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Amerta
Published by BRIN Publishing
ISSN : 02151324     EISSN : 25498908     DOI : https://doi.org/10.55981/amt
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Art, Social,
Religion Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences
Starting at Volume 40 Number 2 December 2022, AMERTA’s objective is to promote the wide dissemination of the results of systematic scholarly inquiries into the broad field of archaeological research in proto-history and history chronology themes in the Indonesian Archipelago. The primary, but not exclusive, audiences are researchers, academicians, graduate students, practitioners, and others interested in archaeological research. AMERTA accepts original articles on historical archaeology-related subjects and any research methodology that meets the standards established for publication in the journal. Papers published in the journal may cover a wide range of topics in historical archaeology, including, but not limited to: 1. Field of archaeological findings in Indonesia’s Proto History, Hindu-Buddhist, Islam, and Colonial periods; 2. New theoretical and methodological analyses; 3. Synthetic overviews of topics in the field of historical archaeology.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Arkeologi
Articles 16 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 29 No. 2 (2011)" : 16 Documents clear
Cover Amerta Volume 29, No 2, Tahun 2011 Redaksi Arkenas
AMERTA Vol. 29 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

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Preface Amerta Volume 29, No 2, Tahun 2011 Redaksi Arkenas
AMERTA Vol. 29 No. 2 (2011)
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KEHIDUPAN MANUSIA MODERN AWAL DI INDONESIA: SEBUAH SINTESA AWAL Truman Simanjuntak
AMERTA Vol. 29 No. 2 (2011)
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Abstrak. Rentang waktu Plestosen Akhir atau paruh kedua Plestosen Atas pada umumnya merupakan periode yang mengait dengan kemunculan dan perkembangan Manusia Modern Awal (MMA) di Indonesia. Bukti-bukti arkeologi sedikit banyaknya telah meyakinkan keberadaannya, berikut rekaman perilakunya yang khas, dalam periode tersebut. Terlepas dari pertanggalan kolonisasi awal yang belum diketahui pasti dari manusia modern awal ini, pertanggalan radiometri yang tersedia menampakkan bahwa mereka telahmenghuni Indonesia, dan Asia Tenggara pada umumnya, paling tidak sejak sekitar 45 ribu tahun lalu hingga akhir kala Plestosen. Beberapa fenomena perilaku yang paling menonjol, yang membedakannya dari perilaku manusia purba yang mendiami Indonesia sejak jutaan tahun sebelumnya, adalah: (1) ekploitasi geografi yang semakin luas di kepulauan; (2) perubahan lokasi hunian dari bentang alam terbuka ke relung-relung alam seperti gua dan ceruk; (3) pengembangan teknologi litik yang menghasilkan alat-alat serpih menggantikan alatalat yang tergolong kelompok kapak perimbas/penetak; dan (4) sistem mata pencaharian yang lebih maju dan beragam dengan eksploitasi lingkungan (flora dan fauna) yang lebih bervariasi. Keseluruhan fenomena perilaku tersebut akan menjadi pokok bahasan tulisan ini. Kata kunci: Manusia Modern Awal (MMA), fenomena perilaku, Plestosen Akhir Abstract. The Life of Early Modern Human in Indonesia: A Preliminary Synthesis. The Late Pleistocene period or, in broader sense, the second half of the Upper Pleistocene, was in general related to the emergence and development of Early Modern Human (EMH) in Indonesia. Archaeological evidences have more or less confirmed their existence - with records of their unique behavior - within the period. In spite of the still obscure date of their initial occupation, the available radiometry dating reveals that this early Homo sapiens had inhabited Indonesia, and Southeast Asia in general, at least since ca. 45 kya up to the end of the Ice Age. Some of the most prominent behavior phenomena, which distinct modern human to early men's behavior who inhabited Indonesia since millions of years previously, are: (I) exploitation of wider geographical area within the archipelago; (2) change of activity orientation from open-air areas to natural niches, such as caves and rock shelters; (3) development of lithic technology that produced flake tools, replacing the chopper/chopping tool groups; and (4) more advanced and diverse systems of subsistence with more varied animals to hunt. The entire phenomena of behavior are the mainfocus of this paper. Keywords: Early Modern Human (EMH), behavior phenomena, Late Pleistocene
THE ROLE OF BHIMA AT CANDI SUKUH (As represented by a number of reliefs¹) Hariani Santiko
AMERTA Vol. 29 No. 2 (2011)
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Abstrak. Peranan Bhima di Candi Sukuh. Tokoh Bhima digambarkan dalam sejumlah relief di Kompleks Percandian Sukuh. Tokoh ini dijumpai pada episode-episode ceritera Bhimaswarga yang dipahatkan pada dinding Candi Kyai Sukuh, yaitu sebuah kuil kecil di muka kuil utama Candi Sukuh. Fragmen dari cerita yang sama juga ditemukan di gerbang Kala-mrga. Selain itu, ditemukan pula fragmen ceritera Sudamala yang menggambarkan Bhima menyerang tokoh iblis di sebuah papan batu, sedangkan sejumlah relief Bhima lainnya yang belum dikenali asal ceriteranya ditemukan tersebar di halaman Kompleks Percandian Sukuh. Berdasarkan studi banding antara data artefaktual dan data tekstual penulis meyakini bahwa tokoh Bhima dipuja sebagai perantara antara Dewa Siwa dan orang-orang yang ingin mencapai pelepasan akhir (moksa). Peranan Bhima sebagai penyelamat manusia dapat dijumpai pada ceritera Bhimaswarga. Pada relief yang mengambarkan episode terakhir Bhimaswarga, tokoh Bhima digambarkan sedang diberi sebotol amrta oleh Siwa. Kata kunci: Werkodara, Amrta, Kalamrga, Kebenaran Sejati, Sang Hyang Tunggal Abstract: Bhimafigureis represented in a number of reliefs at the complex of Candi Sukuh. It isfound I the Bhimaswarga episodes depicted on the wall of Kyai Sukuh temple, a small temple in front of the ma temple of Sukuh. A fragment of the same story is also depicted in a Kala-mrga arch. A fragment of the Sudamala illustrating Bhima s attacks on a demon, is depicted on a slab of stone, and another unidentifi reliefs of Bhima scattered in the courtyard of Sukuh. From the comparative study of the artefactual data with the textual data, I presume that Bhima was worshipped as a mediator between god Siwa and men who wanted to get theirfinalrelease (moksa). Bhima s role as the saviour of men is found in the story ofBhimaswarga. In thefinalepisode of Bhimaswarga-reliefs, Bhima is given a bottle of amrta by Siwa. Keywords: Werkodara, Amrta, Kalamrga, Ultimate Truth, Sang Hyang Tun
LINGKUNGAN GEOLOGI SITUS HUNIAN GUA GEDE DI PULAU NUSA PENIDA, KABUPATEN KLUNGKUNG PROVINSI BALI Dariusman Abdillah
AMERTA Vol. 29 No. 2 (2011)
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Abstrak. Gua Gede adalah salah satu gua karst di lereng perbukitan Banjar Pendem, Nusa Penida dengan lingkungan yang memungkinkan sebagai tempat hunian. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Balai Arkeologi Denpasar di gua ini ditemukan sisa-sisa pemukiman dari masa prasejarah berupa alat-alat dari tulang, alat batu, tembikar, dan sisa-sisa makanan dari moluska. Manusia dapat bertahan hidup di lingkungan karst pada masa prasejarah di daerah ini, didukung oleh kondisi gua yang memenuhi syarat sebagai tempat hunian dengan ketersediaan sumberdaya alam. Kedua faktor ini terpenuhi di Gua Gede sehingga menjadikannya sebagai tempat hunian di zaman prasejarah. Seperti apa kondisi Gua Gede dan sumberdaya lingkungan apa saja yang mendukung kehidupan manusia prasejarah didalamnya, menjadi pokok bahasan dalam tulisan ini Kata Kunci: Gua Gede, lingkungan, karst, hunian, sumberdaya Abstract The Geological Environment Of The Habitation Site Of Gede Cave In Nusa Penida Island, Klungkung Regency, Bali Province. Gede Cave is one of the karst caves in the slopes of the hills of Banjar Pendem, Nusa Penida, Bali, with an environment that is suitable for a shelter. From results of research conducted by the Archaeological Research Office of Denpasar (Balai Arkeologi Denpasar), we learn that in the cave were discovered remains ofprehistoric settlements in forms of bone tools, stone tools, pottery, debris from mollusks (probably remains of food). Humans can survive in karst environment in this area during the prehistoric period because such area is supported by caves that are suitable for shelter, as well as the availability of natural resources. Both factors can befound at Gede Cave. Therefore it was used as a shelter in prehistoric period. What was the condition of Gede Cave and what were the environmental resources that support the life of prehistoric human community are the subject of this paper. Keywords: Gede Cave, environment, karst, shelter, resources.
PERIODESASI CANDI SIMANGAMBAT: Tinjauan Terhadap Beberapa temuan ragam hias Candi Sukawati Susetyo
AMERTA Vol. 29 No. 2 (2011)
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Abstrak. Candi Simangambat merupakan suatu candi yang terletak di bagian Selatan Provinsi Sumatera Utara yang kondisinya sudah runtuh. Beberapa artefak yang ditemukan baik dari hasil penggalian maupun yang sudah berada di permukaan tanah yaitu batu-batu berbentuk kala; makara; batu berelief guirlande, gapa, pilar dan motif kertas tempel; menunjukkan kemiripan dengan artefak dari candi-candi zaman Mataram Kuna. Berdasarkan hal itu maka diduga bahwa Candi Simangambat dibangun sezaman dengan candi-candi dari jaman Mataram Kuna. Kata kunci: Periodisasi Candi Simangambat, Ragam Hias Candi Abstract. Periodization of Simangambat Temple: A Review on Some Temple Ornaments. Simangambat Temple is the ruin of a temple which is located in the southern part of North Sumatra Province. Some artefacts found during ground surveys and excavations vary from kala-shaped stones, makara, guirlande reliefs, garia, pillars, and 'kertas tempel' motifs. These findings show similarities to the artefacts found in the temples from Old Mataram era; hence it can be concluded that Simangambat Temple might have been built in the same period as the temples of Old Mataram era. Keywords: Periodization of Simangambat Temple, temple ornamental
KONSEP OPEN AIR MUSEUM: Alternatif Model Pelestarian Situs Arkeologi di Indonesia Atina Winaya
AMERTA Vol. 29 No. 2 (2011)
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Abstrak. Open air museum adalah jenis museum yang memamerkan koleksinya di ruang terbuka. Dalam perkembangannya, open air museum tidak hanya memamerkan koleksinya secara outdoor, melainkan merupakan salah satu media dalam upaya pelestarian situs arkeologi. Konsep tersebut sudah banyak dikembangkan di negara-negara maju. Melalui konsep open air museum, suatu situs arkeologi berubah menjadi hidup kembali. Lansekap dan bangunan Cagar Budaya direkonstruksi sesuai dengan kondisinya di masa lalu. Selain tinggalan budaya tangible, tinggalan budaya intangible juga direkonstruksi kembali. Dengan demikian, masyarakat masa kini dapat memperoleh pengetahuan dan pengalaman mengenai suasana situs beserta kehidupannya di masa lampau. Konsep open air museum masih dapat dikatakan asing di Indonesia. Padahal jika dikaji lebih lanjut, konsep tersebut dapat dijadikan salah satu solusi dalam upaya pelestarian dan pemanfaatan situs secara optimal. Potensi-potensi yang terkandung di dalam situs, baik fisik maupun nilai, digali dan dikembangkan semaksimal mungkin, sehingga dapat memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat. Dengan demikian, makna yang terkandung di dalam situs dapat dipahami oleh masyarakat masa kini dan masa yang akan datang sehingga menumbuhkan kesadaran akan identitas dan jati diri bangsa, serta meningkatkan rasa cinta tanah air. Kata Kunci: open air museum, pelestarian situs, situs arkeologi. Abstract. Open air museum is a kind of museum that exhibits its collections in an open space. In its development, it not only displays the collections outdoor, but also an attempt to preserve archaeological sites. The concept is already developed in advanced countries. Through this concept, an archaeological site was transformed into "life " again. Landscape and heritage buildings were reconstructed in accordance with the conditions in thepast. Beside the tangible remains, the intangible remains were also reconstructed. Recently, people can obtain knowledge and experience about the atmosphere of the past. In Indonesia, the concept is rather new. The concept can be used as one of the solutions in order to optimally preserve archaeological sites. Significant values, both physical and non-physical, are well-developed to benefit the community. Thus, the meaning of the archaeological sites can be understood by today andfuture society, so it would grow the awareness of national identity and increase the patriotism. Keywords: open air museum, preservation of sites, archaeological sites.
Appendix Amerta Volume 29, No 2, Tahun 2011 Atina Winaya
AMERTA Vol. 29 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

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Cover Amerta Volume 29, No 2, Tahun 2011 Redaksi Arkenas
AMERTA Vol. 29 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

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Preface Amerta Volume 29, No 2, Tahun 2011 Redaksi Arkenas
AMERTA Vol. 29 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

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