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Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU

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Published by Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering

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Articles 11 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 4 (2014)" : 11 Documents clear

PENGHILANGAN TINTA PADA KERTAS THERMAL BEKAS : PENGARUH KONSISTENSI DAN KONSENTRASI PENDISPERSI FLOTASI Sulastri Dewanti, Elisabet Aprilyanti, Taslim
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jutek.v3i4.8493

Recycling of wastepaper is a solution for paper industry to overcome the scarcity and the limited presence of the virgin pulp sources. Thermal paper is a highly engineered product coated with a thermal sensitive layer that reacts in the presence of heat to create the printed image. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of pulp consistency and dispersant concentration on the removal of ink in the thermal paper. There are 3 steps in this research which are immersing, pulping and flotation. The results of this research were measured according to TAPPI and SNI to determine the brightness and tensile strength of the recycled paper, respectively. The excellent conditions were obtained at pulp consistency of 0.8%, dispersant concentration of 1.5%, flotation temperature of 50 °C and flotation time of 40 minutes. In these conditions, the brightness was 72,17% and tensile strength was 3.7 kN/m.

PEMANFAATAN ADSORBEN DARI BIJI ASAM JAWA UNTUK MENURUNKAN BILANGAN PEROKSIDA PADA CPO (CRUDE PALM OIL) Agus Mangiring Siburian, Agnes Sartika Doharma Pardede, Setiaty Pandia
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

This study was aimed to discover the effectiveness of tamarind seeds as adsorbent for the reduction of PV (Peroxide Value) in CPO (Crude Palm Oil) at the best adsorbent dose and contact time. Materials used were CPO, tamarind seeds, nitric acid, and distilled water. Variables observed were adsorbent : nitric acid ratio and oven temperature in adsorbent activation process, and contact time and adsorbent dose in adsorption process. This study was began with adsorbent modification, where the cleaced and crushed tamarind seeds to pass through 140 mesh were activated with 4 N nitric acid at 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4 of adsorbent : nitric acid ratio while heated at 80 oC for 2 hours. Adsorbent was then dried in oven at 110 oC, 120 oC, 130 oC and 140 oC. Adsorbent with the higher iodine number was used in adsorption process that was carried out by heating 100 grams of CPO on hot plate at 90 oC with 1000 rpm of stirring speed, and followed by adsorbent addition of 0.5 %, 1,0 %, and 1,5 % (of CPO used) and 25, 35, and 45 minutes of contact time, and after that oil was filtered using vacuum pump. The study results showed that the best ratio of adsorbent : nitric acid 4 N was 1:2 at 130 oC of oven temperature with 511.773 mg/g of iodine number. The best adsorbent dose was 1.0 % at 35 minutes of contact time that gave higher reduction of PV with peroxide value of 0,00868 meq/kg with the reduction percentage was 39,72 %. This study showed that nitcic acid-activated adsorbent from tamarind seeds was effective to reduce PV in CPO.

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN RESORSINOL PADA PEMBUATAN PEREKAT LIKUIDA SABUT KELAPA Mutiara Istiqomah, Netti Herlina
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Liquid adhesive coconut coir is the result of a reaction between lignin powder material used with aromatic compounds at high temperatures in order to obtain a solution that can be used as an adhesive. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of liquid adhesive of coconut coir (LACC) qualities and determine the effect of resorcinol in the manufacture of adhesives LACC. The study was conducted in three phases: the first stage of coir manufacturing particles, which at this stage coir made into particles of 100 mesh, adhesive manufacturing second stage LACC which at this stage there are two stages of the liquefaction reaction coir and polymerization, and the third stage addition of resorcinol LACC into the adhesive. The variables used in this study is the addition of variable rate resorcinol at 10, 20, 30% by weight. Variables - variables that were analyzed pH, viscosity, spesific gravity, solid content, formaldehyde-free rate and compound analysis using FT-IR adhesive LACC to conditions without the addition of resorcinol and with the addition of 30% resorcinol. The results showed that the addition of resorcinol LACC influence on the resulting adhesive, which has a liquid form, the pH ranged from 12.6 to 10.6, 43,867- 131.712 cps viscosity, specific gravity of 1.252 to 1.258, solid content 46.67 to 80%, from 1.952 to 1.051% formaldehyde content. FT-IR results showed similarity LACC adhesive force phenol formaldehyde resin, namely the presence of the OH group, C = H of the aromatic ring, of methylene CH, CO from ether and fenolic compound.

PENGARUH PELARUT TERT-BUTANOL TERHADAP MINYAK DAN SUHU REAKSI GLISEROLISIS PADA PEMBUATAN MONO DAN DIASILGLISEROL (MDAG) MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS ABU CANGKANG TELUR AYAM Retno Dian Lestari Purba, Margareth Nainggolan, M. Yusuf Ritonga
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Mono and diacylglycerol (MDAG) is one of the synthetic emulsifier agent widely used in food industry. Emulsifier agent is one of the economically high value oleochemical product. The purpose of this research is to produce MDAG through glycerolysis process of refined bleached deodorize palm oil (RBDPO) and glycerol by using egg shell waste as catalyst (4 % of oil weight) for 2 hours, whereas the variables ratio of tert-butanol to oil (1, 2, 3 v/w) and reaction temperatur (60, 70 and 80 oC). Egg shell waste was calcined at 900 oC for 2 hours to form active CaO catalyst. Then glycerolysis process to produce mono and diacylglyserol. Mono and diacylglycerol that formed was separated by using separator fannel. The upper layer was vaporated to separate MDAG from tert-butanol. The content of MDAG was analyzed using Gas Chromatography. The best result was at 70 oC temperature, ratio co-solvent to oil 3:1 (v/w), 2 hours of reaction time and 4% of catalyst amount from oil and oil molar ratio to glycerol 1:6 with MDAG content of 68,62%. MDAG formed are w/o emulsifier with 5.19 HLB. The result of this research shows that egg shell waste is suitable to be used as source of cheap catalyst to produce mono and diacylglycerol.

PEMANFAATAN KITOSAN DARI CANGKANG BEKICOT (Achatina fulica) SEBAGAI PENGAWET IKAN KEMBUNG (Rastrelliger sp) DAN IKAN LELE (Clarias batrachus) Sari Wahyu Waryani, Rika Silvia, Farida Hanum
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

The efforts that should be made to maintain the quality of fish is by using antimicrobial compounds, one of which is chitosan. In this research, characterization of chitosan from shell snail (Achatina fulica) has a water content of 5.07%, ash content of 1.8% and the degree of deacetylation (DD) 75.13%. The use of chitosan in this study was to determine the optimal conditions on chitosan concentration and storage time of mackerel (Rastrelliger sp) and catfish (Clarias batrachus) from the microbiological and organoleptic aspects. This research used a variation of the concentration of chitosan was 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% dissolved in 1% acetic acid. Observations were do with variation the storage time 10 hours, 15 hours, 20 hours and 25 hours and the provision of chitosan solution by soaking and spraying with the observation parameters Total Volatile Base (TVB), organoleptic and pH of fish. Based on the analysis, the results showed that the maximum concentration of chitosan on mackerel (Rastrelliger sp) and catfish (Clarias batrachus) is 1,5% and treatment by means of immersion is the best treatment. The use of chitosan solution on mackerel (Rastrelliger sp) survived 20 hours while catfish (Clarias batrachus) survived 15 hours.Keywords :Total Volatile Base, organoleptic, pH, mackerel, catfish

JTK USU Journal Management
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

JTK USU

ANALISIS LAJU ALIR SAMPAH DAN EMISI CARBON YANG DIHASILKAN KOTA BANDA ACEH M. Faisal
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

This research aims to analyze the material flow of solid waste of Banda Aceh city by using Material Flow Analysis (MFA) method. The domestic wastes used in this research are limited to organic waste, plastic and paper. Results show that the solid wastes in Banda Aceh city do not treated well and thus required further treatment process. Wastes are separated at the kampong Jawa waste treatment process. Leaves waste are treated for compost, while no treatment process for plastic and paper wastes. The percentage of organic wastes, paper and plastic produced from Banda Aceh city were 89,1 %; 2,5 %; 0,74 %, respectively. Total amount of waste in the city of Banda Aceh is 86057,64 t/month producing carbon emission of 83726,6 t/month.

CURE CHARACTERISTICS AND CROSSLINK DENSITY OF NATURAL RUBBER/STYRENE BUTADIENE RUBBER BLENDS Indra Surya, Syahrul Fauzi Siregar
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

By using a semi-efficient vulcanization system, the cure characteristics and crosslink density of natural rubber/styrene butadiene rubber (NR/SBR) blends were studied with a blend ratio from 0 to 100% rubber. The scorch time, optimum cure time, and torque difference value of the blended rubber compounds were determined by using the Moving-Die Rheometer (MDR 2000). The crosslink density was determined by the Flory—Rehner approach. Results indicate that the scorch and cure times, ts2 and t90, of the NR/SBR blends increased with increasing the SBR content. Whilst, the maximum values of torque difference and crosslink density were performed by the NR/SBR blend with a blend ratio of 75/25.

PENGARUH JUMLAH KATALIS ABU CANGKANG TELUR AYAM DAN WAKTU REAKSI GLISEROLISIS PADA PEMBUATAN MONO DAN DIASILGLISEROL (MDAG) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN CO-SOLVENT TERT-BUTANOL Margareth Nainggolan, Retno Dian Purba, Mhd. Yusuf Ritonga
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Mono and diacylglycerol is one of oil diversification products that its economics value is higher and its market prospect is brighter in this globalization era. The purpose of this research is to produce mono and diacylglycerol from Refined, Bleached, Deodorized Palm Oil by using waste egg shell as catalyst. Waste egg shell was calcined at temperatur 70oC and time 2 hours to forming active CaO as catalyst. Then the process continued with glycerolysis process. Glycerolysis process produced mono and diacylglyserol. Then mono and diacylglycerol was separated by using separator fannel. Then the upper layer was vaporated to separate mono and diacylglycerol from tert-butanol. Effect of various varible process such as amount of catalyst and glycerolysis time was observed in this research. The best result was at temperature 70oC, co-solvent and oil rasio 3:1 (v/b), reaction time 2 hours, and catalyst amount 4% from oil with maksimum purity 68,61%. Mono and diacylglycerol formed in this reasearh is w/o emulsifier with HLB 5,19. The result of this research showed that waste egg shell is suitable to be used as the source of cheap catalyst to produce mono and diacylglycerol.

PENGARUH UKURAN PARTIKEL DAN KOMPOSISI ABU SEKAM PADI HITAM TERHADAP SIFAT KEKUATAN TARIK KOMPOSIT POLIESTER TIDAK JENUH Rotua Adryani, Maulida
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol 3, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

This research was aimed to investigate the effect of black rice husk ash particle size and black rice husk ash composition as filler in tensile strength of unsaturated polyester composites. The composites were made with open mixing method by mixing unsaturated polyester with black rice husk ash with particle size variation of 100 mesh and 250 mesh, and volume fraction ratio between filler and matrix 95/5 : 90/10 : 85/15 : 80/20 then added with 1% methyl ethyl ketone peroxide as catalizer into mixture of unsaturated polyester and black rice husk ash. Tests performed are tensile, elongation at break, and Young’s modulus. The result of obtained at a ratio 95/5 with a particle size of 100 and 250 mesh was 24,413 MPa and 24,689 MPa.

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