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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal Health Science and Medicine
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30638186     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21070/ijhsm
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Veterinary
Focus: The Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine (IJHSM) focus to advance the field of health science and medicine by publishing high-quality, peer-reviewed research articles, reviews, and case studies. Our journal serves as a platform for researchers, clinicians, and healthcare professionals to share innovative findings, critical insights, and emerging trends in the broad domain of health science and medicine. Scope: Clinical Research and Practice Studies on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. Clinical trials and evidence-based practices. Advances in medical technology and therapeutics. Public Health Epidemiology and health statistics. Health policy and management. Community health initiatives and health education. Biomedical Science Research on cellular and molecular biology. Genetics and genomics. Pharmacology and toxicology. Health Care Systems and Services Health care delivery and management. Quality improvement in health care services. Health economics and health informatics. Global Health Health issues affecting populations worldwide. International health regulations and practices. Global health governance and diplomacy. Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Lifestyle and behavioral interventions. Preventive medicine and early detection. Nutritional science and physical activity. Mental Health Research on mental health disorders and treatments. Psychological well-being and mental health promotion. Integration of mental health services in primary care. Innovations in Health Education and Training Medical and health science education methodologies. Training programs for health professionals. Continuing education and professional development.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 11 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July" : 11 Documents clear
Gender Differences in Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors Based on International Diabetes Federation Criteria Bader, Khamail A.; Maatook, Majid A.; Zaboon, Ibrahim A.
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.351

Abstract

General Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a cluster of interrelated metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors that substantially increase morbidity and mortality worldwide. Specific Background: In Iraq, the rising burden of non-communicable diseases has intensified interest in MetS, yet evidence on gender-specific risk patterns using International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria remains limited. Knowledge Gap: Few studies have systematically examined gender differences in MetS risk factors among Iraqi adults. Aims: This study aimed to identify and compare gender-specific risk factors for MetS among adults in Al-Basra province based on IDF criteria. Results: Distinct gender differences were observed in sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric measures, lipid profiles, blood pressure, smoking status, and family history patterns, while age, residence, body mass index, glycemic status, and physical activity showed no significant gender differences. Novelty: The study provides localized, gender-stratified evidence on MetS risk factors in southern Iraq. Implications: The findings support the need for gender-sensitive prevention, screening, and management strategies within primary care and public health programs.Keywords : Metabolic Syndrome, Gender Differences, Risk Factors, International Diabetes Federation Criteria, Waist CircumferenceHighlight : Females showed higher LDL, HDL, and familial hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular histories. Males exhibited greater waist measurements, smoking prevalence, and familial obesity history. Anthropometric measures differed by sex, while body mass index and physical activity remained comparable.
PAD-4 Elevation Distinguishes Acute from Past CMV Infection in Medical Students Beden , Murtada Wafi
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.379

Abstract

General Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a persistent herpesvirus with complex interactions between humoral and innate immunity. Specific Background: Neutrophil extracellular trap formation (NETosis), mediated by peptidylarginine deiminase-4 (PAD-4), is increasingly recognized in antiviral defense, yet its relation to CMV serological phases remains unclear. Knowledge Gap: The association between CMV IgM/IgG serostatus and PAD-4 activity as a surrogate marker of innate immune activation has not been well characterized in healthcare-exposed student populations. Aims: This cross-sectional study assessed CMV seroprevalence across three medical departments and examined PAD-4 levels according to CMV serology. Results: Among 300 students, overall CMV seroprevalence was 16.33%, highest in nursing (21%) and lowest in medical laboratory students (11%). PAD-4 levels were significantly higher in IgM-positive individuals than IgG-positive and seronegative peers (p=0.003), while no sex-based difference was observed. Novelty: The study links CMV serological phase to differential PAD-4 activity, indicating heightened innate activation during recent infection and relative immune quiescence in past exposure. Implications: PAD-4 may serve as a biomarker of acute CMV-related innate responses and supports targeted infection-control awareness in healthcare training environments. Highlights: CMV seroprevalence differed across healthcare training departments. PAD-4 levels peaked in IgM-positive (recent infection) students. PAD-4 showed no significant variation by sex. Keywords: Cytomegalovirus, PAD-4, NETosis, IgM/IgG Serostatus, Medical Students
Anthropogenic and Sediment Controls on TPH in Tigris Sediments Shnaishel, Altaf Raheem; Kadim, Hamza Abdulhassan; AL-Saad, Hamid T.
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.385

Abstract

General Background: Petroleum hydrocarbons are persistent aquatic contaminants that accumulate in sediments and serve as records of environmental pollution. Specific Background: The Tigris River in Maysan Governorate faces increasing hydrocarbon inputs associated with urbanization, industrial discharge, and riverine processes. Knowledge Gap: Limited integrated assessments have examined the vertical and spatial distribution of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) alongside Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and sediment grain size within core sediments of this river system. Aim: This study investigates the distribution patterns of TPHs and their relationships with TOC and sediment texture across seven stations (0–50 cm depth). Results: TPH concentrations ranged from 4.49 to 114.13 µg/g, with the highest values at Al-Amara and Ali Al-Sharqi linked to anthropogenic sources. Fine-grained sediments (silt and clay >70%) corresponded with higher TOC (1.66–10.73%), while correlation analysis showed weak association between TPH and TOC but strong relationships between TOC and fine fractions. Novelty: The study integrates vertical profiling and sedimentological controls to distinguish anthropogenic inputs from natural retention mechanisms. Implications: Findings support targeted monitoring and sediment management strategies in hydrocarbon-affected river systems. Highlights: Anthropogenic proximity governs peak hydrocarbon accumulation. Fine-grained sediments regulate organic matter retention. Vertical cores document historical contamination layers. Keywords: Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons, Tigris River, Sediment Core, Total Organic Carbon, Grain Size
Molecular Profiling of Lipase-Producing Bacillus spp. from Basrah Extreme Soils Alsada, Waad Blaasm Abd; Abas, Ismaal jmia
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.386

Abstract

General Background: Lipases are hydrolytic enzymes with broad industrial applications due to their catalytic versatility and environmental relevance. Specific Background: Oil-contaminated and extreme environments represent promising reservoirs for robust lipase-producing bacteria. Knowledge Gap: Limited molecular characterization has been conducted on indigenous lipolytic Bacillus species from extreme sites in Basrah Governorate. Aim: This study aimed to isolate, screen, and molecularly identify lipase-producing Bacillus spp. from oil-affected soils and related environments. Results: Ten samples were collected, and five high-performing isolates were confirmed through Spirit Blue Agar and Rhodamine B assays. Optimal lipase production occurred at 37°C, pH 7, after 48 hours using olive oil as substrate. 16S rRNA sequencing identified the isolates as Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus tequilensis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus cereus, with sequence similarities ranging from 98.88% to 99.82%. Novelty: This study provides molecular evidence of diverse indigenous lipolytic Bacillus strains from Basrah’s extreme habitats. Implications: The findings support their prospective application in biofuel production, wastewater treatment, and industrial biocatalysis.Highlights: Dual-media screening strengthened qualitative detection of lipase activity. Molecular identification confirmed five high-similarity Bacillus strains. Extreme Basrah soils serve as reservoirs of industrially relevant lipolytic bacteria. Keywords: Lipase-Producing Bacteria, Bacillus Spp., 16S rRNA Sequencing, Oil-Contaminated Soil, Industrial Biotechnology
Salicylic Acid Concentrations Suppress Grey Mold in Tomato Plants Q. , Waheed , A.; M. , Dewan H.; I. , Abdulla , M.
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.387

Abstract

General Background: Grey mold caused by Botrytis cinerea severely constrains tomato production in greenhouse and field systems worldwide.Specific Background: Chemical fungicides often fail due to the pathogen’s genetic plasticity, prompting exploration of alternative resistance inducers such as salicylic acid (SA).Knowledge Gap: Limited data exist regarding concentration-dependent responses of SA against B. cinerea under combined laboratory and greenhouse conditions.Aim: This study evaluated six SA concentrations (0–10 mM) for their ability to suppress fungal growth and reduce lesion development on tomato leaves.Results: Concentrations of 8 and 10 mM completely inhibited mycelial growth and biomass production (0.0 mg; 100% inhibition) in vitro. Under greenhouse conditions, the same concentrations reduced lesion area to 0.0 mm at 24, 48, and 72 hours compared with the untreated control. Lower concentrations produced partial suppression in a dose-dependent manner.Novelty: The findings demonstrate a clear concentration threshold at 8 mM SA for complete fungal suppression across experimental systems.Implications: SA presents a promising eco-compatible strategy for grey mold management and may serve as a complementary tool within integrated disease control programs. Highlights: 8–10 mM SA achieved complete fungal growth suppression. Biomass dry weight reduced to 0.0 mg under optimal concentration. Greenhouse lesion development eliminated at threshold dose. Keywords: Salicylic Acid, Botrytis Cinerea, Tomato, Grey Mold, Induced Resistance
Nano-Extract of Epimedium alpinum Preserves Testicular Histology During Levofloxacin Exposure Mohammed , prof.Dr.Jabbar Abadi; Mushattat , prof.Dr.Sukayna Jabbar; ali, Eelaf kareem abd; Kadhim, Saja Hassan Abdul-
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.388

Abstract

General Background: Antibiotics such as levofloxacin are widely prescribed but have been associated with reproductive tissue alterations following prolonged administration. Specific Background: Plant-derived nanomaterials, particularly nano-extracts from medicinal plants, have gained attention due to their bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Knowledge Gap: Limited experimental evidence exists regarding the histological response of testicular tissue to concurrent administration of levofloxacin and Epimedium alpinum nano-extract. Aim: This study examined the histological structure of testes in mice treated with levofloxacin and varying concentrations (5 and 10 mg/kg) of Epimedium alpinum nano-extract. Results: Levofloxacin administration for 30 days resulted in seminiferous tubule degeneration, reduced sperm count, and structural disruption, whereas groups receiving the nano-extract alone maintained normal architecture. Co-administration groups demonstrated preservation of seminiferous tubule integrity and improved spermatogenic organization. Novelty: The study provides experimental histological evidence supporting the tissue-preserving role of Epimedium alpinum nano-extract against antibiotic-associated alterations. Implications: These findings highlight the potential application of plant-based nanophytopharmaceuticals as supportive agents in treatments involving antibiotics with reproductive risks.Hightlights: Levofloxacin administration induced seminiferous tubule degeneration and reduced sperm count. Epimedium alpinum nano-extract maintained normal testicular architecture. Combined treatment preserved spermatogenic organization during antibiotic exposure. Keywords: Epimedium Alpinum, Nano-Extract, Levofloxacin, Testicular Histology, Spermatogenesis
Encapsulation of Naproxen with Meso-Tetradodecyl-Pyrogallol[4]arene: Complexation, Characterization, and Molecular Docking Insights: Enkapsulasi Naproksen dengan Meso-Tetradodecyl-Pyrogallol[4]arene: Pembentukan Kompleks, Karakterisasi, dan Wawasan Docking Molekuler Khudhier, Essam S.; AlNuaim , Maan S.; Oudah , Khulood H.
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.393

Abstract

General Background: Supramolecular encapsulation using macrocyclic hosts has emerged as a strategy to address solubility and stability limitations of poorly water-soluble drugs. Specific Background: Naproxen, a widely prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, exhibits low aqueous solubility and gastrointestinal irritation, prompting investigation of meso-tetradodecyl-pyrogallol[4]arene (C12-Py[4]arene) as a hydrophobic macrocyclic carrier capable of forming inclusion complexes through noncovalent interactions. Knowledge Gap: Although pyrogallol[4]arenes possess tunable cavities and self-assembly properties, detailed characterization of naproxen encapsulation combining spectroscopic, morphological, and molecular docking analyses remains limited. Aims: This study aimed to encapsulate naproxen within C12-Py[4]arene via mechanochemical grinding, characterize the resulting complex (PYX7), and evaluate binding affinity using molecular docking. Results: UV–Vis spectroscopy revealed bathochromic shifts at 318.00 and 332.50 nm, while FTIR analysis showed C=O band shifting from 1725 to 1689 cm⁻¹, confirming hydrogen bonding. SEM demonstrated altered semi-spherical agglomerates with heterogeneous morphology. Docking simulations predicted favorable binding energy (−7.00 kcal/mol), supported by hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking interactions within the hydrophobic cavity. Novelty: The integration of solvent-free complexation, spectroscopic validation, SEM imaging, and in silico modeling provides a comprehensive profile of PYX7 formation. Implications: These findings identify C12-Py[4]arene as a supramolecular carrier for naproxen and support further evaluation of pyrogallol[4]arene-based systems in NSAID delivery research. Keywords: Supramolecular Encapsulation, Naproxen, Pyrogallol4arene, Inclusion Complex, Molecular Docking Key Findings Highlights: Spectral shifts verified noncovalent host–guest interactions. Microscopy demonstrated nano-assembly formation with structural heterogeneity. Computational modeling showed favorable binding energetics and structural complementarity.
Prevalence and risk factor of Anemia among Hemodialysis patient: Prevalensi dan faktor risiko anemia pada pasien hemodialisis Al-Husayn, Ali Jabbar Abd
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.394

Abstract

General Background: Anemia is a common and clinically significant complication among patients undergoing hemodialysis, contributing to increased morbidity and complex clinical management in chronic kidney disease. Specific Background: Patients with end-stage renal disease receiving maintenance hemodialysis frequently experience reduced hemoglobin levels related to impaired erythropoietin production, iron deficiency, and comorbid conditions. Knowledge Gap: Despite extensive international evidence, limited localized data are available regarding the prevalence and associated factors of anemia among hemodialysis patients in the studied setting. Aims: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia and identify related demographic and clinical characteristics among patients undergoing hemodialysis. Results: The findings demonstrated a high proportion of anemia among hemodialysis patients, with variations observed according to age, gender, and selected clinical parameters. Laboratory indicators and treatment-related variables were associated with the occurrence and severity of reduced hemoglobin levels. Novelty: This study provides updated contextual evidence on anemia distribution within a defined hemodialysis population, contributing locally derived clinical data to the existing body of nephrology research. Implications: The results underscore the need for structured anemia monitoring, optimized management strategies, and continuous evaluation of hematological parameters in dialysis centers to support improved patient care and clinical decision-making. Keywords: Anemia, Hemodialysis, Chronic Kidney Disease, Hemoglobin Level, Prevalence Key Findings Highlights: A substantial proportion of dialysis recipients presented with reduced hemoglobin values. Demographic and clinical characteristics were linked to variations in blood parameters. Routine hematological assessment remains essential in long-term renal replacement therapy.
The Association between Maternal Risk Factors and Preterm Birth Outcomes in Mosul Maternity Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Study: Hubungan antara Faktor Risiko Ibu dan Hasil Kelahiran Prematur di Rumah Sakit Bersalin Mosul: Studi Potong Lintang Hashim, Abdulrahman Mazin
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.395

Abstract

General Background: Preterm birth remains a major global obstetric concern and a leading contributor to neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Specific Background: In Mosul maternity hospitals, maternal health conditions and obstetric characteristics may contribute to variations in gestational age and neonatal birth weight. Knowledge Gap: Limited local evidence exists regarding the association between maternal risk factors and neonatal outcomes among women delivering preterm in Mosul city hospitals. Aims: This study aimed to describe maternal characteristics, identify risk factors of preterm birth, and determine the relationship between these factors, gestational age at birth, and neonatal birth weight. Results: In a cross-sectional sample of 234 women, the mean gestational age was 31.42 weeks and the mean interpregnancy interval was 17.88 months. Excessive uterine activity (82.1%), vaginal infection (65.0%), and urinary and genital tract infections (59.0%) were the most prevalent conditions. Statistical analysis demonstrated highly significant associations between maternal risk factors and both gestational age and birth weight (p<0.05). Short interpregnancy intervals were significantly related to lower gestational age categories and increased proportions of low, very low, and extremely low birth weight neonates. Novelty: This study provides hospital-based empirical evidence from Mosul linking specific maternal conditions and birth spacing patterns with prematurity outcomes. Implications: Routine infection screening, management of uterine activity, and counseling on appropriate birth spacing are essential strategies to reduce adverse neonatal outcomes in maternity care settings. Keywords: Preterm Birth, Maternal Risk Factors, Interpregnancy Interval, Neonatal Outcomes, Birth Weight Key Findings Highlights: Excessive contractions and reproductive tract infections were highly prevalent among participants. Significant statistical relationships were identified between maternal conditions and newborn measurements. Short birth spacing corresponded with higher proportions of very early delivery and reduced neonatal mass.
Assessment of Women's Knowledge about Postpartum Depression: Penilaian Pengetahuan Wanita tentang Depresi Pascapersalinan Qassim, Ebtihal Sattar
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.396

Abstract

General Background: Postpartum depression is a major public health concern affecting maternal mental health and child well-being worldwide. Specific Background: Limited knowledge and awareness among postnatal mothers contribute to delayed recognition, stigma, and low help-seeking behavior, particularly in developing settings. Knowledge Gap: Despite increasing global attention, evidence regarding the level of postpartum depression literacy and associated factors among postnatal mothers in the study setting remains insufficient. Aims: This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and awareness of postpartum depression among postnatal mothers and to identify related sociodemographic characteristics. Results: The findings indicate that a considerable proportion of mothers demonstrated inadequate understanding of symptoms, risk factors, screening, and available treatment options. Educational level, prior information exposure, and contact with health services were associated with higher literacy levels. Misconceptions and stigma-related beliefs were still present among respondents. Novelty: This study provides updated empirical data on postpartum depression literacy within the local maternal population, highlighting specific domains of misunderstanding that require targeted educational strategies. Implications: Strengthening maternal mental health education through antenatal and postnatal services, including routine screening and counseling by healthcare professionals, is essential to promote early detection and appropriate support for affected mothers. Keywords: Postpartum Depression, Maternal Mental Health, Depression Literacy, Postnatal Mothers, Mental Health Awareness Key Findings Highlights: A substantial proportion of respondents showed limited understanding of symptoms and risk factors. Sociodemographic characteristics were associated with variations in literacy levels. Misconceptions and stigma-related beliefs remained evident among participants.

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