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Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia
ISSN : 01261193     EISSN : 2460545X     DOI : 10.35749
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Ophthalmologica Indonesiana is an open accessed online journal and comprehensive peer-reviewed ophthalmologist journal published by the Indonesian Ophthalmologist Association / Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata (PERDAMI). Our main mission is to encourage the important science in the clinical area of the ophthalmology field. We welcome authors for original articles (research), review articles, interesting case reports, special articles, clinical practices, and medical illustrations that focus on the clinical area of ophthalmology medicine.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Ophthalmology
Articles 869 Documents
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CORRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE LEVEL OF THYROTROPIN RECEPTOR ANTIBODY WITH ACTIVITY AND SEVERITY OF GRAVES’ OPHTHALMOPATHY AT WAHIDIN SUDIROHUSODO HOSPITAL MAKASSAR: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Ophthalmologist ARDY GISNAWAN
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/g1kstk31

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Graves’ Ophthalmopathy (GO) is an autoimmune orbital disease with mostly occurs along with hyperthyroidism. The underlying cause of GO is theoretically connected with thyrotropin receptor that activated antigen-presenting cells from thyrotropin-receptor peptides, then attached with T- helper and B cell that produce the level of thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) and cause an enlargement of orbital tissue and increase the level of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). To determine the active manifestation status from those clinical findings, the Clinical Activity Score (CAS) is utilised. Meanwhile, European Group on Graves' Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) is used to classify the severity of the disease. This research aims to assess the correlation of TRAb levels toward its activity and severity in patients with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy. Methods : Thirty-four patients with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy underwent clinical and laboratory examinations. The result of clinical finding was plotted into CAS to determine its activity status and EUGOGO to classify its severity. TRAb concentration was measured with ELISA or TBII Assays. Results : All patients have high level TRAb. We analysed the level of TRAb with activity and severity. We found a significant result of cofounding variables related to gender and smoking history, with P value 0.011 and 0.017 respectively. There is no statistically significant result TRAb with activity (CAS) P=0.465, and TRAb with Severity (EUGOGO) P=0.812. Conclusion : The level of TRAb is primarily used as diagnostic marker for Graves’ Ophthalmopathy, but they haveno correlation from the level of TRAb with activity and severity patient with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy.
CORRELATION BETWEEN DEGREE OF PROPTOSIS WITH EYE BALL DIMENSION IN GRAVES OPHTHALMOPATHY PATIENT AT WAHIDIN SUDIROHUSODO HOSPITAL MAKASSAR: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Ophthalmologist Stephanie Tanjung
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/q9xc9w09

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Introduction Hyperthyroidism is one of the cause of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy (GO), which is an autoimmune orbital disease. Clinical manifestations of GO are orbital and periorbital edema, eyelid retraction, eyelid lag in down gaze, restrictive strabismus, compressive optic neuropathy, and keratopathy exposure. We can also find proptosis in GO patient. this happened because the expansion of adipose tissue and muscle at the edge of the orbital bones resulting in increased intraorbital pressure. Protrusion of eyeball can cause changes in the dimensions of the eyeball such as axial length, anterior chamber depth, and cornea curvature. Objective To assess the correlation of degree of proptosis with eyeball dimension in Patients Graves’ Ophthalmopathy. Methods : This research was a cross sectional study. A total of seventeen eyes were proptotic from patient with Graves' ophthalmopathy. They underwent measurement with a Hertel exophthalmometer and optical biometry to record the degree of proptosis, axial length, anterior chamber depth, and cornea curvature. Results : Patient with proptosis in Graves' Ophthalmopathy. This study analysed the degree of proptosis with axial length, anterior chamber depth, and cornea curvature. There is no statistically significant result. Conclusion : There was no correlation between degree of proptosis with axial length, anerior chamber depth, and cornea curvature in patient with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy.
Outcomes of Eyelid Malignant Tumor Patients at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Resident DESTI PRIANI; Dr. dr. Halimah Pagarra, Sp.M(K); dr. Ahmad Ashraf Amalius, MPH, Sp.M(K), M.Kes; dr. Andi Pratiwi, Sp.M, M.Kes
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/7xz12h14

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : The prevalence of malignant eyelid tumors varies, 80–95% are basal cell carcinomas (BCC), 5% are squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), and 1–3% are sebaceous gland carcinomas (SGC), and most of them are removed by complete resection. However, recurrence, metastasis, and tumor expansion are still common in these cases. This study aims to assess the characteristics and outcomes of eyelid malignant tumor patients at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital. Methods : This study used a retrospective cohort and was conducted using secondary data from medical records for five years at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital. Data on general characteristics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes were collected, then analyzed and presented in tabular form. Results : From 44 samples, females made up 75.0% and the largest age group was 45–64 years (65.9%). The tumor was most commonly located in the right eye (61.4%) and the superior eyelid (50.0%), with an onset of 36.36±37.75 months. BCC was the most frequent tumor (61.3%), especially nodular (81.5%). During the follow-up, recurrence (25%) was most prevalent in BCC (63.6%; p: 0.976), with an average recurrence of 31.36±32.47 months (p: 0.894). Metastases (2.3%) occurred in 1 SCC patient after 12 months, and tumor expansion (2.3%) occurred in 1 SGC patient. Conclusion : There was no difference in the incidence of tumor recurrence, metastasis, and expansion based on tumor type and location. However, there was a significant difference in the type of management taken against the tumor expansion. Follow-up must be done for at least three years after therapy.
THE EXPRESSION OF ALPHA-SMOOTH MUSCLE ACTIN IN CONTRACTED SOCKET: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Resident Theresia Dwiamelia
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/2vccx491

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : A contracted socket is considered a common complication in anophthalmic patients, with the resulting poor fitting of an ocular prosthesis. In severe cases where patients have had multiple previous reconstructive attempts, further socket contraction may result from fibrosis, leading to eventual surgical failure. Alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) is often used to identify pathologic fibroblasts. It may serve as a reliable marker for myofibroblast cells. The aim of the study was to find alpha-SMA protein expression in myofibroblasts derived from orbital socket contracture. Methods : In this study, we observed five patients with contracted sockets who underwent fornicoplasty and buccal graft surgery from October 2022 to February 2023. Tissue samples were taken from the conjunctival fornix area during the surgery and then examined for alpha-SMA expression. Results : In this study, there were 2 out of 5 (40%) positive alpha-SMA expressions with history of recurrent contraction, 2 (40%) negative expressions with no history of recurrent contraction, and 1 result that could not be assessed due to the limited number of samples containing fibroblasts in patient with history of recurrent contraction. Conclusion : Alpha-SMA levels can be detected in patients with contracted sockets. Patients with a history of recurrently contracted sockets have a tendency to express positive alpha-SMA. This may allow for the need for the administration of antimetabolites in patients with recurrent contracted sockets to avoid recurrence of this contracted socket.
RECONSTRUCTION OF ORBITAL FLOOR FRACTURES USING SILICONE BLOCK IMPLANT: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Ophthalmologist SYUKRIYAH SOFYAN
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/8jqj7386

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : It has long been a controversial-both the materials for orbital floor reconstruction and the timing of surgery. Silicone block implant is affordable and readily available especially in developing countries. Due to its complications and the development of other materials, silicone block implant has rarely been used. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of timing of surgery and the use of silicone block implant in orbital floor fractures reconstruction. Methods : We conducted a retrospective review of patients who had orbital floor fractures and undergone reconstruction surgery using silicone block implant in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from January 2017 to December 2021. These patients then divided into three groups based on their surgery interval time. Outpatient notes, Computed Tomography (CT) reports, surgical admission notes, records and complications were recorded. Patients with follow-up less than three months were excluded. Results : Thirty-one patients were included (23 males, 8 females) with age 18-60 years old being dominant. Thirty (96.8%) patients had unilateral fractures, 23 patients (74.2%) came with impure fractures, and fractures mostly caused by traffic accidents (83.9%). Subconjunctival bleeding and eyelid abnormalities were found as the majority of ocular involvement. Symptoms with the greatest improvement were different between three groups based on surgery interval time. Besides, only one extruded implant was found. Conclusion : Silicone block implant provides good outcomes with minimal complications even after late surgical repair of orbital floor fractures.
Prospective Study on the Surgical Outcome of Eyelid Carcinoma: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Ophthalmologist HENING NALURIA
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/0vc3ve50

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Introduction Resection of eyelid carcinoma may lead to a risk of recurrences which might increase if excision was incomplete. Risk factors of incomplete surgical removal and recurrences are deep infiltration, spreading outside the macroscopic border, eye socket penetration, and histological type of the eyelid carcinoma. Objective To evaluate the surgical outcomes of eyelid carcinomas. Methods : This is a hospital based prospective observational study involving 16 patients. Prior to the surgery patients were evaluated for visual acuity, intra ocular pressure, extra ocular motility, fundus examination, and local clinical examinations. The eyelid carcinomas were histological detected concerning carcinoma type and margin involvement. Local anesthesia was applied. Patients were evaluated 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after surgery for local complications, patients satisfaction on surgical results, and recurrences. The surgical technic applied in this study were also observed. Results : Dominant tumor type were basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (87, 44%). The locations were at right and left lower eyelid with percentage of 68. 7 % and 31. 3 % respectively. All patients satisfied on surgery outcomes (100%). Three patients (6. 25 %) with complications were found within 6 months after the surgery. There were no recurrences during follow up period. Surgery procedures applied were modified hughe’s procedure (56. 25%) and mass excision and reconstruction (43. 75%). Conclusion : There was less complications and no recurrences within 6 months after surgery. All patients satisfied with the surgical outcomes.
Interferon alpha 2b or Mitomycin-C as Adjuvant Therapy of Pigmented Conjunctival Malignancy : A Literature Review: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Resident dr. meuthia rana amira primaputri
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/rfp0a976

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : To compare the efficacy and safety between Mitomycin C (MMC) and Interferon alpha-2b (IFN-α2b) eye drops as adjuvant therapy for conjunctival melanoma. Methods : Literature searching was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. All studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were categorized based on the level of evidence. The data of patients demographics, staging of disease, type of treatments, and outcomes of this review including local control rate, side effect, and recurrence and/or metastases were also reported. Results : From twelve articles, topical adjuvant chemotherapy with MMC and IFN α-2b showed favourable complete remission rate. Local control (complete remission) of IFN α-2b group is 46%, while in MMC group is 57%. The most side effect of MMC group were severe corneal-conjunctival irritation and corneal defect, while the IFN α-2b group showed mild side effect. Recurrency rate of IFN α-2b group and MMC group both is 35%. Metastases case of IFN α-2b group is 3.8%, while none of cases from MMC group metastases. Conclusion : Topical adjuvant chemotherapy with MMC and IFN α-2b showed favourable local control rate even though the recurrency rate also relatively high. Both medications showed promising results to reduce residual tumor size after wide excision surgery, preserving eye so reduce the chance of exenteration in various stages. It is important to consider adjuvant therapy following wide excision surgery as the first line treatment.
Eyelid Malposition, the Basic Examination: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Ophthalmologist HENDRIATI JEFRIANTO
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/qdhpen23

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Eyelid malposition is when the eyelids become abnormally positioned due to various causes. The disorder is not aesthetically-pleasing and can lead to visual and ocular problems, which can be serious. The main cause of eyelid malposition is aging, as the tissues surrounding the eyes relax as we age. It can also occur as a result of paralysis of the facial nerve (Bell's palsy), trauma, scarring, and surgery Methods : The types of eyelid malposition are: 1)Ptosis, a drooping upper eyelid, with difficulty in opening the eyelid voluntarily. In some cases, it is so severe that the eyelid covers the axis of the pupil and hinders correct vision in the affected eye. 2)Entropion, inward turning of the eyelid towards itself. It may be the lower eyelid or the upper eyelid, causing the eyelashes to rub against the cornea and eye surface, and 3)Ectropion, is the rotation towards the outside of the lower eyelid. Very often, it causes the tears to build up at the mid point without being able to drain and the patient notices their eye watering. Results : There are some examination for each type eyelid malpositions, like for ptosis: fissure palpebral vertical, fissure palpebral horizontal, levator function, margin limbal distance, margin reflex distance, and bell’s phenomenon. Examination for entropion and ectropion including squeeze test, distraction test, snap and snap-back test, medial and lateral canthal laxity. Conclusion : Careful examination is required to diagnose and manage eyelid malposition.
COMPARISON OF HSP90 EXPRESSION IN CONJUNCTIVAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA AND CONJUNCTIVAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA: Oral Presentation - Experimental Study - Ophthalmologist TRISSA WULANDA PUTRI; IBRAHIM
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/ecrzje96

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) participates in stabilizing and activating client proteins involved in malignant transformation. This study aims to determine whether there are different values for the expression of HSP90 in Conjunctival Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) and Conjunctival Squamous Cell Carcinoma (CSCC). Methods : A total of 24 OSSN samples, including 15 cases of CIN and 9 cases of CSCC were evaluated. The immunohistochemical expression of HSP90 was assessed using a scoring system based on the percentage of positive staining of nuclear and cytoplasmic cells, then the intensity of staining was evaluated using the German Immunoreactive Score. Results : In the study, the average cytoplasmic Immunoreactive Score in CIN was 9.87 and CSCC was 16.89 with a significant result (p=0.007), while the average nuclear Immunoreactive Score in CIN was 11.30 and CSCC was 14.50 with insignificant results (p=0.274). The results of the correlation test showed that the cytoplasmic expression groups with low categories were all in CIN as much as 6 (100%) so they had a ratio of 6:0. and the high category of HSP90 cytoplasmic expression group was only found in CSCC as many as 2 (100%) samples with a ratio of 0:2. The results of the correlation test using the Pearson test obtained a significant correlation value (p=0.006) with a moderate correlation strength (r=0.545). Conclusion : There are differences in the expression of cytoplasmic and nuclear HSP90 but only the cytoplasmic expression of HSP90 is significantly associated with CIN and CSCC.
Ocular Melanoma Clinical Characteristics in Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta: A 5-Year Retrospective Study: Oral Presentation - Observational Study - General practitioner Kevin Setiawan
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/nwnzy615

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Ocular melanoma is a rare and potentially deadly type of cancer that affects the cells in the eye responsible for producing pigmentation. Unlike skin melanoma, which is more common and arises from the skin, ocular melanoma occurs within the eye itself, often developing in the choroid, ciliary body, or iris. Although rare, ocular melanoma is the most common primary cancer of the eye in adults. This abstract aims to provide the prevalence and clinical characteristics of ocular melanoma in a tertiary referral hospital in Yogyakarta. Methods : A retrospective study was conducted in 2022. Medical records of patients diagnosed with ocular melanoma between January 2016 – December 2020 were analyzed. Prevalence rates, patient demographic, clinical characteristics, type of ocular melanoma, and treatment were evaluated. Results : Ten patients were included in the study and the ratio was equal in men and women. Patients came from East Java (40%), Central Java (30%), and Yogyakarta Province (30%). The initial symptom was a predominantly growing spot on the eye (60%). All patients had unilateral ocular melanoma, predominantly in the left eye (80%). The origin of the tumor was conjunctival melanoma (30%), orbital melanoma (30%), uveal melanoma (20%), choroidal melanoma (10%), and eyelid melanoma (10%). The modality of treatment is predominantly surgical with chemotherapy (30%). Conclusion : The most common initial symptom of ocular melanoma was a growing spot on the eye and most cases were treated by surgery with chemotherapy.

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