Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, a reputable international journal, provides a forum for publishing the novel technologies related to the catalyst, catalysis, chemical reactor, kinetics, and chemical reaction engineering. Scientific articles dealing with the following topics in chemical reaction engineering, catalysis science, and engineering, catalyst preparation method and characterization, novel innovation of chemical reactor, kinetic studies, etc. are particularly welcome. However, articles concerned on the general chemical engineering process are not covered and out of the scope of this journal. This journal encompasses Original Research Articles, Review Articles (only selected/invited authors), and Short Communications, including: fundamentals of catalyst and catalysis; materials and nano-materials for catalyst; chemistry of catalyst and catalysis; surface chemistry of catalyst; applied catalysis; applied bio-catalysis; applied chemical reaction engineering; catalyst regeneration; catalyst deactivation; photocatalyst and photocatalysis; electrocatalysis for fuel cell application; applied bio-reactor; membrane bioreactor; fundamentals of chemical reaction engineering; kinetics studies of chemical reaction engineering; chemical reactor design (not process parameter optimization); enzymatic catalytic reaction (not process parameter optimization); kinetic studies of enzymatic reaction (not process parameter optimization); the industrial practice of catalyst; the industrial practice of chemical reactor engineering; application of plasma technology in catalysis and chemical reactor; and advanced technology for chemical reactors design. However, articles concerned about the "General Chemical Engineering Process" are not covered and out of the scope of this journal.
Articles
838 Documents
<![CDATA[An Efficient Synthesis of 1,8-Dioxo-Octahydroxanthenes Derivatives Using Heterogeneous Ce-ZSM-11 Zeolite Catalyst ]]>
<![CDATA[Rameshwar R. Magar]]>;
<![CDATA[Ganesh T. Pawar]]>;
<![CDATA[Sachin P. Gadekar]]>;
<![CDATA[Machhindra Karbhari Lande]]>
<![CDATA[ Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2018: BCREC Volume 13 Issue 3 Year 2018 (December 2018) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) ]]>
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DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.13.3.2062.436-446
<![CDATA[The Ce-ZSM-11 zeolite has been used as an efficient catalyst for the one pot synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthene derivatives from aromatic aldehyde and 5,5-dimethyl-cyclohexane-1,3-dione under reflux condition. The catalyst was characterized by Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmer-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD) techniques. This method provides several advantageous such as use of inexpensive catalyst, simple work-up procedure, high yield of desired product and reusability of catalyst. ]]>
<![CDATA[Catalytic Activity of Ni, Co, Mo Supported Anodic Aluminum Oxide Nanocomposites ]]>
<![CDATA[Anvar Xamidov]]>;
<![CDATA[Farhodjon Hoshimov]]>;
<![CDATA[Shavkat Mamatkulov]]>;
<![CDATA[Khakimjan Butanov]]>;
<![CDATA[Mirakhmat Yunusov]]>;
<![CDATA[Olim Ruzimuradov]]>
<![CDATA[ Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2020: BCREC Volume 15 Issue 3 Year 2020 (December 2020) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) ]]>
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DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.15.3.8480.845-852
<![CDATA[Nanostructured catalysts based on porous aluminum oxide (PAO) and some 3d metals, such as: nickel, cobalt, and molybdenum, have been obtained by anodic oxidation and impregnation. The synthesis of porous aluminum oxide with a highly ordered pore structure with pore sizes of 50 nm and a thickness of 50 µm is carried out by the method of two-stage anodic oxidation. The catalysts are obtained by impregnation of 3d metals into nanosized pores of aluminum oxide. The obtained catalysts based on nickel and porous Al2O3 are studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX). The results of SEM-EDX analysis shows that a spongy structure with filament sizes of 100 nanometers containing particles of 3d metals formed on the surface of the aluminum oxide matrix. The results are presented on the activity of nickel and heterogenic cobalt and molybdenum nanoparticles in the reaction of hydrogenation of hexene to hexane. The results show that the yield temperature of the hexane is decreased and the yield of hexane is observed at 200 °C with Ni/Al2O3 catalysts, and a similar yield of hexane mass is achieved at temperatures higher than 250 °C with Co-Mo/Al2O3 and traditional nickel catalysts on kieselguhr. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). ]]>
<![CDATA[Numerical Study of a Water Gas Shift Fixed Bed Reactor Operating at Low Pressures ]]>
<![CDATA[Wail El-Bazi]]>;
<![CDATA[Mustapha Bideq]]>;
<![CDATA[Abderrahim El-Abidi]]>;
<![CDATA[Said Yadir]]>;
<![CDATA[Bajil Ouartassi]]>
<![CDATA[ Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2022: BCREC Volume 17 Issue 2 Year 2022 (June 2022) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) ]]>
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DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.17.2.13510.304-321
<![CDATA[Today, hydrogen has become one of the most promising clean energy. Several processes allow obtaining hydrogen, among them there is the Water Gas Shift (WGS) reaction. On an industrial scale, WGS reaction takes place at high pressure [25–35 bar]. At high pressure, the cost of the process rises due to the energy consumed by compression, and the reduction in the lifetime of the equipment and the catalyst. At low pressures, catalyst lifetime can reach many years and the energy cost is reduced. It is for this reason that we are interested in modelling and simulation of a WGS converter operating at low pressures close to atmospheric pressure. In this work, a numerical study was conducted in order to determine the conditions allowing good rector operating at low pressure. A number of drawbacks of the process were identified. These drawbacks are essentially the non-negligible pressure drops and the strong intraparticle diffusion resistances. The prediction of the concentrations and the reaction rate within the pellet showed that the active zone of the pellet is located near the particle surface. It has also been shown that the resistances to interfacial mass and heat transfer are insignificant. The study of pressure effect showed that the pressure increase reduces the required catalyst mass to achieve equilibrium. Finally, this work revealed that the decrease in temperature and the increase in the concentrations of the reactants by increasing their fluxes, make it possible to increase the effectiveness factor of the catalyst and the conversion of carbon monoxide. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). ]]>
<![CDATA[Kinetics and Mechanism of Mn(II) Catalyzed Periodate Oxidation of p-anisidine: Effect of pH ]]>
<![CDATA[Rajneesh Dutt Kaushik]]>;
<![CDATA[Jaspal Singh]]>;
<![CDATA[M. Manila]]>;
<![CDATA[Manmeet Kaur]]>;
<![CDATA[Prabha Singh]]>
<![CDATA[ Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2014: BCREC Volume 9 Issue 3 Year 2014 (December 2014) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) ]]>
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DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.9.3.6823.182-191
<![CDATA[The stoichiometry for the initial part of the reaction, Mn(II) catalysed periodate oxidation of p-anisidine (PMA), has been found to be 1 mol of PMA consuming 2 mol of periodate ion. The kinetic-mechanistic study of reaction in acetone-water medium was made spectrophotometrically by noting the increase in the absorbance of reaction intermediate. Reaction is first order in reactants and catalyst each. A decrease in dielectric constant of the medium results in decrease in the rate of reaction suggesting an ion-dipole type interaction. Free radical scavengers do not affect the reaction rate. A special type of rate-pH profile shows a maximum at pH = 7.0. This pH effect also suggests the involvement of at least three differently reactive reactant species in the reaction and this fact has been considered by us while deriv-ing the rate law. Under pseudo first order conditions [IO4-] >> [PMA] and in agreement with the derived rate law, the 1/kcat versus [H+] plot passes through the minimum and the results can be fitted to the equation: 1/kcat = (K2 / k K3 K4 [H+]) + {(Kw + Kb K2) / k K3 K4 Kw} + Kb [H+] / k K3 K4 Kw, where kK3K4 is the empirical composite rate constant, Kw is ionic product of water, K2 is acid dissociation constant of H4IO6- and Kb is base dissociation constant of PMA. The experimental value of [H+]min is in good agreement with the value calculated by using the derived rate law equation and is character-istic of the substrate involved relating to the base dissociation constant of PMA. The value of thermo-dynamic parameters have been evaluated. © 2014 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)]]>
<![CDATA[Kinetic Study of Saponin Extraction from Sapindus rarak DC by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Methods ]]>
<![CDATA[Aininu Nafiunisa]]>;
<![CDATA[Nita Aryanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Dyah Hesti Wardhani]]>
<![CDATA[ Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 2 Year 2019 (August 2019) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) ]]>
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DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.2.4253.468-477
<![CDATA[Saponin is an important plant-derived compound that is commonly found in sapindaceae plants, such as Sapindus rarak DC. Saponin is extensively used in plenty of industries as a detergent or emulsifying agent in cleansers, shampoos, and cosmetics. The extraction of saponin was previously studied and shows that the extraction assisted by ultrasonic waves was found to be an effective method. However, the previous studies have rarely examined the extraction kinetic study of the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). In the present study, the extraction of saponin from Sapindus rarak DC and its extraction kinetics is conducted. The results show that the highest saponin yield of 354.92 (mg of saponin per gram of dry feed) was obtained from the extraction using a solid-to-liquid (S/L) ratio of 1:50 (w/v) at 50 °C. The amount of extracted saponin increased with the increase of extraction temperature as well as the solute ratio in the solution. However, increasing the temperature to 60 °C decreased the saponin yield. The results of a simple kinetics study of saponin extraction also show that the second-order kinetics model can better describe the UAE process, with an R2 value of 0.929 and a rate coefficient of 0.00495 L.g-1.min-1. The experimental results agree well with the practical calculations obtained using the second-order kinetics model based on an average error of 6.79%. ]]>
<![CDATA[In Situ Biodiesel Production from Residual Oil Recovered from Spent Bleaching Earth ]]>
<![CDATA[Ramli Mat]]>;
<![CDATA[Ow Shin Ling]]>;
<![CDATA[Anwar Johari]]>;
<![CDATA[Mahadhir Mohamed]]>
<![CDATA[ Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2011: BCREC Volume 6 Issue 1 Year 2011 (June 2011) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) ]]>
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DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.6.1.678.53-57
<![CDATA[Currently, semi-refined and refined vegetable oils are used as a feedstock in biodiesel production. However, due to competition with conventional fossil fuel, economic reasons, shortage supply of food and its social impact on the global scale has somewhat slowed the development of biodiesel industry. Studies have been conducted to recover oil from mill palm oil operation especially from the spent bleaching earth. Hence, the study was to investigate the potential recovery of oil from spent bleaching earth to be used as a feedstock for biodiesel production. The effect of different types of catalysts (sodium hydroxide alkali and sulfuric acid catalysts) on biodiesel yield was studied. In addition, the effect of volume addition of methanol to the weight of spent bleaching earth on the product yield was also studied. Furthermore, the effect of ratio of hexane to methanol was also carried out to determine its product yield. The studies were carried out in an in-situ biodiesel reactor system and the biodiesel product was analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Result shows that the use of alkali catalyst produced the highest yield of biodiesel and the most optimum biodiesel yield was obtained when the methanol to spent bleaching earth ratio was 3.2:1 (gram of methanol: gram of SBE) and hexane to methanol ratio of 0.6:1 (volume of hexane: volume of methanol). © 2011 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)]]>
<![CDATA[Effects of Doping on the Performance of CuMnOx Catalyst for CO Oxidation ]]>
<![CDATA[Subhashish Dey]]>;
<![CDATA[Ganesh Chandra Dhal]]>;
<![CDATA[Ram Prasad]]>;
<![CDATA[Devendra Mohan]]>
<![CDATA[ Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2017: BCREC Volume 12 Issue 3 Year 2017 (December 2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) ]]>
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DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.12.3.901.370-383
<![CDATA[The rare earth-doped CuMnOx catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation method. The CuMnOx catalyst was doped with (1.5 wt.%) CeOx, (1.0 wt.%) AgOx, and (0.5 wt.%) of AuOx by the dry deposition method. After the precipitation, filtration, and washing process, drying the sample at 110 oC for 16 hr in an oven and calcined at 300 oC temperature for 2 h in the furnace at stagnant air calcination condition. The influence of doping on the structural properties of the catalyst has enhanced the activity of the catalyst for CO oxidation. The doping of noble metals was not affected the crystal structure of the CuMnOx catalyst but changed the planar spacing, adsorption performance, and reaction performance. The catalysts were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface are, Scanning Electron Microscope Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) techniques. The results showed that doping metal oxides (AgOx, AuOx, and CeOx) into CuMnOx catalyst can enhance the CO adsorption ability of the catalyst which was confirmed by different types of characterization technique. ]]>
<![CDATA[Facile Investigation of Ti3+ State in Ti-based Ziegler-Natta Catalyst with A Combination of Cocatalysts Using Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) ]]>
<![CDATA[Thanyaporn Pongchan]]>;
<![CDATA[Piyasan Praserthdam]]>;
<![CDATA[Bunjerd Jongsomjit]]>
<![CDATA[ Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2020: BCREC Volume 15 Issue 1 Year 2020 (April 2020) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) ]]>
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DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.15.1.5227.55-65
<![CDATA[This study aims to investigate the influences of a combination of cocatalysts including triethylaluminum (TEA) and tri-n-octylaluminum (TnOA) for activation of a commercial Ti-based Ziegler-Natta catalyst during ethylene polymerization and ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization on the change in Ti3+ during polymerization. Thus, electron spin resonance (ESR) technique was performed to monitor the change in Ti3+ depending on the catalyst activation by a single and combination of cocatalyst. It revealed that the amount of Ti3+ played a crucial role on both ethylene polymerization and ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization. For ethylene polymerization, the activation with TEA apparently resulted in the highest catalytic activity. The activation with TEA+TnOA combination exhibited a moderate activity, whereas TnOA activation gave the lowest activity. In case of ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization, it revealed that the presence of 1-hexene decreased activity. The effect of different cocatalysts tended to be similar to the one in the absence of 1-hexene. The decrease of temperature from 80 to 70 °C in ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization tended to lower catalytic activity for TnOA and TEA+TnOA, whereas only slight effect was observed for TEA system. The effect of different cocatalyst activation on the change of Ti3+ state of catalyst was elucidated by ESR measurement. It appeared that the activation of catalyst with TEA+TnOA combination essentially inhibited the reduction of Ti3+ to Ti2+ leading to lower activity. Furthermore, the polymer properties such as morphology and crystallinity can be altered by different cocatalysts. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).]]>
<![CDATA[Pengaruh Lama Miling Terhadap Sifat Absorpsi Material Penyimpan Hidrogen MgH2 yang Dikatalisasi Dengan Fe (The Role of Milling Time on the Absorption Behaviour of MgH2 Catalyzed by Fe) ]]>
<![CDATA[Mustanir Mustanir]]>;
<![CDATA[Zulkarnain Jalil]]>
<![CDATA[ Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2009: BCREC Volume 4 Issue 2 Year 2009 (December 2009) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) ]]>
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DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.4.2.7112.69-72
<![CDATA[Hidrida logam berbasis MgH2 dengan sisipan 1 wt% katalis Fe telah berhasil disintesis dengan teknik ball milling. Hasil proses miling selama 80 jam menunjukkan bahwa ukuran butir material telah membentuk struktur nanokristal. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh profil difraksi sinar-X dimana terjadi pelebaran puncakpuncak difraksinya dengan meningkatnya waktu miling. Hasil uji absorpsi secara gravimetrik diketahui bahwa MgH2 berkatalis 1 wt% Fe mampu menyerap hydrogen sebesar 5,5 wt% dalam waktu ~20 menit pada temperatur 300 oC. Hasil ini sekaligus memperlihatkan bahwa sejumlah kecil katalis Fe bekerja secara baik dalam memperbaiki sifat absorpsi material penyimpan hydrogen berbasis Mg.(Metal hydrides are of great interest as hydrogen storage media especially for automotive application. Hydrides of magnesium and magnesium alloys are particularly attractive as they combine potentially high hydrogen storage capacities, 7.6 wt%. But, unfortunately, the sorption properties are poor. For example, conventional hydrogenation of magnesium requires prolonged treatment at temperatures of 300 oC and above. Here, we report the absorption properties of MgH2 catalyzed with a small amount of Fe element (1wt%) under argon atmosphere prepared by ball milling in 80 hours. As the results, it showed the influence of milling time on the absortion kinetics of material which could absorp hydrogen in amount 5.5 within 20 minutes at 300 oC. It is obvious that longer milling time and small amount of catalyst could improve the sorption properties of Mg-based hydrides).© 2009 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)]]>
<![CDATA[Challenges & Opportunities on Catalytic Conversion of Glycerol to Value Added Chemicals ]]>
<![CDATA[Zaki Yamani Zakaria]]>;
<![CDATA[Mazura Jusoh]]>;
<![CDATA[Shams Shazid Kader]]>;
<![CDATA[Siti Shawalliah Idris]]>
<![CDATA[ Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2021: BCREC Volume 16 Issue 3 Year 2021 (September 2021) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) ]]>
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DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.16.3.10524.525-547
<![CDATA[With the rapid expansion of biodiesel industry, its main by-product, crude glycerol, is anticipated to reach a global production of 6 million tons in 2025. It is actually a worrying phenomenon as glycerol could potentially emerge as an excessive product with little value. Glycerol, an alcohol and oxygenated chemical from biodiesel production, has essentially enormous potential to be converted into higher value-added chemicals. Using glycerol as a starting material for value-added chemical production will create a new demand on the glycerol market such as lactic acid, propylene glycol, alkyl lactatehydrogen, olefins and others. This paper briefly reviews the recent development on value-added chemicals derived from glycerol through catalytic conversion of refined and crude glycerol that have been proven to be promising in research stage with commercialization potential, or have been put in a corporate marketable production. Despite of the huge potential of products that can be transformed from glycerol, there are still numerous challenges to be addressed and discussed that include catalyst design and robustness; focus on crude or refined glycerol; reactor technology, reaction mechanism and thermodynamic analysis; and overall process commercial viability. The discussion will hopefully provide new insights on justified direction to focus on for glycerol transformation technology. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). ]]>
