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Naniek Harkantiningsih, Naniek
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Pengaruh Kolonial di Nusantara. Harkantiningsih, Naniek
KALPATARU Vol 23, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1273.865 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/kpt.v23i1.51

Abstract

Nusantara merupakan sumber rempah-rempah dan hasil alam lainnya, pada masanya komoditi tersebut sangat dicari oleh bangsa Asia dan Eropa. Sekitar abad ke-16 M. perairan Nusantara mulai dijelajahi kapal-kapal dagang Eropa, kekuatan pelayaran dan perdagangan Eropa ini mendominasi perairan Asia Tenggara termasuk Nusantara hingga pertengahan abad ke- 20 M., ditandai dengan kedatangan koloni Jepang. Dari sinilah dimulainya peranan koloni asing di Nusantara. Ekspedisi, aktivitas komersial, dan politik yang mereka lakukan dapat ditelusuri melalui catatan sejarah dan bukti arkeologi, yang banyak dan tersebar di Nusantara. Dalam tulisan ini, secara khusus akan membahas jejak peninggalan kolonial di beberapa tempat di Nusantara. Tahapan eksplorasi dan deskriptif dalam pengumpulan dan pengolahan data, kemudian melihat pola persebarannya dan membandingkan karakter serta kronologi bukti-bukti arkeologi kolonial yang ditemukan. Keberadaan sumber rempah-rempah, di Nusantara, dapat dikaitkan bukan hanya sebagai bukti adanya jaringan perdagangan antara negara produsen dan konsumen, tetapi juga sebagai bukti keberadaan komunitas asing di wilayah Nusantara. Rentang waktu sejarah koloni asing di Nusantara lebih dari tiga abad. Dalam periode dimana peran dan orientasi kegiatan mereka, dapat diketahui secara jelas berdasarkan obyek kajian, karakter, pola persebaran, fungsi dan kronologi keberadaan koloni asing di Nusantara. Abstract. Colonial Influence in Nusantara. Archipelago is a source of spices and other natural products, in this time the commodity highly sought by Asian and European nations. In the 16th Century of the archipelago waters began explored European merchant ships, the strength of Europe’s shipping and trade dominate Southeast Asian waters, including the archipelago until the mid 20th Century, was marked by the arrival of the Japanese colony. This is where the role of the commencement of the foreign colony in the archipelago. Expedition, commercial activity, and they do politics can be traced through historical records and archaeological evidence, so many and scattered in the archipelago. In this paper, will specifically address the colonial traces in several places in the archipelago. Exploratory and descriptive stages in the collection and processing of data, then look at the pattern of spreading and compare the character and chronology of colonial archaeological evidence found. The existence of the source of the spice, in the archipelago, can be attributed not only as evidence of trade links between producer and consumer, but also as evidence of the existence of the foreign community in the archipelago. Span of the history of the foreign colony in the archipelago long enough for more than three centuries. In periods in which the role and orientation of their activities, can be seen clearly based on the object of study, character, pattern of distribution, function and chronology of the existence of the foreign colony in the archipelago.
KOTA RENTANG, SUMATRA UTARA: JALUR PERDAGANGAN PANTAI TIMUR SUMATRA Harkantiningsih, Naniek; Wibisono, Sonny C.
AMERTA Vol. 30 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

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Abstract

Abstrak. Kota Rentang adalah sebuah situs baru yang ditemukan di kawasan Muara Belawan, Medan pada tahun 2008. Dalam artikel ini akan dipresentasikan bukti-bukti arkeologi yang ditemukan melalui kegiatan ekskavasi. Dalam konteks kawasan Muara Belawan penemuan situs Kota Rentang ini menjadi penting artinya, karena di kawasan ini pula pernah ditemukan situs yang cukup dikenal yaitu Kota Cina. Sebuah situs permukiman di daerah rawa pantai yang mengandung temuan keramik dari masa Song-Yuan, dan situs lain Paya pasir tempat ditemukan bangkai kapal kuno. Analisis keramik menjadi kunci penting menelusuri situs-situs perdagangan di Muara Belawan, kapan Kota Rentang mulai berperan dalam jaringan perdagangan. Studi ini juga dilakukan perbandingkan variabilitas dan kronologi keramik antara Situs Kota Rentang dan Situs Kota Cina yang terletak dalam satu sistem jaringan sungai pesisir-pedalaman. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang pertumbuhan pusat-pusat kota pantai yang berperan dalam jaringan perdagangan regional abad 12 – 16 di pantai timur Sumatra bagian utara khsusunya di kawasan Muara Belawan. Kata kunci: Kota Rentang, perdagangan, keramik Abstract. Kota Rentang, North Sumatra: Trade Route on the East Coast of Sumatra. KotaRentang is a new site, which was discovered in Muara/Belawan (Belawan Estuary) area, Medan,in 2008. In this article will be presented archaeological evidences found during excavations. In thecontext of Muara Belawan area, the discovery of this site is important because in this area there isalso a quite famous site, which is Kota Cina, a habitation site that contains Song-Yuan ceramics, andPaya Pasir, where there is an old shipwreck. Ceramics analysis is the important device in retracingtrade sites in Muara Belawan and finding out when Kota Rentang was first involve in trade network.In this study comparisons are also made between the variability and chronology of ceramics from thesites of Kota Rentang, which are located in a network of coastal-interior river system. It is hoped thatresults of this study will provide better understanding about the emergence of centers of coastal cities,which were involved in regional trade network during 12th – 16th centuries AD along the east coastof the northern part of Sumatra, particularly Muara Belawan area. Keywords: Kota Rentang, trade, ceramics
MUATAN INTAN SHIPWRECK ABAD KE-10: VARIABILITAS DAN KRONOLOGI Harkantiningsih, Naniek
AMERTA Vol. 31 No. 2 (2013)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

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Abstract

Abstrak. Dalam dua dasawarsa ini, banyak penemuan kapal karam dengan berbagai jenis muatannyadi perairan Nusantara. Sebagian besar peninggalan kapal karam tersebut ditemukan di perairanNusantara bagian barat (perairan Sumatra-Jawa). Ini suatu kenyataan, bahwa perairan laut Nusantaramemiliki tinggalan kapal karam yang sangat banyak. Salah satu kapal karam yang ditemukan, ialahIntan Shipwreck. Artikel ini akan membahas variabilitas dan kronologi muatan kapal karam yangtelah dieksplorasi pada tahun 1997. Kemudian hasil identifikasi muatan kapal itu, dibandingkandengan tinggalan arkeologi yang ditemukan dari hasil penelitian di situs-situs arkeologi. Sebagianbesar muatan kapal karam ini, dapat dipastikan sebagai barang komoditi yang akan didistribusikan kenegara konsumen. Pola persebaran dan persamaan muatan kapal karam di situs arkeologi memperkuatadanya jaringan pelayaran dan perniagaan, baik jarak jauh maupun jarak dekat, dalam konteksjamannya. Kata kunci: Keramik, Kapal Karam, Muatan, Pelayaran, Perniagaan. Abstract. Intan Shipwreck Cargo from 10th Century CE: Variability and Chronology. In the past two decades, many shipwreck have been discover with various types of cargo in the Archipelago waters. Most shipwreck relics were found in the western part of the Archipelago waters (SumatraJava). It is a fact, that the Archipelago waters have very much shipwreck remains. One of the shipwreck found, is Intan Shipwreck. This article will discuss the variability and chronology of Intan is cargo, that was explored in 1997. Then the identification of the shipwreck cargo, compared with the archaeological remains discovered from the research. Most of the shipwreck cargo, it can be confirmed as a commodity item that will be distributed to the consumer. The patternof distribution and equation shipwreck cargo at archaeological sites, strengthen the networking of shipping and commerce, both long distance and short distance, in the context of its time. Hence, through this discussion, it makes it possible to view the archipelago in the past in a broader perspective, such as in the form of networking.Keywords: Ceramics, Shipwreck, Cargo, Shipping, Commerce.