masculinity as ideology, masculinity norms, and gender role conflict and its correlation with smoking behavior in male adolescents who lived in Surabaya. This study used a descriptive correlative method and involved 314 adolescent males aged 15-18 years old in Surabaya as participants. We employed univariate analysis to identify predictors, including the ideology of masculinity (MNRI-SF), masculinity norms (CMNI-46), and gender role conflict (GRCS-I); and a dependent variable: male adolescents’ smoking behavior. The data were collected electronically, following waived written consents. Bivariate analyses were conducted to investigate each of the predictor's questionnaires and dependent variables using chi-square with the level of significance of p<0.05. Adolescents as participants in this study have low levels of ideological masculinity, high norms of masculinity and gender role conflict in the moderate category. The results indicated that ideology masculinity, masculinity norms, and gender role conflicts are positively associated with smoking behavior (p=0,001, p=0,029, and p=0,001 respectively). The findings of this study suggested that smoking behavior was constructed as an element to the idea of masculinity in the perspective of male adolescents in Surabaya, despite the available warning to prevent the circulation of tobacco products to adolescents. Thus, this study recommends the need for reinvention around tobacco-products circulation as not to involve the youth. Keywords: Adolescent, Gender role conflict, Masculinity, Smoking behavior.
Amikacin Induced Ototoxicity in an 8 Year Old Patient with UTI: A Case Report Lisa Mathew Adackapara; Keerthana Chandrasekar
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 02 (2020) Feb. 2020
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Abstract

Ototoxicity is an adverse drug reaction of Amikacin and involves mainly bilateral high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus. This case report is essential to identify, resolve and create awareness of the predisposing factors which can lead to ototoxicity. It elaborates the rare adverse effect caused due to Amikacin induced ototoxicity and the treatment strategies adopted at a secondary care hospital in an 8 year old male child. Treatment for Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) included Amikacin for 1 day following which the next day he developed blocked ears and diminished hearing as an adverse reaction to the aminoglycoside antibiotic. Management emphasis is on prevention, as most hearing loss is irreversible. After 3 days of treatment, the patient’s condition improved and was discharged with advice to continue liquid paraffin 3drops-0-3drops in both ears for 3 days. Appropriate measures must be put into place to manage aminoglycoside-induced cochleotoxicity effectively, in order to maximize the affected individual’s quality of life.
Evaluating Bactericidal Effect of the Antibiotics on the European Foulbrood Disease in Honeybees Varis Tuktarov
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 02 (2020) Feb. 2020
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Abstract

The paper discusses the results of testing the bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect of various concentrations of pefloxacin and enrofloxacin on European foulbrood pathogens in contrast to oxytetracycline. The work presents the therapeutic efficacy of pefloxacin in treating bee colonies affected by European foulbrood disease. The study tested different methods of introducing medicine in the field experiment. European foulbrood disease revealed at the studied apiaries is caused by Melisococcus plutonium, Bacillus alvei, and Enterococcus faecalis; Brevibacillus laterosporus. In Nurimanovsky and Baimaksky districts (Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia), Melisococcus plutonium, which is the primary causative agent of EFB, has not been detected. The minimum bactericidal concentration of pefloxacin is 0.001% for Enterococcus faecalis, while the minimum level for Brevibacillus laterosporus and Bacillus alvei is 0.01%. Oxytetracycline exceeds the index 10fold, and it is 0.01 % for Enterococcus faecalis and 0.1 % for Brevibacillus laterosporus and Bacillus alvei. The minimum bactericidal concentration of pefloxacin is 0.01% for Melisococcus plutonium, which is 100 times lower than the minimum concentration of oxytetracycline (1.0%). High therapeutic efficacy is achieved (93.8...95.9%) in treating bee colonies affected by European foulbrood disease with pefloxacin by adding the antibiotic to the feed syrup (1:1) at a dose of 0.01%. The value is significantly higher than the effect of oxytetracycline applied at a dose of 0.05% (87.4...88.2%).Keywords: Apis mellifera mellifera L, European foulbrood disease, Bactericidal activity, Fluoroquinolones, pefloxacin.
Development of Logic Based Learning Evaluation Instruments Kharisma Kusumaningtyas
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 02 (2020) Feb. 2020
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Abstract

Objective: Logical models are methods for conveying ideas that describe and share the understanding of the interrelationships among elements to operate a program or change effort. The study aimed to compile the development of a logic-based clinical learning practice instrument. Method: This research used an action research design. Sixteen participants joined the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) consisting of Head of Study Program, Academic Coordinator, Practice Division staffs, and Lecturer Representatives from 4 Midwifery Study Program of a university in Indonesia. The FGD was conducted in 2 stages. The analysis used descriptive and inferential analysis. Result: The results obtained clinical practice learning evaluation instruments based on logic models. The results of the validity test with Pearson's product-moment correlation show r = 0.576 and the value of r for each question > r table, so it can be concluded that instruments valid and reliable.  Discussion: Instrument of clinical practice learning program based on logic models in the Midwifery Department consists of context, input, activity, output, and outcomes. The instrument can assess the process of implementing clinical practice learning.Keywords: Learning, Practice, Logic model, Clinical.
Gypsiferous Soil Analysis of Samara-Tikrit Area-Iraq Weam H. Kadum
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 02 (2020) Feb. 2020
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Abstract

The soil properties are an important parameter for architectural and structural design of structures. Samara-Tikrit area in Iraq is a tourist destination, so in the last decade a number of multistory buildings, roads, etc. have been constructed. This study investigates the properties of the soil to give a base data, which can be used for the future construction design. This work aims investigating the gypsiferous soils texture, mineralogy and to interpret their geotechnical characteristics in Samara-Tikrit area, Iraq. A total of thirteen (13) soil samples were taken of gypsiferous soils distributed on three (3) sites. The results of grain-size analysis show that mixture of sand with variable percentages of clay and the silt fractions. The soil profile in site 1 reflect that the upper (0.9) m. is of sandy clayey silt, whereas the lower (2) m. is of silty sandy clay. The deep soil is of silty and clayey sand that reach 4.5 in depth. Concerning the soil profiles in site 2 and 3 representing silty sandy clayin general and silt beds occur at site 3. The soils within the three sites are fine-grained, yellowish light brown, moderately to highly gypsum, ranging from friable to very hard gypsiferous soil. The results of thin section are indicating that gypsum ranges from 12.3-35.4 %; clay comprise 12.0-26.2 %, while calcite and dolomite are from 9.6- 23.2 %. Quartz and Chert grains are ranging from 11.3- 26.0 %. Feldspar is ranging between 9.3- 19.0 %, while rock fragments is ranging from 7.2-15.7%, with heavy minerals ranging from 0.8 -1.9%.  The X-ray diffraction analysis reflects that non-clay type minerals are quartz, calcite, dolomite, gypsum and feldspar; while the clay minerals are chlorite, smectite, kaolinite, illite and palygorskite. The geotechnical properties results reflect that six samples (1a, 1c, 1d,2c, 2d, 3b) are classified as gypsiferous soil with  less  than 25% gypsum content and with less values of initial void ratio, coefficient of curvature, uniformity coefficient, collapse potential %, compression strength, cohesion, and plasticity index %  while the other seven samples (1b,1e,2a,2b,2e,3a,3c ) are classified as highly gypsiferous soil with more than 25% gypsum content and with relatively higher values of initial void ratio, coefficient of curvature, uniformity coefficient, collapse potential %, compression strength, cohesion and plasticity  index%  .Keywords: Gypsiferous soil, Texture, Mineralogy, Samara-Tikrit area, Iraq.
Occurrence of qnr Gene in Diarrheagenic Ciprofloxacin¬-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Patients with Acute Diarrhea Thanaa R. Abdulrahman
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 02 (2020) Feb. 2020
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Abstract

Background: Quinolone resistance Escherichia coli have been dramatically increased in last years. This resistance occurs either by chromosomal, or plasmid-mediated. The plasmid-mediated Quinolone resistance (qnr) gene which encompasses five different groups including qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, and qnrS has been shown to aid resistance to fluoroquinolones. Objective: To estimate the occurrence of qnr among Diarrheagenic E coli strains isolated from patients with acute diarrhea. Methods:  This study included 43 E. coli clinical isolates recovered from 304 fresh stool specimens which were collected from patients presenting with acute diarrhea. Stool samples were plated onto MacConkey agar for 24 hr at 37ºC. The susceptibility and resistance to Ciprofloxacin and Nalidixic acid for all bacterial isolates were identified by standard procedures such as disk diffusion test and minimum inhibitory concentration. DNA was extracted from plasmids using commercial kits and then, the molecular diagnosis was performed with Multi-Plex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique using specific primers for qnr genes. Results:  Culture result revealed that E. coli was isolated from 43(14.1%) of 304 stool samples. Among these, 12 isolates were resistant to both nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin.  There were 18 qnr genes among these isolates. The qnrA gene was the most common (8/18, 44.4%) followed by qnrB (6/18, 33.3%), whereas qnrS gene represented only 4/18 (22.2%) of the total gens.  Conclusion: there is an increase in the occurrence of quinolone resistance among Diarrheagenic E. coli which harbored multiple plasmids profile. The most common gene for quinolone resistance in current study was qnrA gene.Keywords:  Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, Quinolone resistance (qnr) genes, Ciprofloxacin, Nalidixic acid.
Effect of Cross-flow Velocity and Temperature in Microfiltration of Wax Apple (Syzygium samarangense) Juice Nguyen Phuoc Minh
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 02 (2020) Feb. 2020
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Abstract

Wax apple (Syzygium samarangense) fruit has a good source phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant constituents with great potential benefits for human health. Its pulp is crisp and watery, slightly acid flavor to a full and fruity apple flavour. Microfiltration is an emerging technology, a good alternative for the fruit juice processing with a significant interaction to sensory and nutritional attributes. Purpose of our research verified the feasibility of different variables of cross-flow velocity (3.2, 4.0, 4.8, 5.6, 6.4 m/s) and temperature (22, 26, 30, 34, 38oC) in microfiltration using hollow fibre membrane to permeate flux (L/m2h), total phenolic (mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (mg GE/g) in wax apple juice. Our results revealed that the microfiltration should be performed at cross-flow velocity 4.8 m/s at temperature 34oC to get the highest permeate flux, total phenolic and flavonoid.Keywords: Wax apple juice, Microfiltration, Cross-flow velocity, Temperature, Permeate flux, Total phenolic, Flavonoid.
Effects of Emodin on CCl4 Induced Liver Fibrosis in Mice Model Mohannad Falah Hassan
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 02 (2020) Feb. 2020
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Abstract

Many compounds demonstrated an anti-fibrotic activity, but none have been used in the clinics. The current study aims to assess the in-vivo emodin anti-fibrotic activity in liver fibrosis. Thirty-two mice were divided into four groups; the first group is composed of eight healthy mice to be a negative control group, while the remaining twenty-four mice had received intraperitoneal carbon tetrachloride 1ml/kg twice weekly for six weeks. Then, eight of these mice were sacrificed to be a positive control group, while the remaining sixteen mice were divided into two groups; one received six intraperitoneal doses every other day of emodin 40 mg/kg and the other received silymarin 20 mg/kg. Mice livers have taken and examined histopathologically to confirm the diagnosis of liver fibrosis and to assess the antifibrotic effects of emodin, then immunohistochemical evaluation was done for collagen III and Interleukin-4 secretion. Statistics used are ANOVA test followed by Tukey’s post HOC analysis. Emodin reduces fibrosis significantly in histopathologic sections, collagen content and Interleukin-4 content (in which p˂0.0001 was significant). There is no significant difference between emodin and silymarin in lowering fibrosis grade (p=0.1411), collagen III level (p=0.958729), and interleukin-4 level (p=0.144028). Emodin anti-fibrotic effects is related to lowering nuclear factor-ĸB leading to IL-4 lowering, decrease of epithelial mesenchymal transition by increasing E-cadherin, suppression of TGF-ß1 Smad signaling, Up-regulation of metastasis‑ associated gene 3, inhibits the Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) pathway, and blocking the migration and proliferation of HSCs induced by platelet derived growth factor. Emodins have anti-fibrotic activity comparable to that of silymarin and can alleviate liver cirrhosis.Keywords: Liver fibrosis, Collagen III, Emodin, Interleukin-4, Silymarin.

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