International Journal of Oil Palm
International Journal of Oil Palm (IJOP) is an online and print mode, a peer-reviewed research journal published by Indonesian Oil Palm Society (Masyarakat PerkelapaSawitan Indonesia, MAKSI), it provides a global publication platform for researcher, scholars, academicians, professionals and students engaged in research in oil palm industries. The main aim of IJOP is to become the world’s leading journal in oil palm that is preferred and trusted by the community through publishing authentic, peer-reviewed and scientifically developed research articles of international caliber. The journal is published three times in a year, 6-10 papers per publication, and the language of the journal is English. JOURNAL SCOPE IJOP publishes research papers in the felds of soil and crop fertilizer application, seedling preparation, cover crop management, leaf pruning, weed control, control of pest and diseases, insect pollinators management, water management, intercropping, cattle oil palm integration, environmental studies, harvesting technology, IT remote sensing GPS application, mechanization, sustainability standards, policy studies, social and economic studies, smallholders empowerment, palm oil mill improvement, biomass utilization, carbon footprint, water footprint, market studies, refinery, food and nutrition technology (oleofood, food safety, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical) and also management of soil preparation, inorganic and organic safety, oleochemicals, downstream industry development, supply chain, and market studies. The published articles can be in the form of research articles, review paper or short communications which have not been published previously in other journals (except in the form of an abstract or academic thesis/dissertation or presented in seminar/conference).
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<![CDATA[A Rapid Inoculation Method for Infection of Ganoderma in Oil Palm ]]>
<![CDATA[Maria Indah Purnamasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Delia Agustina]]>;
<![CDATA[Cahya Prihatna]]>;
<![CDATA[Antonius Suwanto]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Oil Palm Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): January 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Oil Palm Society /IOPS (Masyarakat Perkelapa-sawitan Indonesia /MAKSI) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v1i1.1
<![CDATA[Basal stem rot (BSR) is a major disease of oil palm plantation caused by pathogenic fungus Ganoderma boninense. To overcome the disease, development of resistant or tolerantoil palms is crucial for susta inable production of palm oil. Thus a reliable and rapid method to assess resistance of oil palm to BSR is important. Here we report an inoculation technique designated as mycelium inoculation technique. This method is faster and simpler compared to the traditional technique using rubber wood block. The technique that we developed results in consistency of infection and disease can be evaluated as early as two weeks after inoculation with G. boninense. Furthermore, this method is also able to di?erentially assess resistant and susceptible palm seedlings to BSR. The results show that this new inoculation technique can be used as a routine method to infect oil palm seedlings and can be utilised for development of resistant cultivar of oil palm to G. boninense.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Azobacter sp. and N Fertilizer on the Growth of Oil Palm Seedling Inoculated with Ganoderma sp ]]>
<![CDATA[Happy Widiastuti]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Oil Palm Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): January 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Oil Palm Society /IOPS (Masyarakat Perkelapa-sawitan Indonesia /MAKSI) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v1i1.2
<![CDATA[Excess application of nitrogen fertilizer causes soil nutrient imbalances and reduce the number and soil microbial diversity. This condition could induce soil born dieseses such basal stem rot caused by Ganoderma sp. A study was conducted to enhance the plant tolerance to Ganoderma sp. through introduction of microbial community especially non-symbiotic N fxing bacteria, Azotobacter sp. Plant materials used were 4 months old of germinated oil palms, while Ganoderma sp. was isolated from Bekri, Lampung. There are seven treatments tested i e Azotobacter sp. + Ganoderma sp. (+A+G), Azotobacter sp. + 30% N fertilizer of recommended dosage + Ganoderma sp. (+A+30N+G), Azotobacter sp. + 60% N fertilizer of recommended dosage + Ganoderma sp. (+A+60N+G), Azotobacter sp. + 100% N fertilizer of recommended dosage + Ganoderma sp. (+A+100N+G), 100% N fertilizer of recommended dosage + Ganoderma sp. (+100N+G), Ganoderma sp. inoculation (positive control, +G), and non-inoculated Ganoderma sp. (negative control, -G). The result showed that Azotobacter sp.enhanced the height of plant inoculated with Ganoderma sp. when accompanied with N fertilizer of 30 to 100% of recommended dose. Moreover, +A+100N+G seedling had signifcantly higher fresh and dry weight of shoot compared to those of +G seedling or +100N+G seedling]]>
<![CDATA[Prospecting of Mannan Degrading Bacteria on Treating Palm Kernel Meal ]]>
<![CDATA[Ludovika Jessica Virginia]]>;
<![CDATA[Yepy Hardi Rustam]]>;
<![CDATA[Griselda Herman Natadiputri]]>;
<![CDATA[Antonius Suwanto]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Oil Palm Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): January 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Oil Palm Society /IOPS (Masyarakat Perkelapa-sawitan Indonesia /MAKSI) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v1i1.3
<![CDATA[Palm kernel meal (PKM) is one of the most abundant by-products from oil palm industries. Although PKM can be used as ruminant feed but unfortunately it can not be applied directly as chicken feed due to its complex structure and lack of mannan degrading enzyme in chicken. Manan is a complex molecule composed of linear mannan, glucomannan, galactomannan, and galactoglucomannan and most nutrition contained in PKM was trapped in mannan structure. To increase the economic value of PKM, utilization of mannan degrading enzyme in pretreatment process of PKM before applying as chicken feed is required. We report here that isolation of potential mannanase as well as its prospective toward application in PKM was successfully conducted in this study. Mannanase producing bacteria (CK7) harboring wild type ?-mannanase activity at 48.03 U mL-1 was obtained and identifed as Bacillus subtilis isolate qd386 (accession number EF473134) with 96.7% pairwise identity through 16s amplifcation. Over expression in Pichia pastoris system by pPICZ?A as vector and KM71 as host (P-CK7) improved its activity into 4207.56 U mL-1 and 5000 U mL-1 within fed batch fermentation at 7.5 L and 500 L, respectively. Recombinant manCK7 generated from P-CK7 was reported as the major expressed extracellular protein through SDS-PAGE in this study, thus make it more benefcial and attractive for further application study due to reduction of cell breaking process. Preliminary study on manCK7 application to PKM showed a promising result with a signifcant sugar released observed between PKM which treated with bu?er, commercial enzyme, and manCK7 for 89 µmole, 460.6 µmole, and 518.2 µmole, respectively.]]>
<![CDATA[Bird Diversity in Smallholders Oil Palm Plantation in Riau Province ]]>
<![CDATA[Yanto Santosa]]>;
<![CDATA[Anxious Yoga Perdana]]>;
<![CDATA[Sandi Sopiyandi]]>;
<![CDATA[Yohanna Yohanna]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Oil Palm Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): January 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Oil Palm Society /IOPS (Masyarakat Perkelapa-sawitan Indonesia /MAKSI) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v1i1.4
<![CDATA[Within the last few decades, oil palm (Elaeis guine) has become one of the most rapid crop plantations being widely cultivated in Indonesia. Land clearing for stallholder plantation is made by people, either individually or in group. Forest clearing for planting activities may cause changes to the composition of the ecosystem. Birds have a signifcant role in the ecosystem, such as pollinators, seed spreader and pest control. It was claimed that bird richness decreases at least 60% due to changes in land cover into plantations. This claim needs to be further verifed. The objective of this study is to identify bird diversity and determine thesimilarity of the bird community in some smallholder oil palm plantations in Kuantan Singingi, Pelalawan and Siak District in Riau Province. Data collection had been conducted using transect method with length of 1 km and width of 50 m. Observations were done at 8 smallholder oil palm plantations in the morning from 6:00 to 8:30 pm and in the afternoon from 15:30 to 18:00 pm with 3 times repetition. Data in the study were analyzed by Margalef Index (Dmg), evenness (E) and community similarity (IS). This research showed that there are 22 species of birds from 15 families. The highest value of diversity and richness was in the plantation 1 while the highest evenness was in the plantation 5. The lowest diversity was in SH5 (H '= 1.79), the lowest richness was plantation 6 (Dmg = 2.50) and the lowest evenness value was in the plantation 4 (E = 0.90). The highest value of community similarity recorded between plantation 1-plantation 4 (IS = 0.92) while the lowest was seen between plantation 5-plantation 7 (IS =0.44). Similar habitat conditions a?ect the value of the bird community similarity.]]>
<![CDATA[Gene Expression Analysis of Somatic Embryogenesis in Oil Palm ]]>
<![CDATA[Nuryanti Syariyanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Utut Widyastuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurita Toruan Mathius]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Oil Palm Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): January 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Oil Palm Society /IOPS (Masyarakat Perkelapa-sawitan Indonesia /MAKSI) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v1i1.5
<![CDATA[Multiplication of oil palm through somatic embryogenesis is hampered by low callogenesis and embryogenesis rates. Molecular marker based on RNA (transcriptomes analysis) is considered as one of the most e?ective techniques for detection and di?erentiation of embryogenic and non-embryogenic callus. A previous research using microarray technique had shown some potential candidate genes related to oil palm somatic embryogenesis, such as: IAA-amino acid hydrolase ILR1-like1 (ilr1), late embryogenesis abundant (lea2), 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 13 homolog B (26sp), and alpha trehalose phosphate synthase [UDP-forming] 6-like (tps6). The objective of this study was to analyze the transcription level of ilr1, lea2, 26sp, and tps6 using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). Non-embryogenic nodular callus and somatic embryo (coleoptile stage) of Elaeis guineensis var. Tenera (Deli Dura x AVROS Pisifera) leaf explants were collected from three palms for RNA extraction. The frst strand cDNA was synthesized from RNA and used for gene expression analysis. The expressions of four embryogenesis-related genes were analyzed using Relative Quantifcation Standart Curve method. RQ value was analyzed with One-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s test using Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) 20.0 for windows. In RT-qPCR analysis, non-embryogenic nodular callus was used as calibrator sample and 40S ribosomal protein S27-2 (40s) was used as reference gene. The result shows that ilr1 and lea2 genes were signifcantly transcribed higher on coleoptile stage of the somatic embryo compared to callus, in other hand 26sp, and tps6 shows no expression di?erence on both samples.ilr1 genes gave the highest expression in somatic embryo compared to callus in most tested palms. Thus, it indicated that ilr1 may potentially involve in oil palm somatic embryogenesis and can be used as a candidate to develop the marker for embryogenesis in oil palm.]]>
