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Amerta
Published by BRIN Publishing
ISSN : 02151324     EISSN : 25498908     DOI : https://doi.org/10.55981/amt
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Art, Social,
Religion Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences
Starting at Volume 40 Number 2 December 2022, AMERTA’s objective is to promote the wide dissemination of the results of systematic scholarly inquiries into the broad field of archaeological research in proto-history and history chronology themes in the Indonesian Archipelago. The primary, but not exclusive, audiences are researchers, academicians, graduate students, practitioners, and others interested in archaeological research. AMERTA accepts original articles on historical archaeology-related subjects and any research methodology that meets the standards established for publication in the journal. Papers published in the journal may cover a wide range of topics in historical archaeology, including, but not limited to: 1. Field of archaeological findings in Indonesia’s Proto History, Hindu-Buddhist, Islam, and Colonial periods; 2. New theoretical and methodological analyses; 3. Synthetic overviews of topics in the field of historical archaeology.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Arkeologi
Articles 18 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 31 No. 2 (2013)" : 18 Documents clear
MUATAN INTAN SHIPWRECK ABAD KE-10: VARIABILITAS DAN KRONOLOGI Naniek Harkantiningsih
AMERTA Vol. 31 No. 2 (2013)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

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Abstrak. Dalam dua dasawarsa ini, banyak penemuan kapal karam dengan berbagai jenis muatannyadi perairan Nusantara. Sebagian besar peninggalan kapal karam tersebut ditemukan di perairanNusantara bagian barat (perairan Sumatra-Jawa). Ini suatu kenyataan, bahwa perairan laut Nusantaramemiliki tinggalan kapal karam yang sangat banyak. Salah satu kapal karam yang ditemukan, ialahIntan Shipwreck. Artikel ini akan membahas variabilitas dan kronologi muatan kapal karam yangtelah dieksplorasi pada tahun 1997. Kemudian hasil identifikasi muatan kapal itu, dibandingkandengan tinggalan arkeologi yang ditemukan dari hasil penelitian di situs-situs arkeologi. Sebagianbesar muatan kapal karam ini, dapat dipastikan sebagai barang komoditi yang akan didistribusikan kenegara konsumen. Pola persebaran dan persamaan muatan kapal karam di situs arkeologi memperkuatadanya jaringan pelayaran dan perniagaan, baik jarak jauh maupun jarak dekat, dalam konteksjamannya. Kata kunci: Keramik, Kapal Karam, Muatan, Pelayaran, Perniagaan. Abstract. Intan Shipwreck Cargo from 10th Century CE: Variability and Chronology. In the past two decades, many shipwreck have been discover with various types of cargo in the Archipelago waters. Most shipwreck relics were found in the western part of the Archipelago waters (SumatraJava). It is a fact, that the Archipelago waters have very much shipwreck remains. One of the shipwreck found, is Intan Shipwreck. This article will discuss the variability and chronology of Intan is cargo, that was explored in 1997. Then the identification of the shipwreck cargo, compared with the archaeological remains discovered from the research. Most of the shipwreck cargo, it can be confirmed as a commodity item that will be distributed to the consumer. The patternof distribution and equation shipwreck cargo at archaeological sites, strengthen the networking of shipping and commerce, both long distance and short distance, in the context of its time. Hence, through this discussion, it makes it possible to view the archipelago in the past in a broader perspective, such as in the form of networking.Keywords: Ceramics, Shipwreck, Cargo, Shipping, Commerce.
Cover Amerta Volume 31, Nomor 2 Tahun 2013 Redaksi Amerta
AMERTA Vol. 31 No. 2 (2013)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

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Preface Amerta Volume 31, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013 Redaksi Amerta
AMERTA Vol. 31 No. 2 (2013)
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SITUS KAPAL KARAM GELASA DI SELAT GASPAR, PULAU BANGKA, INDONESIA Harry Octavianus Sofian
AMERTA Vol. 31 No. 2 (2013)
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Abstrak. Wilayah perairan Nusantara merupakan budaya, ekonomi dan politik sejak beratus tahunyang lalu. Perairan Nusantara berfungsi menjadi penghubung interaksi berbagai etnis, pedagang danmenyebarkan pengaruh satu sama lain. Interaksi itu mewariskan tinggalan-tinggalan arkeologi bawahair yang tersebar di perairan Nusantara. Pembahasan ini akan menginformasikan hasil penelitianuntuk melihat tinggalan arkeologi bawah air, yaitu kapal karam di perairan Selat Gaspar. Penelitianini menghasilkan bukti-bukti tinggalan arkeologi bawah air berupa kapal karam yang menggunakanbahan kayu dan tembaga, keramik, botol-botol, tulang, meriam, batu pemberat kapal (ballast) pasak,dan beberapa artefak yang belum dapat diidentifikasi. Kata kunci: Arkeologi Bawah Air, Situs Kapal Karam Gelasa, Selat Gaspar, Bangka. Abstract. Gelasa Shipwreck Site at Gasper, Bangka Island, Indonesia. The territorial waters of thearchipelago is a cultural, economic and political since hundreds of years ago. Archipelago watersserve as an interaction of various ethnic, traders and spread the influence of each other. Interactionpass remains underwater archaeological remains scattered in various waters of the Archipelago. This discussion will inform the research to look underwater archaeological remains of the shipwreck in the waters of the Straits of Gaspar. This study produced evidence of archaeological remains of a ship using wood and copper, ceramics, bottles, bones, cannon, ship ballast, pegs and some artifacts that cannot be identified.Keywords: Underwater Archeology, Gelasa Shipwreck Site, Gaspar Strait, Bangka.
KERUSAKAN SITUS ARKEOLOGI DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN: DAMPAK NEGATIF AKIBAT KEGIATAN MASYARAKAT DAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH Sunarningsih
AMERTA Vol. 31 No. 2 (2013)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

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Abstrak. Seperti halnya di daerah lain di Indonesia, jumlah situs-situs arkeologi di wilayah KalimantanSelatan terbilang cukup banyak. Ada dua jenis situs di wilayah Kalimantan Selatan ini, yaitu situstertutup dan situs terbuka. Kedua jenis situs tersebut sudah ada yang diteliti secara intensif ada juga yangbelum, dan sebagian sudah ditetapkan menjadi Benda Cagar Budaya (BCB). Fenomena yang terjadipada saat ini adalah masih terjadi aktivitas yang merusak wilayah situs baik yang sudah dilindungimaupun yang belum. Kegiatan tersebut dilakukan baik oleh masyarakat umum di lingkungan situsmaupun atas kebijakan pemerintah daerah setempat. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk melihat kembalikerusakan situs-situs arkeologi di wilayah Kalimantan Selatan akibat dampak negatif dari aktivitasmasyarakat, dan berusaha mendapatkan strategi untuk mengurangi kegiatan yang merugikan. Metodeyang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan induktif. Data dikumpulkan dari hasil studipustaka, yaitu dari laporan yang tersimpan di perpustakaan Balai Arkeologi Banjarmasin, dan darihasil pengamatan penulis saat melakukan penelitian arkeologi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis darimasing-masing kasus, dapat diketahui bahwa kebutuhan ekonomi masyarakat dan pembangunanoleh pemerintah daerah yang banyak mendorong terjadinya kerusakan situs. Aktivitas yang merusakdilakukan karena masih rendahnya pemahaman akan pentingnya sebuah situs purbakala dan masihlemahnya penerapan sangsi terhadap pelanggaran Undang-undang Cagar Budaya.Kata kunci: Situs terbuka, Situs tertutup, Kalimantan Selatan, Benda Cagar Budaya, Undang-undangCagar Budaya. Abstract. The Damage of Archaeological Sites in South Kalimantan: The Negative Impact dueto Community and Local Government Activities. As in other areas in Indonesia, the number ofarchaeological sites in South Kalimantan region are quite a lot. There are two types of sites inSouth Kalimantan region, closed site and open site. Both types have already been investigatedintensively and others only were surveyed with the aim to determine its potential. Some open siteshave already designated as protected areas (as cultural property) and some others have not. Theoccurrence phenomenon is that looting of sites occur either at protected sites or not protected sites.These activities are carried out not only by the general public at surrounding the site but also by thediscretion of local government. This paper aims to review the damage to archaeological sites in SouthKalimantan due to the negative impact of human activity, and tries to work on strategies which willreduce the impacts. The research method used is descriptive with inductive approach. Data have beencollected from the literature, from the report stored in the library of the Archaeological Institute ofBanjarmasin, and from observations of the author while doing archaeological research. Based onthe analysis of each case, it can be seen that the economic needs of society and development by localgovernments encouraging some damages of the sites. The activities were done because there is stilllack of understanding how important the archaeological sites, and the weak application of sanctionsfor The Heritage Act.Keywords: Open sites, Closed sites, South Kalimantan, The Cultural Heritage, The Heritage Act.
PERMUKIMAN KUNA DI KAWASAN WAY SEKAMPUNG, LAMPUNG, PADA MASA ŚRIWIJAYA Nanang Saptomo
AMERTA Vol. 31 No. 2 (2013)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

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Abstrak. Lampung pernah menjadi bagian dari wilayah kekuasaan Śriwijaya. Hal ini ditandaioleh temuan Prasasti Palas Pasemah, Bungkuk, dan Batu Bedil yang merupakan prasasti dari masaŚriwijaya. Prasasti, terutama prasasti peringatan, pasti ditempatkan di areal permukiman. Selainlokasi prasasti, kawasan permukiman dapat dilacak melalui tinggalan arkeologis. Melalui pendekatanarkeologi keruangan dapat diperoleh gambaran tentang pola permukiman di sepanjang aliran WaySekampung. Pada dasarnya kawasan di sepanjang sungai dapat dibedakan menjadi kawasan hulu danhilir. Kawasan hulu cenderung merupakan kawasan masyarakat penganut Hindu, sedangkan di hilirmerupakan masyarakat penganut Buddha. Pada kedua permukiman kelompok masyarakat tersebutjuga terdapat jejak religi budaya megalitik.Kata kunci: Prasasti, Permukiman, Arca, Kawasan Hulu, Kawasan Hilir, Hindu, Buddha, Religi, Way Sekampung. Abstract. Old Settlement in Way Sekampung Area, Lampung, during The Śrivijaya Period. Lampung had a Śrivijaya Empire. The inscriptions of Palas Pasemah, Bungkuk, and Batu Bedil arean inscriptions of the Śrivijaya Kingdoms. Inscriptions, especially inscriptions warning, definitelyplaced at the residential location. In addition to the location of the inscription, the settlement canbe traced through the distribution of archaeological remains which have the same background withthe inscription. Through spatial archaeological approaches settlement and community life along theWay Sekampung can be determined. Along the river there are two regions upstream and downstreamareas. Upstream region end to be the Hindu community while downstream is a Buddhist society. Bothgroups are still running religious megalithic culture.Keywords: Inscriptions, Settlements, Statues, the upstream, Downstream, Hindu, Buddhist, Religions,Sekampung River.
THE VEDIC RELIGION IN NUSANTARA Hariani Santiko
AMERTA Vol. 31 No. 2 (2013)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

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Abstrak. Agama Weda di Nusantara. Pedagang-pedagang yang berlayar dari India dan AsiaTenggara berperanan penting dalam menyebarkan agama-agama India di Nusantara. Para brahmindiundang oleh penguasa-penguasa lokal untuk melegitimasi status baru mereka dan melaksanakanupacara-upacara bagi mereka. Misalnya, menurut sejumlah prasasti yūpa dari abad ke-4 Masehi, Raja Mūlavarman dari Kutai, Muarakaman, Kalimantan Timur, melakukan pekerjaan-pekerjaan mulia(punya-), dengan memberi sumbangan pada persembahan kurban (yajña) yang dilakukan di suatupunyatama. ksetra yang dikenal dengan nama Vaprakeśvara. Yajñas- yajña dilaksanakan oleh paravipra (semacam brahmin) yang datang ke Kalimantan dari berbagai tempat. Dengan membandingkandata arkeologis dan sumber-sumber tertulis, misalnya prasasti-prasasti berbahasa Sansekerta, kita dapatmenyimpulkan bahwa agama Veda merupakan agama India pertama yang dianut oleh para penguasadi Nusantara. Setidaknya tiga raja telah mengundang para brahmin telah untuk melakukan yajña-yajña, misalnya Raja Mūlavarman (dari abad ke-4 Masehi), Raja Pūrnavarman dari Tārumanagara(pada abad ke-5 Masehi), dan Raja Gajayana dari Kanjuruhan, Jawa Timur (pada abad ke-7 Masehi).Raja yang disebutkan terakhir bahkan menganut Sivaisme (Hindu-Saiva), namun ia mengundangpendeta-pendeta Veda untuk melakukan yajña Veda. Ritual-ritual Veda mungkin dilakukan pula di Kota Kapur, Bangka. Tinggalan berupa altar-altar Veda, fragmen arca Visnu, dan temuan-temuan lainditemukan di situs tersebut. Kata kunci: Kampong Keling, Vedi, Vaprakeśvara, Barhis, Vipra, Gŗhyayajña, Śrautayajña, Yūpa. Abstract. The seafaring traders from India as well as from Southeast Asia had an important rolein spreading the Indian religions to Nusantara. The brahmins were invited by the local rulers tolegitimize their new status and doing rituals for them. For instance, according to the yūpa-inscriptionsfrom the 4th century AD, King Mūlavarman from Kutei, Muarakaman, East-Kalimantan was doingmeritorious works (punya-), by giving donations in the sacrificial offerings (the yajñas) performedat a punyatama. ksetra known as Vaprakeśvara. These yajñas were done by the vipras (a kind ofbrahmins) who came to Kalimantan from many places. By comparing the archaeological data withthe written sources, i.e. the Sanskrit inscriptions, we are able to formulate that the Vedic religionwas the earliest Indian religion embraced by the rulers in Nusantara. At least 3 kings had invited thebrahmins to do the Vedic–yajñas, i.e. king Mūlavarman (from the 4th century), king Pūrnavarmanfrom Tārumanagara (in the 5th century), and King Gajayana from Kanjuruhan, East Java (in the 7thcentury). The last mentioned king, actually converted to Sivaism (the Hindu-Saiva), but he invited theVedic priests to do the Vedic yajña. The Vedic rituals probably were also done in Kota Kapur, Bangka.The remains of the Vedic altars, fragments of Visnu statue and other finds were found at that site.Keywords: Kampong Keling, Vedi, Vaprakeśvara, Barhis, Vipra, Gŗhyayajña, Śrautayajña, Yūpa.
Appendix Amerta Volume 31, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013 Redaksi Amerta
AMERTA Vol. 31 No. 2 (2013)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

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Back Cover Amerta Volume 31, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013 Redaksi Amerta
AMERTA Vol. 31 No. 2 (2013)
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MUATAN INTAN SHIPWRECK ABAD KE-10: VARIABILITAS DAN KRONOLOGI Harkantiningsih, Naniek
AMERTA Vol. 31 No. 2 (2013)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

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Abstract

Abstrak. Dalam dua dasawarsa ini, banyak penemuan kapal karam dengan berbagai jenis muatannyadi perairan Nusantara. Sebagian besar peninggalan kapal karam tersebut ditemukan di perairanNusantara bagian barat (perairan Sumatra-Jawa). Ini suatu kenyataan, bahwa perairan laut Nusantaramemiliki tinggalan kapal karam yang sangat banyak. Salah satu kapal karam yang ditemukan, ialahIntan Shipwreck. Artikel ini akan membahas variabilitas dan kronologi muatan kapal karam yangtelah dieksplorasi pada tahun 1997. Kemudian hasil identifikasi muatan kapal itu, dibandingkandengan tinggalan arkeologi yang ditemukan dari hasil penelitian di situs-situs arkeologi. Sebagianbesar muatan kapal karam ini, dapat dipastikan sebagai barang komoditi yang akan didistribusikan kenegara konsumen. Pola persebaran dan persamaan muatan kapal karam di situs arkeologi memperkuatadanya jaringan pelayaran dan perniagaan, baik jarak jauh maupun jarak dekat, dalam konteksjamannya. Kata kunci: Keramik, Kapal Karam, Muatan, Pelayaran, Perniagaan. Abstract. Intan Shipwreck Cargo from 10th Century CE: Variability and Chronology. In the past two decades, many shipwreck have been discover with various types of cargo in the Archipelago waters. Most shipwreck relics were found in the western part of the Archipelago waters (SumatraJava). It is a fact, that the Archipelago waters have very much shipwreck remains. One of the shipwreck found, is Intan Shipwreck. This article will discuss the variability and chronology of Intan is cargo, that was explored in 1997. Then the identification of the shipwreck cargo, compared with the archaeological remains discovered from the research. Most of the shipwreck cargo, it can be confirmed as a commodity item that will be distributed to the consumer. The patternof distribution and equation shipwreck cargo at archaeological sites, strengthen the networking of shipping and commerce, both long distance and short distance, in the context of its time. Hence, through this discussion, it makes it possible to view the archipelago in the past in a broader perspective, such as in the form of networking.Keywords: Ceramics, Shipwreck, Cargo, Shipping, Commerce.

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