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Amerta
Published by BRIN Publishing
ISSN : 02151324     EISSN : 25498908     DOI : https://doi.org/10.55981/amt
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Art, Social,
Religion Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences
Starting at Volume 40 Number 2 December 2022, AMERTA’s objective is to promote the wide dissemination of the results of systematic scholarly inquiries into the broad field of archaeological research in proto-history and history chronology themes in the Indonesian Archipelago. The primary, but not exclusive, audiences are researchers, academicians, graduate students, practitioners, and others interested in archaeological research. AMERTA accepts original articles on historical archaeology-related subjects and any research methodology that meets the standards established for publication in the journal. Papers published in the journal may cover a wide range of topics in historical archaeology, including, but not limited to: 1. Field of archaeological findings in Indonesia’s Proto History, Hindu-Buddhist, Islam, and Colonial periods; 2. New theoretical and methodological analyses; 3. Synthetic overviews of topics in the field of historical archaeology.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Arkeologi
Articles 16 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022)" : 16 Documents clear
INTERPRETASI AWAL SITUS SRIGADING LAWANG, MALANG Rakai Hino Galeswangi; Wicaksono Dwi Nugroho; Deny Yudo Wahyudi
AMERTA Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2022.40

Abstract

Abstract. The Initial Interpretation: Srigading Site Lawang-Malang. This study aims to reconstruct the location and function of the Srigading Site and its relation to the text of the Mpu Siṇḍok inscription in the X century, which was found around Singosari. The object of study in this research is the Srigading Site located in Manggis of Srigading Village, Lawang District, Malang Regency, East Java. How is the identification of the Srigading Site viewed from structural, artifactual, and the Mpu Siṇḍok inscription? The research method used is descriptive. The research data were analyzed using archaeological analysis, covering morphology, technology, style, and contextuality. The results of the study stated that the structural and artefactual of the Srigading Site is the building of X century of the Hindu Siwaistis. Based on the Mpu Siṇḍok inscription, Srigading Site is the sacred building led by Watak Hujung that is possed by Rakryan Hujung Pu Maduralokadurañjana, located in Himad Village (known as Srigading Village). The Srigading Site is also predicted to correlate with the sacred building of ‘sanghyang prasada/sanghyang sala i himad’ as mentioned in the Gulung-Gulung and Jeru-Jeru inscriptions, as the Bhaṭara Sala I Himad’s place of worship. Keywords: Srigading Site, Watak Hujung, Himad Village   Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi Situs Srigading dan fungsinya, serta kaitannya terhadap teks prasasti-prasasti masa Mpu Siṇḍok di abad X yang ditemukan di sekitar Singosari. Objek kajian dalam penelitian ini adalah Situs Srigading yang berlokasi di Dusun Manggis, Desa Srigading, Kecamatan Lawang, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Masalah yang diajukan adalah bagaimana identifikasi Situs Srigading ditinjau dari temuan struktural, artefaktual, serta prasasti-prasasti pada masa Mpu Siṇḍok. Metode penelitian yang digunakan bersifat deskriptif. Adapun data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis arkeologi, meliputi morfologi, teknologi, gaya, hingga kontekstual. Hasil penelitian menyatakan berdasar temuan struktural dan artefaktual, Situs Srigading merupakan situs bangunan candi dari bata yang berasal dari sekitar abad X yang bersifat Hindu Siwaistis. Ditinjau dari prasasti masa Mpu Siṇḍok, Situs Srigading merupakan bangunan suci yang berada dalam wilayah Watak Hujung yang dikuasai oleh Rakryan Hujung Pu Maduralokadurañjana berlokasi di Desa Himad yang sekarang dikenal kembali sebagai Desa Srigading. Situs tersebut diduga berhubungan dengan bangunan suci ‘sanghyang prasada/sanghyang sala i himad’ yang disebutkan di dalam prasasti Gulung-Gulung dan prasasti JeruJeru, sebagai tempat pemujaan bagi Bhaṭara Sala I Himad. Kata kunci: Situs Srigading, Watak Hujung, Desa Himad
MENGGALI MAKNA IKONOGRAFIS PADA ARCA BERSIFAT TANTRIS DI PURA KEBO EDAN, KABUPATEN GIANYAR, BALI Kadek Dedy Prawirajaya Rajeg; Heri Purwanto; Coleta Palupi Tirtasari
AMERTA Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2022.41

Abstract

Abstract. Exploring the Iconographic Meanings of Tantric Structures at Kebo Edan Temple, Gianyar Regency, Bali Province. In general studies of statues have been carried out by many experts, but statues related to the Tantrayana teaching have not received enough attention. In this case, the statues in Kebo Edan Temple, Gianyar Regency, Bali Province show that their forms depict the influence of Tantrayana. This research explores the statue forms and analyzes their meaning. The data were collected through observation, documentation, and literature study, and the collected data were analyzed using an iconographic study (morphological and technological analyses). The study results show that the statue forms and their manufacture are motivated by the tantric school within the scope of Shiva, especially at the level of the nirvṛtti marga. The statues are in various forms: a scary shape, dancing attitude, standing on a corpse, showing genitals (penis), snake decoration, masked face, skull decoration, and sword. Furthermore, these statue forms contain profound meanings. It can be said that the meaning of these statue forms symbolizes a relation to God, including the attainment of salvation (moksha), holiness, penance, wisdom, creation, and maintenance. Keywords: Statues, Tantrayana, Iconographic Meaning   Abstrak. Kajian arca secara umum telah banyak dilakukan oleh para ahli, namun arca-arca yang berkaitan dengan aliran Tantrayana belum cukup mendapat perhatian. Dalam hal ini, arca-arca yang berada di Pura Kebo Edan, Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali nampak menunjukkan bahwa wujudnya menggambarkan aliran Tantrayana. Penelitian ini menelusuri bentuk-bentuk arca dan menganalisis makna yang terkandung di dalamnya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan kajian ikonografi (analisis morfologi dan teknologi). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk-bentuk arca dan pembuatannya dilatarbelakangi oleh aliran Tantra dalam ruang lingkup Siwa, khususnya pada tataran nirvṛtti marga. Arca tersebut berupa wujud yang menyeramkan, sikap menari, berdiri di atas mayat, menonjolkan alat kelamin (penis), hiasan ular, wajah bertopeng, hiasan tengkorak, dan pedang. Wujud arca ini ternyata mengandung makna yang amat dalam. Dapat dikatakan bahwa makna dari wujud arca tersebut menyimbolkan sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan Tuhan, di antaranya pencapaian moksa, kesucian, penebusan dosa, kebijaksanaan, penciptaan, dan pemeliharaan. Kata kunci: Arca, Tantrayana, Makna Ikonografis
RELIEF DAN STRUKTUR STUPA CANDI BOROBUDUR DITINJAU SECARA ARKEOASTRONOMI Kharisma Nabila; Pratama Dharma Surya; Mahbubi Satria Agusti Wirawan; Resty Khairul Nisa; Djaliati Sri Nugrahani
AMERTA Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2022.42

Abstract

Relationship between components of the Borobudur Temple and relative position of the stars in the universe. Archeoastronomy is a multidisciplinary study of the understanding of astronomical objects in the sky based on cultural relics. This article aims to understand the relationship between Borobudur Temple and archeoastronomy aspects. This study uses an archeoastronomical approach by calculating astronomical data related to star clusters and constellations. Research methods are carried out offline and online through literature studies, observations, and data analysis. The results of this study show that the reliefs of Borobudur Temple based on the Sudhana story on the Gandavyuha reliefs have a relationship with the relative position of the stars in the universe. This is shown through the depiction of seven small spheres interpreted as the pleiades star cluster. Another component relationship, is therelationship between the 72 stupas of Borobudur Temple and the solstice and the use of the Pleiades star cluster by the ancient people of Borobudur as a marker of the seasonal system.
TRANSFORMASI SENI GORES TATO: KAJIAN SEMIOTIK DAN MAKNANYA Bambang Sulistyanto
AMERTA Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2022.46

Abstract

Abstract. The Transformation of Tattoo Art: A Study of Semiotics and Its Meaning. This paper uses a semiotic approach to reveal the hidden meaning behind tattoo art. As an art, a tattoo does not have a definite standard of beauty because beauty is very relative. The tattoo, as the object of this study, is a symbol that the designer uses to impress the community. As an art, a tattoo is not static but dynamic, and it changes every time. The research problem is how the change in the tattoo as a national cultural masterpiece can occur and what the factors behind it are. This study aims to explain the shift of tattoos’ meaning, which used to be sacred and religious, but now has shifted into profane. This study uses the ethnography method to describe the social phenomenon and society’s culture under the constructivism paradigm. Because the art of body decoration is interpreted as a symbol, the semiotic theory is considered an appropriate approach to explain the meaning behind the art of tattoos. From this study, the author finds out that, as a civilization, a tattoo is dynamic and can change over time. Keywords: Civilization, Semiotics, Dynamics, Tattoo, Symbol   Absrak. Karya tulis ini menggunakan pendekatan semiotik untuk mengungkapkan makna yang tersembunyi di balik karya seni tato. Sebagai karya seni, tato tidak mempuyai standar keindahan yang pasti, karena keindahan itu sendiri sangat relatif sifatnya. Tato yang menjadi objek kajian ini adalah symbol yang ingin disampaikan oleh perancangnya kepada masyarakat penggunanya. Sebagai karya seni, tato tidaklah statis, tetapi dinamis dan akan bergerak sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman yang melahirkannya. Permasalahahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana perubahan seni gores tato sebagai karya budaya bangsa dapat terjadi dan apa faktor penyebabnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan pergeseran makna seni hias tato yang dahulu bersifat sakral dan religius, sekarang bergeser menjadi profan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode etnografi yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan fenomena sosial dan budaya suatu masyarakat yang diteliti dengan posisi berada di bawah paradigma konstruktivisme. Oleh karena seni hias tubuh tersebut dimaknai sebagai simbol, teori semiotik dipandang tepat untuk menjelaskan makna di balik seni hias tato. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sebagai suatu peradaban, tato bersifat dinamis dan mengalami perubahan sesuai zamannya. Kata kunci: Peradaban, Semiotik, Dinamika, Tato, Simbol
PIYAGĔM SUKAPURA (1641 M): GEOPOLITIK KERAJAAN MATARAM ISLAM DI PRIANGAN Muhamad Alnoza
AMERTA Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2022.119

Abstract

Abstract, Piyagem Sukapura (1641 Ad): Geopolitics of Islamic Mataram Kingdom in Priangan, Piyagem is epigraphic evidence of the hegemony establishment of the Islamic Mataram Kingdom in the Priangan area. The period of the Islamic Mataram Kingdom’s power began with the suwer of the King of Sumedang, Raden Suriadiwangsa, to Sultan Agung in 1620. One of the piyagem issued by Sultan Agung while reigning in Priangan was Piyagem Sukapura. This metal inscription with the New Javanese script outlines the information on the three regencies’ establishment in Priangan in 1641 AD. This research further seeks to answer the problem regarding the relationship between the establishment of the three regencies in Priangan and geopolitical phenomena in the Islamic Mataram Kingdom. The research steps taken included data collection and analysis, in which the primary data source of this study was the transliteration of Piyagem Sukapura, while the secondary sources used as comparisons included the Sajarah Sukapura and Sajarah Cikundul manuscripts. In the end, this research concludes that Piyagem Sukapura is closely related to Sultan Agung’s geopolitical strategy after the rebellion of Dipati Ukur and the failure of the conquest of Batavia. Keyword: Geopolitic, Piyagem Sukapura; Priangan; Sultan Agung   Abstrak, Piyagem merupakan bukti epigrafis dari berdirinya hegemoni kuasa Kerajaan Mataram Islam di daerah Priangan, Rentang waktu kekuasaan Kerajaan Mataram Islam dimulai sejak menyerahnya Raja Sumedang, Raden Suriadiwangsa, kepada Sultan Agung di tahun 1620. Salah satu piyagem yang dikeluarkan Sultan Agung selama memerintah di Priangan adalah Piyagem Sukapura. Prasasti logam beraksara dan berbahasa Jawa Baru ini, menguraikan keterangan pendirian tiga kabupaten di Priangan pada tahun 1641 M. Penelitian ini lebih lanjut berusaha untuk menjawab permasalahan soal kaitan antara pendirian tiga kabupaten di Priangan tersebut dan fenomena geopolitik di Kerajaan Mataram Islam. Adapun langkah-langkah penelitian yang diambil meliputi pengumpulan data dan analisis. Sumber data primer penelitian ini adalah transliterasi Piyagem Sukapura, sedangkan sumber sekunder yang dijadikan pembanding di antaranya manuskrip Sajarah Sukapura dan Sajarah Cikundul. Penelitian ini di akhir menghasilkan simpulan bahwa Piyagem Sukapura berkaitan erat dengan strategi geopolitik Sultan Agung pasca pemberontakan Dipati Ukur dan kegagalan penaklukan Batavia. Kata Kunci: Geopolitik; Piyagem Sukapura; Priangan; Sultan Agung.
Cover Amerta Volume 40, Nomor 2, Tahun 2022 BRIN
AMERTA Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

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Abstract

Preface Amerta Volume 40, Nomor 2, Tahun 2022 BRIN
AMERTA Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

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Appendix Amerta Volume 40, Nomor 2, Tahun 2022 BRIN
AMERTA Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

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Abstract

INTERPRETASI AWAL SITUS SRIGADING LAWANG, MALANG Galeswangi, Rakai Hino; Nugroho, Wicaksono Dwi; Wahyudi, Deny Yudo
AMERTA Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2022.40

Abstract

Abstract. The Initial Interpretation: Srigading Site Lawang-Malang. This study aims to reconstruct the location and function of the Srigading Site and its relation to the text of the Mpu Siṇḍok inscription in the X century, which was found around Singosari. The object of study in this research is the Srigading Site located in Manggis of Srigading Village, Lawang District, Malang Regency, East Java. How is the identification of the Srigading Site viewed from structural, artifactual, and the Mpu Siṇḍok inscription? The research method used is descriptive. The research data were analyzed using archaeological analysis, covering morphology, technology, style, and contextuality. The results of the study stated that the structural and artefactual of the Srigading Site is the building of X century of the Hindu Siwaistis. Based on the Mpu Siṇḍok inscription, Srigading Site is the sacred building led by Watak Hujung that is possed by Rakryan Hujung Pu Maduralokadurañjana, located in Himad Village (known as Srigading Village). The Srigading Site is also predicted to correlate with the sacred building of ‘sanghyang prasada/sanghyang sala i himad’ as mentioned in the Gulung-Gulung and Jeru-Jeru inscriptions, as the Bhaṭara Sala I Himad’s place of worship. Keywords: Srigading Site, Watak Hujung, Himad Village   Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi Situs Srigading dan fungsinya, serta kaitannya terhadap teks prasasti-prasasti masa Mpu Siṇḍok di abad X yang ditemukan di sekitar Singosari. Objek kajian dalam penelitian ini adalah Situs Srigading yang berlokasi di Dusun Manggis, Desa Srigading, Kecamatan Lawang, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Masalah yang diajukan adalah bagaimana identifikasi Situs Srigading ditinjau dari temuan struktural, artefaktual, serta prasasti-prasasti pada masa Mpu Siṇḍok. Metode penelitian yang digunakan bersifat deskriptif. Adapun data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis arkeologi, meliputi morfologi, teknologi, gaya, hingga kontekstual. Hasil penelitian menyatakan berdasar temuan struktural dan artefaktual, Situs Srigading merupakan situs bangunan candi dari bata yang berasal dari sekitar abad X yang bersifat Hindu Siwaistis. Ditinjau dari prasasti masa Mpu Siṇḍok, Situs Srigading merupakan bangunan suci yang berada dalam wilayah Watak Hujung yang dikuasai oleh Rakryan Hujung Pu Maduralokadurañjana berlokasi di Desa Himad yang sekarang dikenal kembali sebagai Desa Srigading. Situs tersebut diduga berhubungan dengan bangunan suci ‘sanghyang prasada/sanghyang sala i himad’ yang disebutkan di dalam prasasti Gulung-Gulung dan prasasti JeruJeru, sebagai tempat pemujaan bagi Bhaṭara Sala I Himad. Kata kunci: Situs Srigading, Watak Hujung, Desa Himad
MENGGALI MAKNA IKONOGRAFIS PADA ARCA BERSIFAT TANTRIS DI PURA KEBO EDAN, KABUPATEN GIANYAR, BALI Rajeg, Kadek Dedy Prawirajaya; Purwanto, Heri; Tirtasari, Coleta Palupi
AMERTA Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2022.41

Abstract

Abstract. Exploring the Iconographic Meanings of Tantric Structures at Kebo Edan Temple, Gianyar Regency, Bali Province. In general studies of statues have been carried out by many experts, but statues related to the Tantrayana teaching have not received enough attention. In this case, the statues in Kebo Edan Temple, Gianyar Regency, Bali Province show that their forms depict the influence of Tantrayana. This research explores the statue forms and analyzes their meaning. The data were collected through observation, documentation, and literature study, and the collected data were analyzed using an iconographic study (morphological and technological analyses). The study results show that the statue forms and their manufacture are motivated by the tantric school within the scope of Shiva, especially at the level of the nirvṛtti marga. The statues are in various forms: a scary shape, dancing attitude, standing on a corpse, showing genitals (penis), snake decoration, masked face, skull decoration, and sword. Furthermore, these statue forms contain profound meanings. It can be said that the meaning of these statue forms symbolizes a relation to God, including the attainment of salvation (moksha), holiness, penance, wisdom, creation, and maintenance. Keywords: Statues, Tantrayana, Iconographic Meaning   Abstrak. Kajian arca secara umum telah banyak dilakukan oleh para ahli, namun arca-arca yang berkaitan dengan aliran Tantrayana belum cukup mendapat perhatian. Dalam hal ini, arca-arca yang berada di Pura Kebo Edan, Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali nampak menunjukkan bahwa wujudnya menggambarkan aliran Tantrayana. Penelitian ini menelusuri bentuk-bentuk arca dan menganalisis makna yang terkandung di dalamnya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan kajian ikonografi (analisis morfologi dan teknologi). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk-bentuk arca dan pembuatannya dilatarbelakangi oleh aliran Tantra dalam ruang lingkup Siwa, khususnya pada tataran nirvṛtti marga. Arca tersebut berupa wujud yang menyeramkan, sikap menari, berdiri di atas mayat, menonjolkan alat kelamin (penis), hiasan ular, wajah bertopeng, hiasan tengkorak, dan pedang. Wujud arca ini ternyata mengandung makna yang amat dalam. Dapat dikatakan bahwa makna dari wujud arca tersebut menyimbolkan sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan Tuhan, di antaranya pencapaian moksa, kesucian, penebusan dosa, kebijaksanaan, penciptaan, dan pemeliharaan. Kata kunci: Arca, Tantrayana, Makna Ikonografis

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