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International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
Published by Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy
ISSN : 22524940     EISSN : 27164519     DOI : https://doi.org/10.61435/ijred.xxx.xxx
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering
The International Journal of Renewable Energy Development - (Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev.; p-ISSN: 2252-4940; e-ISSN:2716-4519) is an open access and peer-reviewed journal co-published by Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE) that aims to promote renewable energy researches and developments, and it provides a link between scientists, engineers, economist, societies and other practitioners. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development is currently being indexed in Scopus database and has a listing and ranking in the SJR (SCImago Journal and Country Rank), ESCI (Clarivate Analytics), CNKI Scholar as well as accredited in SINTA 1 (First grade category journal) by The Directorate General of Higher Education, The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology, The Republic of Indonesia under a decree No 200/M/KPT/2020. The scope of journal encompasses: Photovoltaic technology, Solar thermal applications, Biomass and Bioenergy, Wind energy technology, Material science and technology, Low energy architecture, Geothermal energy, Wave and tidal energy, Hydro power, Hydrogen production technology, Energy policy, Socio-economic on energy, Energy efficiency, planning and management, Life cycle assessment. The journal also welcomes papers on other related topics provided that such topics are within the context of the broader multi-disciplinary scope of developments of renewable energy.
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Energi Terbarukan, Keberlanjutan dan Lingkungan
Articles 709 Documents
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Biogas Production in Dairy Farming in Indonesia: A Challenge for Sustainability Jatmiko Wahyudi; Tb. Benito Achmad Kurnani; Joy Clancy
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 4, No 3 (2015): October 2015
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.4.3.219-226

Abstract

Biogas plays an important role in supporting and ensuring the dairy farming sector remains sustainable. Biogas technology is not only as a method to dispose dairy farming waste but also benefiting economically, socially and environmentally. Biogas technology has been introduced since 1970s and many biogas programmes have been implemented in Indonesia. However compare to other countries like China and India, the dissemination of biogas technology in Indonesia runs quite slowly. There are several factors such as financial, policies and people’s perception hindering biogas use regarding the increase of biogas plants installed in Indonesia. In addition, many installed biogas plants are non-functional due to inadequate maintenance causing users stop to operate biogas plants and influencing potential users to reject adopting the technology. This paper provides an overview of biogas production sustainability which consists of five sustainability dimensions: technical, economic, social, environmental and organizational/institutional sustainability. Understanding the biogas sustainability helps stakeholders to realize that in order to promote biogas technology many sectors must be developed and many institutions must be involved and cooperated. The sustainability of biogas will determine the success of biogas dissemination particularly in dairy farming in the future. 
RETRACTED: Control of Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Micro-Energy Grid’s DC Feeders' Power Flow Application Muhammad Hammad Saeed; Wang Fangzong; Basheer Ahmed Kalwar
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 11, No 2 (2022): May 2022
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2022.41952

Abstract

Referred to by: Retraction notice to ‘Control of Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Micro-Energy Grid’s DC Feeders' Power Flow Application' IJRED 11(2), 533-546International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 12(6). https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2023.57139
Design and Optimization of a Rack and Pinion Type WEC Using an Auxiliary Vibrating System Avikash Kaushik Chand; Farid Mahboubi Nasrekani; Kabir Mamun; Sumesh Narayan
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 12, No 2 (2023): March 2023
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.50462

Abstract

Research on wave energy converters with Rack and pinion type Power Take-Off (PTO) has been increasing over the last few years. A few control methods are used to optimize the performance of the said Wave Energy Converters (WECs). This paper presents a novel auxiliary vibrating system that can be implemented to improve the power input to a wave energy converter with a rack and pinion type PTO in regular waves. The design of the WEC system includes a floater, a double rack and pinion arrangement, a vibrating system, and a Mechanical Motion Rectifier (MMR) consisting of two one-way bearings that can convert the bidirectional wave motion to a unidirectional rotation of the output shaft. Once the waves move the floater upwards, this compresses the vibrating system which absorbs some of the energy and then the vibrating system helps the floater return to its original position by releasing the stored energy. The vibrating system also serves as a control method for limiting rack movement, so the impact of the waves is not detrimental to the system. This article aims to approximate the optimized power input to the system and investigate whether the implementation of a novel vibrating system improves the system power input. Allowing the WEC’s natural frequency to reach the wave’s natural frequency is important as it allows for maximum power absorption. The use of vibration systems to tune the WEC’s natural frequency close to the waves’ is novel and serves as the main factor in choosing this research. The WEC was modeled as 2 spring mass damper systems. Then the characteristic equations of the systems were extracted from the equations of motion and solved analytically to obtain the responses. One-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method together with two different algorithms (Genetic and Multi-Start algorithms) from MATLAB code were used to optimize the response. The optimized power input to the system was then approximated. For system one, the maximum amplitude of the response was seen at a system mass of 500 kg and stiffness in the range of 100<k<240 N/m. The same was achieved for system two at a system mass of 500 kg and stiffness in the range of 100<k<138. The effect of the stiffness and mass on the response and input power has also been discussed. 
Thermodynamic Model of a Very High Efficiency Power Plant based on a Biomass Gasifier, SOFCs, and a Gas Turbine P V Aravind; C Schilt; B Türker; T Woudstra
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 1, No 2 (2012): July 2012
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2012.3803

Abstract

Thermodynamic calculations with a power plant based on a biomass gasifier, SOFCs and a gas turbine are presented. The SOFC anode off-gas which mainly consists of steam and carbon dioxides used as a gasifying agent leading to an allothermal gasification process for which heat is required. Implementation of heat pipes between the SOFC and the gasifier using two SOFC stacks and intercooling the fuel and the cathode streams in between them has shown to be a solution on one hand to drive the allothermal gasification process and on the other hand to cool down the SOFC. It is seen that this helps to reduce the exergy losses in the system significantly. With such a system, electrical efficiency around 73% is shown as achievable.
Residential Air Conditioning System Integrated with Packed Bed Cool Storage Unit for Promoting Rooftop Solar PV Power Generation Kesavan Muthaiyan; Rajamani Narayanasamy; Chidambaram Lakshmanan; Pandiyarajan Vellaichamy; Velraj Ramalingam
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 10, No 2 (2021): May 2021
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2021.33750

Abstract

The increase in the share of renewable-based power in the gross power generation in most countries causes significant concerns over the addition of renewable power with the grid, results in stability issues in most developed nations. Energy storage is an emerging technology that is considered the ultimate solution in developing microgrids with distributed renewable power generation. The cool thermal storage plays a vital role in economically promoting renewable power among different storage units. The major objective of the research work is to demonstrate the integration of residential air-conditioning systems with packed bed cool storage units to promote rooftop solar power generation for residential space cooling applications. In order to achieve the said objective, an experimental investigation was made to study the charging/discharging characteristics of a packed bed cool-storage unit combined with a chiller and a cooling coil unit suitable for small capacity air-conditioning applications. The system consists of encapsulated spherical capsules filled with a phase change material blended with distilled water and pseudomonas (nucleating agent) and the heat transfer fluid as a combination of distilled water and Mono-ethylene glycol. A cooling coil unit was connected to the cool-storage tank to transfer cool energy from the storage tank to the space to be cooled when there is a demand. The important parameters, such as instantaneous and cumulative heat transfer during the charging/discharging processes, are presented. The average COP values of the chiller during the charging operation were estimated as 1, 0.93, and 0.89 when the HTF setpoint temperatures were -6°C, -9°C, and -12°C, which shows a decrease in performance as the setpoint temperature decreases. During the discharging process, a cooling load of 2.25 kW is obtained during the first cycle of operation and gradually reduces to 0.3 kW during the sixth cycle of operation. The increase in the HTF temperature during each cycle of operation indicates that the Phase Change Material (PCM) in the balls cannot release the heat as per the demand after a certain period of discharging. Hence, decreasing the internal thermal resistance by suitable measures is essential to achieve uniform heat flux and to operate the system successfully
Potential Effect and Analysis of High Residential Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems Penetration to an Electric Distribution Utility (DU) Jeffrey Tamba Dellosa
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 5, No 3 (2016): October 2016
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.5.3.179-185

Abstract

The Renewable Energy Act of 2008 in the Philippines provided an impetus for residential owners to explore solar PV installations at their own rooftops through the Net-Metering policy. The Net-Metering implementation through the law however presented some concerns with inexperienced electric DU on the potential effect of high residential solar PV system installations. It was not known how a high degree of solar integration to the grid can possibly affect the operations of the electric DU in terms of energy load management. The primary objective of this study was to help the local electric DU in the analysis of the potential effect of high residential solar PV system penetration to the supply and demand load profile in an electric distribution utility (DU) grid in the province of Agusan del Norte, Philippines. The energy consumption profiles in the year 2015 were obtained from the electric DU operating in the area. An average daily energy demand load profile was obtained from 0-hr to the 24th hour of the day based from the figures provided by the electric DU. The assessment part of the potential effect of high solar PV system integration assumed four potential total capacities from 10 Mega Watts (MW) to 40 MW generated by all subscribers in the area under study at a 10 MW interval. The effect of these capacities were measured and analyzed with respect to the average daily load profile of the DU. Results of this study showed that a combined installations beyond 20 MWp coming from all subscribers is not viable for the local electric DU based on their current energy demand or load profile. Based from the results obtained, the electric DU can make better decisions in the management of high capacity penetration of solar PV systems in the future, including investment in storage systems when extra capacities are generated.Article History: Received July 15th 2016; Received in revised form Sept 23rd 2016; Accepted Oct 1st 2016; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Dellosa, J. (2016) Potential Effect and Analysis of High Residential Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems Penetration to an Electric Distribution Utility (DU). Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 5(3), 179-185.http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.5.3.179-185
Analysing the Possibility of Extracting Energy from Ocean Waves in Cabo-Verde to Produce Clean Electricity - Case-Study: the Leeward Islands Wilson Madaleno Leger Monteiro; António Sarmento
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 8, No 1 (2019): February 2019
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.8.1.103-112

Abstract

This work analyses the possibility of extracting energy from the ocean waves around the Leeward Islands of Cabo-Verde. This study was based on 31 years of wave and wind data, obtained through the SOWFIA - Streamlining of Ocean Wave Farm Impact Assessment, at 16° N-24° W. Then, the SWAN - Simulating Waves Nearshores - was used to perform the wave transformations to the shore. As the number of waves is very high, the cluster analysis and the Non-Parametric Wilcoxon Test were used to reduce the computing time by SWAN. The results pointed to the South of these islands and the East Coast of Maio island as the best locations for wave energy extraction. The use of the power matrix of some commercial devices that are available, such as Wave Dragon (7 MW), Pelamis (750 kW) and AquaBuoy (250 kW), allowed to estimate the best devices scale factors that leads to their best Capacity Factor (CF), at the target regions. Thus, the Wave Dragon is the most indicated device (CF=71%), at the scale of 0.3, followed by AquaBuoy scaled by 0.4 (CF=57%) and Pelamis scaled by 0.5, with CF=26%. However, in a natural scale, AquaBuoy is the most efficient device (CF = 18.8%) in comparison to the Wave Dragon (CF=17%) and Pelamis (CF=15%). AquaBuoy presented the best cost-benefit ratio (C/B = 0.135 USD/kWh) followed by Wave Dragon (C/B= 0.235 USD/kWh) and Pelamis (C/B = 0.390 USD/kWh). The limitation of the number of Wave Energy Converters to implement the wave power plant affects negatively the cost of its investment.©2019. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reservedArticle History: Received March 27th 2018; Received in revised form October 16th 2018; Accepted January 5th 2019; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Monteiro, W.M.L., and Sarmento, A (2019). Analysing the Possibility of Extracting Energy from Ocean Waves in Cabo-Verde to Produce Clean Electricity - Case-Study: The Leeward Islands. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 8(1), 103-112https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.8.1.103-112
Techno-economic analysis of fixed versus sun-tracking solar panels Akram Elahi Gol; Milan Ščasný
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 12, No 3 (2023): May 2023
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.50165

Abstract

The potential output of photovoltaic (PV) panels is influenced by several factors, including the direction of solar radiation from the sun toward the panel’s surface. The maximum output of the panels is obtained when the panels are vertical to the sun's rays. In this study, a techno-economic analysis is conducted to examine whether an automatic one-axis sun tracker system is an economically feasible option for installing a large-scale PV park in the Nicosia district in the central part of Cyprus. The performance of a one-axis sun tracker with an installed capacity of 781 kWp is compared to a PV system with a fixed flat structure having the same capacity and larger capacity at 1034 kWp. Output generated by the three PV system options is simulated by three alternative simulation software (SolarGIS, PVSyst, and PVGIS). Financial analysis is performed utilizing simulated PV power output, accounting for electricity feed-in tariff and overall cost of the project. The cash-flow model is run for several scenarios defined by different leverage ratios, including no leverage. Considering the technical parameters of a PV system and solar panel characteristics, such as the degradation effect on solar panel efficiency and solar radiation, we estimate the solar tracking system produces about 20%–30% more energy compared to a fixed structure. We find both technologies are economically viable options, however, a one-axis tracker system performs better financially. LCOE in all scenarios is below the highest acceptable level for solar PV projects in Cyprus which is 103 EUR per MWh. LCOE for a solar tracker PV is 39 EUR per MWh with a 30% leverage ratio and up to 79 EUR per MWh with 85% leverage. LCOE for a sun-tracker is ~20% lower than LCOE for a PV with a fixed axis of comparable size. Despite higher investment costs, the solar tracking PV system performs with a 12% higher equity internal rate of return, and a 9% shorter loan payback period compared to the same installed power of a fixed structure. The Financial analysis is complemented by quantified benefits due to avoided carbon emissions. Accounting for carbon benefits makes a sun-tracker PV system economically a better option over the fixed tracker PV system, resulting in 228,000 EUR more benefits. Overall, the present value of net benefits of a solar-tracker PV amounts to 1.39 mil. EUR and due to high irradiation in Cyprus, the carbon footprint of PV power output represents only 6% of the footprint of generating electricity in thermal power plants. When these benefits are accounted for the sum of NPV and social benefits will turn out to be higher for a one-axis tracker compared to the total social benefits of a fixed tracker of the same size.
The Costs of Producing Biodiesel from Microalgae in the Asia-Pacific Region G.J. Griffin; D.F. Batten; T. Beer; P.K. Campbell
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 2, No 3 (2013): October 2013
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2.3.105-113

Abstract

Capital and operating cost estimates for converting microalgae to oil or biodiesel are compared. These cost comparisons are based on Australian locations, which are expected to fall at the lower end of the cost spectrum in the Asia-Pacific Region and other parts of the world.  It is assumed that microalgae are grown in a concentrated saltwater medium in raceway ponds, then are harvested, dewatered and the oil is extracted and converted to biodiesel by transesterification. The size of the desired pond system affects the number of potential locations due to constraints in resource availability. Cost estimates vary significantly due to differences in the assumed oil productivity, the harvesting equipment and the method of converting residual biomass to electric power. A comparison is made with recent cost estimates from other parts of the world, in which the expected costs of microalgae oil production from a number of publicly available sources lay between 0.34–31.0 USD/L.  The resulting cost estimates of between 1.37—2.66 USD/L are at the lower end of this scale, thereby confirming that Australia has the potential to be a low-cost producer of algal oil and biodiesel in the Asia-Pacific Region.  It was significant that, despite similar assumptions for the microalgae-to-oil process, cost estimates for the final biodiesel or oil price differed by a factor of 2.  This highlights the high degree of uncertainty in such economic predictions. 
Simulation-Based Optimization of Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Off-grid Rural Electrification Akinola Sunday Oladeji; Mudathir Funsho Akorede; Salihu Aliyu; Abdulrasaq Apalando Mohammed; Adebayo Wahab Salami
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 10, No 4 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2021.31316

Abstract

There is a need to develop an optimization tool that can be applied in the feasibility study of a hybrid renewable energy system to find the optimal capacity of different renewable energy resources and support the decision makers in their performance investigation. A multi-objective function which minimizes the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) and Loss of Load Probability Index (LLPI) but maximizes the novel Energy Match Ratio (EMR) was formulated. Simulation-based optimization method combined with ε-constraint technique was developed to solve the multi-objective optimization problem. In the study, ten-year hourly electrical load demand, using the end-use model, is estimated for the communities. The performance of the developed algorithm was evaluated and validated using Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER®) optimization software. The developed algorithm minimized the LCOE by 6.27% and LLPI by 167% when compared with the values of LCOE ($0.444/kWh) and LLPI (0.000880) obtained from the HOMER® optimization tool. Also, the LCOE with the proposed approach was calculated at $0.417/kWh, which is lower than the $0.444/kWh obtained from HOMER®. From environmental perspective, it is found that while 141,370.66 kg of CO2 is saved in the base year, 183,206.51 kg of CO2 is saved in the ninth year.The study concluded that the approach is computationally efficient and performed better than HOMER® for this particular problem.The proposed approach could be adopted for carrying out feasibility studies and design of HRES for Off-Grid electrification, especially in the rural areas where access to the grid electricity is limited

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