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Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi
Published by Lembaga Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian Kamandanu
ISSN : 28083598     EISSN : 2808277X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.36312/biocaster
Core Subject : Science, Education, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Immunology & microbiology
Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi (B : JKB), focus to bridge the gap between research and practice, providing information, ideas and opinion, in addition to critical examinations of advances in biology research, teaching, and learning. Through the coverage of policy and curriculum developments, the latest results of research into the teaching, learning and assessment of biology are brought to the fore. Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi (B : JKB), receiving and publishing article in the form of research and review (scientific article) in the field of biology education and utilization of biological research in teaching and learning. Each article must be linked to the theme "21st century skills in biology education" and / or "Efforts to support the achievements of the goals set forth in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through biology education". All articles are published in English and under go a peer-review process. The scope of Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi (B : JKB), is focused on biology education research/review both in topics covered as well as disciplinary perspective : 1) Biology teaching and learning materials at all education levels; 2) Pure Research of Biology developed or studied to the sources, materials, or instructional media Biology (using the Research and Development paradigm/R&D); 3) Curriculum of Biology Education at all education levels; 4) Quasi-experiment, Class Action Research (CAR), and Lesson Study in Biology teaching and learning; 5) Other Qualitative Research of Biology Education; 6) Biology Learning Evaluation/Assessment; 7) Teacher Professional Issues/Trends in Biology Education; and 8) Environmental education.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 37 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): April" : 37 Documents clear
Studi Ekologi Komunitas Biotik Menggunakan Metode Relevé pada Berbagai Tipe Habitat di Kabupaten Polewali Mandar Sari, Ratna
Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian Kamandanu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/biocaster.v6i2.845

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the structure and composition of biotic communities in various habitat types in Polewali Mandar Regency, West Sulawesi, using the relevé method. Observations were carried out in five sub-districts, namely Campalagian, Binuang, Tutar, Tapango, and Limboro. At each location, three plot sizes (1×1 m, 3×3 m, and 5×5 m) were set to compare species diversity based on the size of the sampling area. Data is collected by recording the presence of all organisms (plants and animals) present in the plot without counting the number of individuals in detail. The results showed that the number of species increased as the area of the plot increased, with a range of 3-7 species on a 1×1 m plot, 5-15 species on a 3×3 m plot, and 9-26 species on a 5×5 m plot. Several groups of organisms, such as pioneer herbaceous plants, shrubs, and generalist insects (e.g., Formicidae and Lepidoptera) were detected consistently across a wide range of plot sizes and habitats, indicating adaptability and wide distribution. Increased species richness on larger plots reflects the heterogeneity of microhabitats and the greater complexity of trophic interactions, thus supporting the principle of species-area relations in community ecology. This study provides basic data on biodiversity and biotic community structure in Polewali Mandar that can be used as a reference in conservation planning, sustainable natural resource management, and ecological policy development at the regional level.
Pengaruh Radiasi terhadap Struktur dan Fungsi Sel Lado, Tiara Novianti Dadi; Bhoki, Lidia Delvina; Rithi, Santiana E.; Soba, Tersius; Wae, Veronika P. Sinta Mbia
Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian Kamandanu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/biocaster.v6i2.993

Abstract

Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation are widely used in health, industry, scientific research, and communication technology, but their use also has the potential to pose biological risks to humans. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of radiation interaction with biological tissues and their health implications is crucial. This study aims to systematically examine the biological effects of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation on human health, as well as the safety principles applied in their use. The research method used is a literature review by examining scientific articles, reports from international institutions, and relevant publications that discuss radiation exposure, biological impacts, and aspects of radiation protection. The results of the study indicate that ionizing radiation, such as X-rays and gamma rays, has the ability to ionize atoms and molecules, thus potentially causing DNA damage that can trigger deterministic and stochastic effects, including an increased risk of cancer. Although radiation doses in medical diagnostic procedures are generally below the hazardous threshold, the application of radiation protection principles in the form of justification, optimization, and dose limitation remains a key factor in ensuring the safety of patients and healthcare workers. While non-ionizing radiation from telecommunications devices does not cause ionization, at high exposure levels it can cause thermal effects on biological tissue, although most epidemiological studies have not shown a consistent link with an increased risk of cancer. Exposure to cosmic radiation during commercial flights and at high altitudes has the potential to cause dose accumulation, which requires special attention. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that radiation use must be accompanied by adequate scientific understanding, long-term risk evaluation, and the implementation of strict safety policies to ensure that the benefits of radiation use outweigh the risks.
Autofagi : Mekanisme Pemeliharaan Diri Sel dalam Kondisi Stres Lejo, Kanisia Petra Seto; Kanggo, Jihan Pramitha; Wea, Maria Ventiana; Zaki, Alfa; Wae, Veronika P. Sinta Mbia
Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian Kamandanu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/biocaster.v6i2.995

Abstract

Autophagy is a cellular mechanism in the form of degradation and recycling of intracellular components that plays an important role in maintaining cell homeostasis, especially when cells are under stress conditions such as nutritional limitations, oxidative stress, organelle damage, or pathogen attacks. Through this process, cells are able to survive by eliminating damaged or dysfunctional structures, while simultaneously reusing the degradation products as a source of energy and building blocks for new molecules. This study aims to examine the mechanism of autophagy, the molecular regulations involved, and its role in the response to various forms of cellular stress using a literature review method. Reference sources in this study come from relevant scientific articles and are accessed through PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases with a publication year range of 2015-2024. Articles are selected based on the main inclusion criteria, namely discussions on the molecular pathway of autophagy, the process of autophagosome formation, and the role of lysosomes in cellular degradation mechanisms. The study results indicate that autophagy is an essential adaptive mechanism primarily controlled by the mTOR and AMPK pathways in response to cellular stress. Adaptive autophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining cell stability and survival, while autophagy dysfunction or uncontrolled activation is pathological and contributes to the development of various diseases, making autophagy a strategic therapeutic target. Furthermore, disruption of the autophagy process is known to be closely associated with the development of various degenerative and metabolic diseases, making autophagy a potential target in the development of biomedical therapeutic strategies.
Penerapan LKPD IPA Berbasis Peta Konsep untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik SMPN 1 Ende Roma, Maria Rosamistika Ema; Daud, Maimunah H; Lidi, Maria Waldetrudis
Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian Kamandanu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/biocaster.v6i2.1101

Abstract

This research is motivated by the low learning outcomes of students due to learning strategies that tend to be one-way and less actively involve students. This study aims to determine the application of Student Worksheets (LKPD) based on concept maps on student learning outcomes on environmental pollution material in class VII of SMPN 1 Ende. This study uses a quantitative method with a true experimental design in the form of a randomized control group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects were 70 students consisting of 35 students in the experimental class and 35 students in the control class. The results showed that the average value of student learning outcomes in the experimental class increased significantly from 49.28 in the pre-test to 97 in the post-test, with an increase of 96.85%. While in the control class, the average value of learning outcomes increased from 50.6 in the pre-test to 64.11 in the post-test, with an increase of 26.71%. The t-test results showed a significance value of 0.000 ≤ 0.05, indicating a significant difference in learning outcomes between the experimental and control classes. Thus, the implementation of concept map-based student worksheets (LKPD) has been proven effective in increasing student activity, engagement, and learning outcomes.
Persepsi Mahasiswa terhadap Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning Berbasis Eksperimen dengan Produk Artikel Ilmiah pada Mata Kuliah Botani Tingkat Rendah Subianto, Fatur Rahman; Turista, Dora Dayu Rahma; Masitah, Masitah; Nasution, Ruqoyyah
Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian Kamandanu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/biocaster.v6i2.1121

Abstract

Student perception is their view and assessment of the experience and learning process in the classroom. This is important to study because the success of a learning model is also determined by how students interpret and respond to its implementation. This study aims to determine student perceptions of the implementation of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model based on experiments with scientific articles as products in lower-level botany courses. This study is a quantitative descriptive study with an ex post facto approach using a survey method. Sampling was carried out using a purposive sampling technique on students of the Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University. The data analysis technique used descriptive statistical analysis. The results of the data analysis show that the average result of all observed aspects obtained a percentage value of 84.99% which is included in the "very good" category, so it can be concluded that students of the Biology Education Study Program have a positive perception of the implementation of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model based on experiments with scientific articles as products in lower-level botany courses. Therefore, these findings emphasize that the implementation of this learning model is worthy of being maintained and further developed with improvements, particularly in technical aspects and structured academic mentoring to optimize the quality of the learning process and outcomes.
Insights into Evolutionary Relationships of Proboscis Monkeys Using In Silico Mitochondrial DNA Analysis Sasmita, Rani; Badruzsaufari, Badruzsaufari; Pangestika, Intan Widya
Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian Kamandanu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/biocaster.v6i2.688

Abstract

This study investigates the evolutionary position of the proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) within the Colobinae subfamily using in silico phylogenetic analysis of three mitochondrial protein-coding genes (COI, COII, and COIII). Seventy sequences retrieved from GenBank were aligned and analyzed using the Maximum Likelihood method with 1,000 bootstrap replicates. All genes exhibited conserved lengths and strong AT bias (59,21-60,68%), reflecting typical mitochondrial genome characteristics shaped by asymmetric replication and purifying selection. Genetic distance analyses revealed high intraspecific consistency in Nasalis larvatus, while demonstrating marker dependent variation in phylogenetic resolution. COII and COIII provided clearer intergeneric separation compared to the more conserved COI marker. Phylogenetic reconstruction showed topological variation among markers, however, a consistent evolutionary signal emerged, with Nasalis larvatus clustering robustly with Simias concolor across all gene trees. This pattern supports the monophyly of the odd nosed monkey clade and aligns with genome scale phylogenomic evidence. Overall, this study highlights the limitations of single gene analyses and emphasizes the importance of multi marker or genome scale approaches for resolving complex evolutionary relationships. These findings provide foundational insights into the evolutionary history of Nasalis larvatus and reinforce the relevance of mitochondrial markers in primate conservation genetics.
Pengaruh Variasi Intensitas Cahaya terhadap Laju Fotosintesis pada Tanaman Caladium melalui Metode Floating Leaf Disk Assay Rosandy, Gismanda; Oktaviana, Rina; Sobrina, Fauza Syahro
Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian Kamandanu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/biocaster.v6i2.799

Abstract

Photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy which is greatly influenced by light intensity and leaf pigment content. This study analyzed the effect of three light intensities (dark, shade, and bright) on the photosynthesis rate of Caladium plants using the Floating Leaf Disk Assay (FLDA) method. This method measures the photosynthesis rate based on the leaf disk floatation time as an indicator of oxygen formation from the water photolysis process. The study was conducted at the Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Lambung Mangkurat University, using a quasi-experimental design with 3 repetitions. The results showed that bright conditions provided the fastest floatation time, which was an average of 3.8 minutes with bubble production of 18-22 bubbles/minute. Shade conditions showed a moderate response with a floatation time of 8.6 minutes and 7-10 bubbles/minute. In dark conditions, neither floatation nor oxygen production occurred. Caladiums with full green leaves exhibited higher photosynthetic rates (3.5-4.0 minutes) than variegated ones (5.2-6.1 minutes), reflecting differences in chlorophyll content. These findings confirm that the combination of light intensity and leaf pigment content is a major factor in determining photosynthetic efficiency. The research findings are expected to provide a basis for optimal lighting management in ornamental plant cultivation and serve as contextual teaching materials in biology learning.
Kajian Etnobiologi pada Makanan Khas Suku Karo di Kecamatan Sibiru-biru Kabupaten Deli Serdang Manik, Maria Goreti Perawati Br.; Handayani, Dina
Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian Kamandanu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/biocaster.v6i2.1042

Abstract

This study aims to document and analyze the traditional food of the Karo Tribe in the seven-monthly ceremony (Mbesur-mbesuri) in the Karo Tribe community in Sibiru-biru District, Deli Serdang Regency. This study was conducted in two villages, namely Biru-biru Village and Rumah Gerat Village, Sibiru-biru District, Deli Serdang Regency. This type of research is descriptive qualitative and quantitative using emic and etic research approaches. Data collection techniques were carried out by participatory observation, interview techniques, documentation techniques, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), plant identification, and animal identification. The results of the study show that the traditional food of the Karo Tribe contained in the seven-monthly ceremony (Mbesur-mbesuri) consists of seven types of mandatory foods that utilize 19 types of plants belonging to 12 families, and 1 type of animal from the Phasianida family. The dominant plant family used in the traditional food of the seven-monthly ceremony (Mbesur-mbesuri) is Zingiberaceae. The most frequently used part of the plant is the fruit, namely 6 types. In terms of plant habitus, herbs are the most dominant species used in the seven-monthly ceremony (Mbesur-mbesuri), with 13 species.
The Effect of Project-Based Learning on Students Collaborative Skills and Learning Outcomes on Virus Material Azira, Azira; Rangkuti, Marlinda Nilan Sari
Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian Kamandanu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/biocaster.v6i2.1093

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) on students' collaboration skills and cognitive learning outcomes in biology, specifically on virus topics, among 10th grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Tanjungtiram. A quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group was employed, involving 72 students from two classes selected through random sampling. The experimental class implemented PjBL, while the control class used conventional learning. Collaboration skills were measured using observation sheets, and cognitive learning outcomes were assessed using multiple-choice tests. The results showed that the experimental class achieved a mean collaboration skill score of 84.66% (very skilled category), significantly higher than the control class at 64.05% (skilled category). Cognitive learning outcomes also improved substantially, with the experimental class reaching an N-gain of 0.72 (high category) compared to 0.46 (medium category) in the control class. Mann-Whitney U test results confirmed a significant effect of PjBL on both variables (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that PjBL is an effective instructional model for developing students' collaboration skills and improving their learning outcomes in biology, particularly on virus topics.
Pengembangan Modul Berbasis STEM pada Materi Inovasi Bioteknologi untuk Siswa Fase F (SMA/MA) Putri, Wina Oddessi; Risdawati, Renny; Afza, Aulia
Biocaster : Jurnal Kajian Biologi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian Kamandanu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/biocaster.v6i2.1119

Abstract

This study aims to develop a STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics)-based module on biotechnology innovation material for Phase F SMA/MA students, and to test its validity and practicality. This study is a developmental research that refers to the 4D model proposed by Sivasailam Thiagarajan, including the define, design, and develop stages. The research subjects consisted of four validators (three lecturers and one teacher), one biology teacher, and 26 students of grade XII Phase F at SMA Negeri 2 Padang. The instruments used were a validity questionnaire and a practicality questionnaire with a modified Likert scale. The results of the validity test showed that the developed STEM-based module obtained an average score of 95.42% with very valid criteria. Details of each aspect include content feasibility (98%), language (100%), presentation (97.1%), graphics (92%), and STEM components (90%). After revisions according to the validator's suggestions, the module was declared suitable for use. The practicality test results obtained an average score of 86%, categorized as very practical, by teachers, and 89.50%, categorized as very practical. Aspects assessed included ease of use, efficiency of learning time, and the module's usefulness in the learning process. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the STEM-based module on biotechnology innovation for Phase F high school/Islamic high school students is highly valid and practical, making it suitable for use as a teaching material in biology lessons to support critical thinking, problem-solving, and independent learning skills.

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