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Sugih Nugroho
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Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 20876017     EISSN : 25030868     DOI : https://doi.org/10.17510/paradigma
Core Subject : Humanities, Science, Education, Art, Social,
Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Social Sciences
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya is a peer-reviewed and open-access journal published by the Faculty of Humanities, University of Indonesia. This journal accepts original articles about various issues in cultural science, which include but is not limited to philosophy, literature, archeology, anthropology, linguistics, history, cultural studies, philology, arts, library, and information science focused on studies and research.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Seni dan Humaniora (Lain-Lain)
Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 10, No. 3" : 7 Documents clear
Melacak Akar Kreativitas di Kota Bandung Masa Kolonial Sunjayadi, Achmad
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 10, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

In 2007 Bandung was designated as a pilot project for the creative cities of Asia Pacific, and in 2015 Bandung was included in the UNESCO Creative Cities Network. It is related to the development of the city of Bandung and the creativity of the population. Its creativity is formed through a process. This article traces the roots of this creativity since the beginning of its formation in the early 19th century to become the city of Bandung in the early 20th century. The method used is the historical method supported by creative cities’ and voluntary organization’s concepts. Primary sources were official government archives, tourist guidebooks, magazines, and newspapers. The result shows that the roots of the creativity of the Bandung population have been formed since the colonial period, both individually and in groups. Through the synergy between the community and leaders in the city of Bandung, they are incorporated into organizations whose initial goals are for the welfare of the people of Bandung, then develop introducing the city of Bandung for people from outside Bandung in tourism activities. They prepared several infrastructure facilities and built tourism objects for both citizens and tourists.
Decolonizing Gender Identities in Indonesia: A Study of Bissu ‘The Trans-Religious Leader’ in Bugis People Ismoyo, Petsy Jessy
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 10, No. 3
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Abstract

Bhinneka Tunggal Ika is one of the pillars of Indonesia that has placed our nation and nationess to a diversity of identity, from genders, tribes, religions, to cultures. Indonesia has a long history of gender diversity that recognized various gender identities as part of the culture. Henceforth, In Indonesia, gender is not perceived in a binary way between male or female, masculine and feminine, without giving the ‘third space’ to other genders and sexuality. For example, Bugis people recognize five genders: oroané, makkunrai, calabai, calalai, and bissu, which will be examined further in this paper. In reality, a lively debate emerges about “gender pluralism” that is considered not part of Indonesian culture. The rising number of persecution to the minority, including transgender people, has placed them to the most vulnerable groups because of their gender identity. This paper aims to deconstruct the understanding of gender identities in Indonesia through cross-cultural, socio-religious, and postcolonial approaches to develop the cultural history of gender pluralism in Indonesia. To examine further the decolonization of gender identities in Indonesia, the author identifies the process between ‘desire’ and ‘demand’ in terms of ‘The Colonizers’ and ‘The Colonized’ to see how the ‘dominant discourse represents reality about gender identities. By re-imagining ‘binary opposition’ in the ‘on-going’ process of movement happens in intercultural space, the author revives the ‘intersectional space’ of gender identities in Indonesia, as Edward Soja described ‘Third Space’. Research result showed that Bissu’s existence heretofore left ‘the conceived’ and ‘the Lived’ in the Bugis community; thus, it drifted the limited space given to the Bissu in ‘the perceived’. Consequently, it restricted the development of Bissu’s hybrid identity. Henceforth, the revival of malempu and malebbi were required as an intervention about giving back the power of agency within ‘sign games’ to the Bissu.
Teong Negeri: Sakralitas Identitas Lokal Masyarakat Negeri Adat di Maluku Tengah Salakory, Revaldo Pravasta Julian Mb
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 10, No. 3
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This article discusses the sacredness of Teong Negeri in the life of the indigenous people in Maluku. Teong Negeri is seen as a symbol of the customary state in Central Maluku, among others, Negeri Haya, Hatu, Tehua and Wassu and has a function in maintaining the socio-cultural network. the four states of Pela Gandong Negeri Haya, Hatu, Tehua and Wassu use Teong Negeri as a daily greeting. It can be seen that Teong Negeri is a sacred symbol for the four states of pela gandong because in addition to being a symbol of identity that is able to integrate each other, but also a symbol of respect for ancestors. Based on research data related to the results of the interview Teong Negeri has to do with the history of the establishment of the state, in the life of indigenous people in Wassu state known as Teong Erihatu Samasuru, Haya state known as teong Nakajarimau, Hatu state known as Teong Silalou and Tehua state by the name of Teong Lounusa Amalatu. Ethnographic qualitative research methods are used to obtain in-depth field findings data, based on the informants' understanding of Teong Negeri as a sacred identity for the people of central Maluku in maintaining the cultural network (Islamic-Christian relations) during and after the conflict. So based on the findings, it can be seen that Teong Negeri is able to provide spirit capital for the entire community to keep alive the cultural provisions in the life of indigenous people in Central Maluku.
Kasus Ujaran Kebencian dalam Berita Surat Kabar di Hindia Belanda Nugraha, Fajar Muhammad; de Archellie, Reynaldo; Clement, Cresentia Carra Nethania
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 10, No. 3
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This article is a preliminary study that explores past events of the Dutch East Indies colonial government, specifically describing criminal cases of hate speech or haatzaai depicted in newspaper news between 1879 and 1942. The Dutch East Indies colonial government controlled freedom of thought, expression, and politics of the native population by using the legal instruments Wetboek van Strafrecht voor Nederlandsch Indie, especially articles 154, 155, 156, and 157. These four articles are known as haatzaai artikelen. This regulation was published and enforced in the Dutch East Indies in 1918. This article uses twenty-eight newspaper news articles published in ten cities on the islands of Java and Sumatra as the primary sources. This is research that uses historical methods by gathering primary and secondary sources in the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia (Jakarta), the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia (Jakarta), and the Constitutional Institution voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde (KITLV) (Jakarta). This article concludes that based on the news articles found, haatzaai artikelen, as a repressive legal product, is not only used by the colonial government to control people’s behavior but also used by fellow members of the community of East Indies to quarrel with each other in many cases of hatred, incitement, and defamation.
Krakatau on Fire, The Disaster of 1883 in Dutch Colonial Literature: A Postcolonial Approach Honings, Rick
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 10, No. 3
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In 1883, the volcano Krakatau erupted and collapsed, causing the deaths of tens of thousands. The eruption was one of the first disasters to take place beyond the Dutch boundaries that received so much attention in the Netherlands. Although the disaster appealed to the imagination, it barely led to the publication of fiction. Only in Dutch Indies youth literature can one find something about the Krakatau. In this article, four Dutch stories and novels are analysed: “Stories of the moon” by Nellie van Kol-Porreij, The hermit of Rakata or Krakatau on fire by Robert Michael Ballantyne, “Nine Months on Krakatau” by B.L. Kailola and Escaped from the jaws of death: The Krakatau tragedy by Rick Blekkink. These sources are analysed from a postcolonial perspective, focusing on unequal power relations. Focal points are the representation of the Indies and the indigenous people of the colony. This article illustrates the continuities and shifts in the representations over de course of time (1886–2014).
Eksistensi dan Pewarisan Budaya Tuku dalam Masyarakat Pulau Ndao (Orang Ndao) Kabupaten Rote Ndao Ntt Luji, Daud Saleh
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 10, No. 3
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Abstract

On Ndao Island, Ndao Nuse Subdistrict, Rote Ndao Regency, the people have two prominent skills and have become the livelihoods of the people on the island, namely weaving skills (manènnu) and craftsmen or silversmiths (tuku). The two skills of the above Ndao island community are passed on by parents with informal and non-formal education patterns, but the two cultures experience different developments. Manènnu culture is still developing today among women while tuku culture is almost extinct. To find out the existence and cause of near extinction of Tuku’s skills, this research was carried out with the formulation of the problem as follows: 1) how the existence of silver or tuku craftsmen on Ndao Island; 2) what is the cause of the almost endangered skill of silversmiths or tuku in Ndao Island; 3) how are the efforts of the people of Ndao Island to pass down the culture of silversmiths or tuku to young generation. This study aims: 1) to find out the existence of silver or tuku craftsmen on Ndao Island; 2) to find out the cause of the almost endangered skill of silversmiths or tuku in Ndao Island; 3) to know the efforts of the people of Ndao Island to pass down the culture of silversmiths or tuku to their young generation. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with interview and observation techniques for data collection. From the results of data analysis it can be concluded the following matters: First, there is an effort of cultural inheritance in society but does not use the right pattern. Second, the lack of interest in the younger generation to learn tuku. Third, the existence of cultural assimilation is the inclusion of a new method of fishing that is using a large trawl boat with a large trawl type so that many young people from Ndao Island who do not want to learn tuku skills and prefer to be subordinates to lampara boats whose income is actually far below the skills of tuku. Besides that, there are many people who pursue seaweed cultivation, the Fourth. The more difficult the silver raw materials in the community. The fifth pattern of cultural inheritance is not done well and well organized.
Revisiting Ethnicity in Southeast Asia Resminingayu, Dewi Hermawati
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 10, No. 3
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Abstract

To explain ethnicity, scholars have come to an endless discussion providing a wide spectrum of ethnicity throughout the world. Various perspectives have been suggested to comprehend the notion of ethnicity. To this point, there are three most well-known perspectives to explain this term, namely primordialism, instrumentalism, and constructivism approach. Most scholars commonly apply one approach to dissect a case study related to ethnicity. Few have ombined two approaches, for each approach seems to contradict one another. However, this paper suggests that those three approaches can be simultaneously applied if critically used to discern certain case studies related to ethnicity in Southeast Asia. This argument will be elaborated into the analysis of ethnic identity for the minority and majority groups in Indonesia and Thailand.

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