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INDONESIA
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April" : 7 Documents clear
The potential of organic matter and water management on the alleviation of iron toxicity in rice plants Nurkholish Nugroho; Budiastuti Kurniasih; Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami; Wahida Annisa Yusuf
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.64252

Abstract

Iron toxicity in rice plants occurs due to the excessive concentrations of ferrous ions (Fe2+) in the soil solution. The application of organic matter and water management is one way to alleviate iron toxicity in rice plants. This study aimed to determine the potential of organic matter and water management in controlling the solubility of Fe2+ in the soil and its effect on the symptoms of toxicity, growth and yield of rice plants. The research was conducted in the greenhouse of the Indonesian Swampland Agricultural Research Institute from August to December 2020, arranged in a completely randomized design with three factors. The first factor consisted of low Fe2+ concentration (<300 ppm, actual acid sulfate soil (AASS)) and high Fe2+ concentration (>300 ppm, potential acid sulfate soil (PASS)), the second factor consisted of waterlogging without leaching and leaching of once every two weeks, and the third factor consisted of without organic matter amendment and with organic matter amendment of 2.5 ton.ha-1. The results showed that the soil leaching in acid sulfate soils decreased the activity of PPO by 10.28% and increased yield by 10.10%. Meanwhile, the application of organic matter in acid sulfate soil decreased the activity of PPO by 8.91% and increased yield by 8.06%. The leaching of once every two weeks and organic matter amendment of 2.5 ton.ha-1 are recommended to alleviate iron toxicity and increase rice productivity in acid sulfate soil.
Augmented analysis for yield performance and agronomic characteristics of upland rice lines grown under coconut plantation Angelita Puji Lestari; Aris Hairmansis; Rini Hermanasari; Yullianida Yullianida; Suwarno Suwarno
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.65548

Abstract

Establishment of shade-tolerant rice varieties aims to utilize the dry land under tree stands. A field experiment on rice yield under coconut plantation was conducted at farmer field in Calincing Tegalbuleud Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia. The experiment involved 307 upland promising lines, 42 of which were selected in comparison to four check varieties, namely Jatiluhur, Batutugi, Limboto and Situpatenggang. The experiment was conducted according to augmented design with four replications. The analysis of variance indicated significant difference in yield per ha between blocks and no significant differences in days to flowering, plant height and number of productive tiller between blocks. Meanwhile, significant differences were observed in plant height and number of productive tillers between all check varieties. Under shade of coconut plantation, some lines could perform better and had higher performance than check varieties. Four lines ofB11957SR* 232182SI2MR2PN21, B12743MR18232PN1111, B13498D9, and B12743MR18235PN1031 had significantly higher yield compared to the check variety with the highest yield, which is Limboto. The utperforming lines can be proposed as promising rice lines for shading tolerance. However, most of the lines were proved to be underperforming for yield and its components in prevailing conditions.
Effects of paclobutrazol concentrations and watering frequencies on the flowering ratio of cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) Ratih Hartono Putri; Aziz Purwantoro; Valentina Dwi Suci Handayani; Dyah Weny Respatie
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.66002

Abstract

Generally, cucumber plants have more male flowers than female flowers. The fewer number of female flowers is one of the problems of cucumber production. Flowering regulation can be performed by applying growth regulators and water management. The study aims to determine the effects of paclobutrazol concentrations and watering frequencies on the flowering ratio of cucumber plants. The experiment was arranged in a factorial Randomized Completely Block Design at the Agricultural, Food, and Fishery Extension Center, Seyegan, Yogyakarta. The first factor was the paclobutrazol concentrations consisting of four levels (a control, 0.187 mL.L-1, 0.375 mL.L-1, and 0.562 mL.L-1). Meanwhile, the second factor was the watering frequency consisting of three levels (once a day, once every two days, and once every three days). The observed data were performed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at α= 5 %. The paclobutrazol concentrations resulted in a significant effect on all of the observed variables. Meanwhile, watering frequencies showed no significant effect on the male flowers, female flowers and ratio of male to female flowers in cucumber. There was an interaction effect of paclobutrazol concentration and watering frequency on the plant height and flowering age of cucumber plants. The treatment of paclobutrazol at a concentration of 0.375 mL.L-1, decreased of male flowers and increased of female flowers, reducing the ratio of male and female flowers of cucumber plants at various watering frequencies.-1
The improvement of microclimate and soil characteristics in cocoa-tree agroforestry patterns Ramces Sitohang; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Cahyo Wulandari
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.67292

Abstract

Shade trees are used in agroforestry pattern for production and service aspects. Cocoa-tree agroforestry pattern is expected to improve atmospheric and rhizosphere zone in cacao plantations. However, the information related to this is still quite limited. This study was conducted using a nested design, with types of shade trees as nest. Shade trees used were Falcataria moluccana, Cocos nucifera, and Cassia spectabilis, and without shade was used as control. Variables observed were light, air temperature, humidity, soil temperature, soil texture, bulk density, permeability, and moisture content. Soil chemical properties were also observed, including organic C, pH, total N, P, K, Ca, Mg, B and content of available P, K, Ca, Mg, and B. The results showed that cacao agroforestry pattern using F. moluccana and C. spectabilis was able to improve the microclimate characteristics and soil fertility. However, F. moluccana showed lower soil fertility than C. spectabilis. F. moluccana and C. spectabilis shade trees were able to optimize light plants from 33 % to 34 %, and from 38 % to 39 %, respectively. F. moluccana could provide optimal air and soil temperature of 30 ⁰C to 32 ⁰C and 27 ⁰C, respectively. Meanwhile, C. spectabilis could provide optimal air and soil temperature of 29 ⁰C to 31⁰C and  26 ⁰C to 27 ⁰C, consecutively. Cocoa-tree agroforestry pattern using C. Spectabilis shade trees could optimize soil moisture content, pH, total N, and P, and availabilities of K, Ca, Mg, and B in soil.
Evaluation of land suitability for the development of Hiyung cayenne pepper in Hiyung Village, Tapin Tengah District, South Kalimantan Ratna Taher; Muhammad Syarbini; Kamiliah Wilda
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.67618

Abstract

Hiyung Village is one of the centers of agricultural production, especially cayenne pepper.  The advantage of Hiyung cayenne pepper is its spiciness which has capcaisin compound of 94.5 thousand ppm. It is 17 times spicier than cayenne pepper in general.  The success of agricultural cultivation is greatly influenced by the land suitability. Furthermore, soil and environmental conditions affect plant growth and development.  This study aims to analyze the soil properties and land characteristics to evaluate their suitability for the development of Hiyung cayenne pepper. This study is a descriptive research, carried out using a land suitability evaluation survey method to obtain data on land characteristics and current land management. Soil samples were taken from five locations, each about 1 km apart. Three sample points were taken at a depth of 0 cm to 20 cm in each location. Observation were made on effective depth, slope, surface rocks, rock outcrops, flood hazard, coarse material in soil cross section, erosion hazard, temperature, mean annual precipitation, length of the dry season, and current land management. The results showed that the actual land suitability is included in the S3 (marginally suitable) with limiting factors of temperature, water availability (rainfall), and nutrient retention (pH and base saturation). Potential land suitability is still included in S3 class (marginally suitable) because the only limiting factors that may be improved are soil pH and base saturation.
Effects of manure and chemical fertilizers on maize performance in the steep hillside with and without terraces in North Halmahera, Indonesia Rofita Rofita; Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami; Azwar Maas; Makruf Nurudin
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.68139

Abstract

Improper soil management inland with steep slopes is one of the causes of decreased agricultural productivity in hilly areas. The use of terraces on steep slopes is considered effective in preventing erosion. However, this does not increase agricultural productivity significantly. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the performance of maize on land with and without terraces as affected by the addition of goat manure and NPK. A field experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design, consisting of 12 experimental plots that were made on a hill with a slope of 79 % with three replications. Plant tissue samples were analyzed for assessing N, P, and K content. However, soil samples were measured for N, P, K, SOC, pH H2O, EC, CEC, and soil texture. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and continued with a Post-Hoc test (DMRT at α= 5%). The application of manure and NPK fertilizers significantly improved EC, SOC, N, and P in soil, also N and P content in plant tissues. Goat manure played a role in improving soil properties, while NPK fertilizers played a role in supplying nutrient availability directly to plants. The best performance of maize was on land without terraces and cover crops (sweet potato). Competition for nutrients between maize and sweet potato occurred on land with terraces so that the performance of maize tended to be lower. Soil management on land with terraces needs to consider nutrient management and selection of cover crops so that both can increase maize productivity.
Effects of relay intercropping model and application of biological agents on the growth and yield of hot pepper Nindy Sevirasari; Endang Sulistyaningsih; Budiastuti Kurniasih; Suryanti Suryanti; Arif Wibowo; Tri Joko
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 7, No 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.69078

Abstract

Tiyung cultivar, the consumer preferences of hot pepper in Magelang Regency, is still low in productivity (7 ton.ha-1). This research aimed to determine the growth and yield of hot pepper planted in relay intercropping as affected by biological agent application as a technology to increase productivity. This research was arranged in a Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with an intercropping pattern of hot pepper (two and three rows model). The second factor was the application of biological agents, consisting of Trichoderma asperellum, Bacillus velezensis B-27 and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (with and without biological agents). The control was the monoculture of hot pepper without biological agent application. The data observed were analyzed using Analysis of Variance and followed by the Duncan's Multiple Range Test at α= 5 %. The results showed that the relay intercropping of hot pepper produced less numbers of branches and leaves.  It indicated more efficiency in the use of assimilates for the development of generative organs, thereby resulting in the high values fruits weight per plant, which were as high as those in monoculture. The productivity observed in relay intercropping was 12.93 ton.ha-1, which was 15.8 % higher than in monoculture. The application of biological agents significantly increased the stomatal density, the size of stomatal opening, the number of leaves, weight of fruits per plant and productivity of hot pepper. The productivity of plant applied with biological agents was 16.84 ton.ha-1, which was 86.50 % higher than that without biological agents application.

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