International Journal of Oil Palm
International Journal of Oil Palm (IJOP) is an online and print mode, a peer-reviewed research journal published by Indonesian Oil Palm Society (Masyarakat PerkelapaSawitan Indonesia, MAKSI), it provides a global publication platform for researcher, scholars, academicians, professionals and students engaged in research in oil palm industries. The main aim of IJOP is to become the world’s leading journal in oil palm that is preferred and trusted by the community through publishing authentic, peer-reviewed and scientifically developed research articles of international caliber. The journal is published three times in a year, 6-10 papers per publication, and the language of the journal is English. JOURNAL SCOPE IJOP publishes research papers in the felds of soil and crop fertilizer application, seedling preparation, cover crop management, leaf pruning, weed control, control of pest and diseases, insect pollinators management, water management, intercropping, cattle oil palm integration, environmental studies, harvesting technology, IT remote sensing GPS application, mechanization, sustainability standards, policy studies, social and economic studies, smallholders empowerment, palm oil mill improvement, biomass utilization, carbon footprint, water footprint, market studies, refinery, food and nutrition technology (oleofood, food safety, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical) and also management of soil preparation, inorganic and organic safety, oleochemicals, downstream industry development, supply chain, and market studies. The published articles can be in the form of research articles, review paper or short communications which have not been published previously in other journals (except in the form of an abstract or academic thesis/dissertation or presented in seminar/conference).
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<![CDATA[Generative AI-based Decision Support System for Detecting Palm Fruit Quality ]]>
<![CDATA[Algifari Yusuf]]>;
<![CDATA[Mezan el-Khaeri Kesuma]]>;
<![CDATA[Siti Amalia Agustin]]>;
<![CDATA[Riska Amalia]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Oil Palm Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Oil Palm Society /IOPS (Masyarakat Perkelapa-sawitan Indonesia /MAKSI) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v9i1.137
<![CDATA[Indonesia's dominance as a global palm oil producer is challenged by the economic precarity of its 6.9 million smallholder farmers,dual threat to their sovereignty. The first is a structural asymmetry of information and weak bargaining power, making them vulnerable to subjective assessments of Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) quality, leading to unilateral price cuts and significant income losses. The second is mounting global market pressure to comply with sustainability standards (ISPO/RSPO),which act as non-tariff barriers through complex traceability and documented quality controls that are difficult for smallholders to meet. To address these challenges, this study designed and evaluated a generative AI-based Decision Support System (DSS) to provide objective analysis and strengthen farmers' decision-making capabilities. The methodology involved using few-shot prompting on the Gemini AI platform, with the system's performance then tested through a controlled technology intervention involving 20 smallholder farmers in South Lampung, a region with a high incidence of price disputes. Key findings indicate that the DSS, through real-time image analysis, can classify FFB maturity with a quantitative accuracy of 80%. Its implementation in the field consistently resulted in a 45% reduction in price disputes and an average increase in selling prices of 9-13%, as farmers utilized validation data from the system during negotiations. The technology achieved a high adoption rate of 80%, driven by increased farmer confidence and direct positive impacts on their income. In conclusion, this DSS has proven not only a valid technical tool but a crucial catalyst for economic empowerment, effectively bridging the information gap and empowering farmers for integration into a more equitable and sustainable global supply chain. Further research is recommended to test the system's scalability and generalization across larger populations in regions like North Sumatra or Kalimantan to validate its efficacy amidst diverse agronomic and socio-economic characteristics]]>
<![CDATA[Metamorphosis of Palm Oil Settlement in Forest Areas: Policy Trajectories after Government Regulation Number 45 of 2025 ]]>
<![CDATA[Felix Aglen Ndaru]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Oil Palm Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Oil Palm Society /IOPS (Masyarakat Perkelapa-sawitan Indonesia /MAKSI) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v9i1.158
<![CDATA[Palm oil is a strategic commodity that supports Indonesia’s economy. One of the problems in palm oil governance is the overlap between forest areas and palm oil plantations. This problem has caused Indonesian palm oil to receive a negative response in the international market, prompting the government to formulate a resolution policy since 2010. On September 19, 2025, the government released the latest policy through Government Regulation Number 45 of 2025 on Amendments to Government Regulation Number 24 of 2021 on Procedures for Imposing Administrative Sanctions and Procedures for Non-Tax State Revenue from from Administrative Fines in the Forestry Sector. This policy has caused concern because it deemed detrimental to palm oil industry. The study applies a normative juridical method and attempts to analyze the new contents of Government Regulation Number 45 of 2025 to identify policy recency. The study identifies four substantial provisions in Government Regulation Number 45 of 2025, namely the strengthening of Forest Area Control Task Force; revision of the formula for calculating administrative fines; “repossession” of forest areas; and the removal of the legality of continuing operations in Article 110B scheme. There are three crucial issues that have the potential to cause legal uncertainty, namely the lack of clarity on follow-up actions after “repossession” in conservation and protected forests; the weak principle of enforceability of administrative sanction decisions; and the lack of clarity on the agency that manages non-tax state revenue from administrative fines. The study recommends the government to intensify “repossession” in conservation and protected forests and restore the ecosystems; establish a system for delivering administrative sanction decisions that can be immediately accepted by legal subjects; and appoint an agency to manage non-tax state revenue from administrative fines.]]>
<![CDATA[Valorization of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) for Renewable Energy: A Systematic Review on Biogas Potential and Policy Implications in Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Billy Nugraha]]>;
<![CDATA[Nadiahun Nasywa]]>;
<![CDATA[Melodi Laora Putri]]>;
<![CDATA[Soma Satria]]>;
<![CDATA[Yoga Ulya Mubarok]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Oil Palm Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Indonesian Oil Palm Society /IOPS (Masyarakat Perkelapa-sawitan Indonesia /MAKSI) ]]>
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DOI: 10.35876/ijop.v9i1.159
<![CDATA[Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) represents one of the most significant by-products of the palm oil industry, often perceived as a major environmental pollutant due to its high organic load and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, its valorization as a biogas source offers a promising pathway toward sustainable energy transition in Indonesia. This study presents a systematic literature review (SLR) to evaluate the biogas potential of POME and to explore policy frameworks that support its implementation in the Indonesian context. The review was conducted based on PRISMA guidelines by screening peer-reviewed articles from 2013 to 2024 using databases such as Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. A total of 38 relevant studies were analyzed, covering techno-economic feasibility, conversion efficiency, environmental impacts, and regulatory perspectives. Findings indicate that POME has a high potential for biogas production, with methane yields ranging between 15–28 m³ per m³ of POME under optimized anaerobic digestion processes. Furthermore, several pilot-scale and industrial implementations in Sumatra and Kalimantan demonstrate technical viability. However, challenges remain in terms of infrastructure investment, fragmented policies, and lack of integration with national energy targets. Current regulations, including the Presidential Regulation on Renewable Energy and Ministry of Energy’s roadmap, provide a partial foundation, but clearer incentives and decentralized support mechanisms are needed. This review highlights the urgency of aligning technological potential with comprehensive policy support to accelerate the adoption of POME-to-biogas initiatives, especially among small and medium-scale palm oil mills. The valorization of POME not only contributes to Indonesia’s renewable energy mix but also addresses environmental and socio-economic concerns within the palm oil sector.]]>
