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Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Published by PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.
ISSN : 0125913X     EISSN : 25032720     DOI : 10.55175
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran (CDK) is a Medical Journal published since 1974 and affiliated with PT Kalbe Farma Tbk. CDK is intended to help accommodate scientific publications and help increase and disseminate knowledge related to the development of medical science, pharmacy, and public health. CDK covers the disciplines of medicine, pharmacy, and health with several types of articles, namely: 1. Research 2. Literature review 3. Case report 4. Evidence-based case report (EBCR), systematic review 5. Other scientific articles Based on the SK Kemendikbudristek Nomor 152/E/KPT/2023, CDK has obtained Rank 4 (SINTA 4) for Scientific Journals.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,288 Documents
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Pendekatan Multidimensional Computer Vision Syndrome di Era WFH Ivana Beatrice Alberta; Darvan Sebastian; Natasha Valeska Laksono
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 6 (2021): Kardiologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i6.87

Abstract

Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) merupakan penyebab masalah kesehatan okupasi nomor satu di abad 21. Penerapan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) dan Work from Home (WFH) di Indonesia terkait pandemi COVID-19 dapat meningkatkan risiko CVS. CVS merupakan kumpulan gejala mata akibat aktivitas penglihatan jarak dekat secara terus-menerus selama penggunaan komputer dan gawai. Spektrum CVS meliputi nyeri kepala dan gangguan muskuloskeletal. CVS berdampak pada penurunan produktivitas dan kualitas hidup pekerja. Intervensi faktor risiko, pencegahan, dan tatalaksana perlu ditinjau dari segi kesehatan mata, kesehatan kerja, dan kedokteran fisik. Computer Vision Syndrome is the leading cause of occupational health problems in the 21st century. The practice of large-scale social restrictions and work from home in Indonesia in accordance to COVID-19 pandemic, may increases the number of CVS incidences. CVS is a group of eye and vision symptoms caused by prolonged use of computers and gadgets. The spectrum includes headache and musculoskeletal disorders. These problems cause a decline in productivity and quality of life among workers. Prevention and management need to be assessed from ophthalmology, occupational health, and physiatry perspectives.
Vaksin Influenza dan COVID-19:Sebuah Tinjauan Devinqa Adhimah Amanda; Henry Wijaya; Niluh Ayu Sri Saraswati
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 6 (2021): Kardiologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i6.88

Abstract

Pendahuluan: SARS-CoV-2 merupakan agen virus penyebab COVID-19, penyakit yang menjadi wabah secara global. Gejala infeksi COVID-19 beragam, sebagian besar dengan derajat ringan, namun sekitar 14% mengalami perburukan. Vaksinasi influenza diperkirakan dapat berperan sebagai faktor protektif terhadap COVID-19. Metode: Tinjauan literatur mengenai vaksin influenza dan COVID-19 menggunakan beberapa sumber seperti Google Cendekia, PubMed, dan WHO. Hasil: Influenza dan COVID-19 menunjukkan gejala serta karakteristik kelompok risiko tinggi yang serupa. Koinfeksi virus influenza dapat meningkatkan keparahan gejala COVID-19. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa vaksinasi influenza berasosiasi negatif dengan kematian akibat COVID-19, dan dapat mengurangi keparahan klinis. Mekanisme imunitas bawaan yang dipicu oleh vaksinasi dapat menghasilkan efek protektif, hal ini dapat memberikan peluang yang lebih baik dalam melawan virus. Simpulan: Selain mengurangi risiko koinfeksi influenza dengan COVID-19, vaksin influenza juga dapat berperan sebagai agen protektif terhadap COVID-19. Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 is the viral agent that causes COVID-19, a disease that is becoming a pandemic. The symptoms of COVID-19 arediverse, about 14% of individuals experience deterioration. Influenza vaccination may have a role as a protective factor in COVID-19. Methods: A literature review on influenza vaccine and COVID-19 is conducted using several sources such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and WHO. Results: Influenza and COVID-19 show similar symptoms as well as same characteristics of high-risk groups. Influenza virus co-infection can increase the severity of COVID-19. Previous studies have shown that influenza vaccination was negatively associated with mortality from COVID-19, and could reduce the severity of clinical symptoms. The innate immune mechanism triggered by vaccination could produce a protective effect. Conclusions: Apart from reducing the likelihood of influenza coinfection with COVID-19, influenza vaccine can also act as a protective agent against COVID-19.
Tatalaksana Pasca-Henti Jantung Herick Alvenus Willim; Infan Ketaren; Alice Inda Supit
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 7 (2021): Infeksi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i7.89

Abstract

Sindrom pasca-henti jantung merupakan keadaan kompleks dan kritis dengan mortalitas tinggi. Tatalaksana pasca-henti jantung membutuhkan pendekatan multidisiplin meliputi stabilisasi status kardiopulmoner, penanganan penyebab, strategi neuroproteksi dini, dan pencegahan berulangnya henti jantung. Pendekatan multimodal diperlukan untuk prediksi keluaran neurologis. Post-cardiac arrest syndrome is complex and critical condition associated with high mortality. Post-cardiac arrest management needs multidisciplinary approach including stabilization of cardiopulmonary status, managing the underlying cause, early neuroprotective strategy, and prevention of recurrent cardiac arrest. Multimodal approach is needed to predict neurological outcome.
Terapi Psoriasis di Era Pandemi COVID-19 Marsha Kurniawan; Franklind Matthew
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 7 (2021): Infeksi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i7.90

Abstract

Psoriasis merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronis kulit dengan predisposisi genetik dan autoimun yang kuat. Prevalensi psoriasis di seluruh dunia adalah 0,09% sampai 5,1%, bervariasi antar negara. Psoriasis dikarakteristikkan dengan lesi plak eritematosa yang dilapisi skuama tebal putih keabuan, biasanya memiliki predileksi simestris di siku, lutut, trunk, dan scalp. Terapi sebagian besar menggunakan imunomodulator atau imunosupresan untuk psoriasis derajat sedang hingga berat. Sudah terdapat beberapa penelitian efek samping dan rekomendasi dosis obatobatan di era COVID-19. Penggunaan terapi tersebut dalam era pandemi COVID-19 harus hati-hati dan tetap menjaga imunitas pasien. Psoriasis is a chronic skin inflammatory disease with a strong genetic and autoimmune predisposition. The prevalence of psoriasis worldwide is 0.09% to 5.1%, varies among countries. Psoriasis is characterized by erythematous plaque lesions covered in thick gray-white scales, usually have a symmetrical predilection on the elbows, knees, trunk, and scalp. Immunomodulators or immunosuppressants are commonly used for moderate to severe psoriasis. There have been several studies on side effects and recommendations for the necessary dosage adjustments in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Careful use is important to maintain patient’s immunity
Association between Bubble Tea Consumption and Prevalence of Acne Vulgaris Devina Subagio; Asih Budiastuti; Yulian Ludovicus Aryoko Widodo; Puguh Riyanto
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 7 (2021): Infeksi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i7.91

Abstract

Introduction: Acne vulgaris (AV) is one of the most common skin disorders among youth. A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the association between bubble tea consumption and the prevalence of acne vulgaris among medical students. Method: Subjects were obtained from consecutive sampling. There were 91 eligible subjects meeting inclusion criteria. Data was collected using questionnaires. Examinations were through the observation of photographs of lesions. Chi-square analysis was conducted at a 95% confidence interval (p<0.05). Results: Data were collected from 91 medical students with a mean age of 19.62+0.98-year-old. The prevalence of acne was 58.2%, mainly at the age of 20 (37.7%). There is a significant association between consumption of bubble tea and the prevalence of AV (p<0.001). Conclusion: Bubble tea consumption is associated with the prevalence of acne vulgaris. Pendahuluan: Akne vulgaris merupakan salah satu penyakit kulit yang umum dialami pada dewasa muda. Metode: Penelitian observasional cross-sectional untuk mengetahui asosiasi konsumsi bubble tea dengan kejadian akne vulgaris. Sampel diambil dengan metode consecutive sampling menghasilkan 91 mahasiswa yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pengambilan data primer dengan kuesioner. Pemeriksaan fisik observasi kulit responden dengan foto. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan tingkat kemaknaan p<0,05. Hasil: Angka kejadian akne vulgaris adalah 58,2%, dengan rata-rata usia 19,62+0,98; usia terbanyak penderita adalah 20 tahun (37,7%). Terdapat asosiasi bermakna antara konsumsi bubble tea dan kejadian akne vulgaris (p<0,001). Simpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan hubungan bermakna antara konsumsi bubble tea dan kejadian akne vulgaris.
Mikrobiom pada Genitalia Laki-Laki dan Hubungannya dengan Infeksi Menular Seksual Mikhael San Putra Wijanarko
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 7 (2021): Infeksi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i7.92

Abstract

Mikrobiom adalah keseluruhan mikroorganisme, genom, dan kondisi lingkungan sekitar di dalam ekosistem tertentu, seperti kulit. Tubuh manusia menjadi tempat berbagai macam mikrobiota, yang diketahui memiliki peran penting. Bukti pertama mikrobiota traktus urogenital laki-laki berasal dari beberapa penelitian berbasis kultur pada tahun 1970-an. Mikrobiota genital pada anak dan dewasa berbeda; lokasi, komposisi urin, pengaruh sirkumsisi, dan aktivitas seksual juga memengaruhi keragaman. Mikrobiota genital laki-laki dapat berkaitan dengan infeksi menular seksual seperti uretritis, ulkus genital, HIV, balanitis, serta interaksi dengan mikrobiota genital perempuan dan rektum lelaki seks dengan lelaki. Microbiome is a whole community that consists of microorganisms, genomes, and surrounding environmental conditions inside certain ecosystems, such as human skin. Human body is a habitat to a variety of important microbiota. The first evidence of male urogenital tract microbiota came from several culture-based studies in the 1970s. Genital microbiota in children and adults is different; location, urine composition, the effect of circumcision, and sexual activity also cause a diversity of microbiota. Male genital microbiota is also associated with sexually transmitted infections such as urethritis, genital ulcers, HIV, balanitis, and interactions with female genital microbiota and rectum of men who have sex with men.
Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria Cecile Siauw
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 7 (2021): Infeksi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i7.93

Abstract

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) merupakan kelainan sel hematopoesis didapat yang menyebabkan hemolisis intravaskular dan berisiko tinggi trombosis. PNH terdiri dari PNH klasik, PNH terkait kegagalan sumsum tulang, dan PNH subklinis. Diagnosis PNH dengan flow cytometry (FCM). Terapi PNH saat ini menggunakan eculizumab, ravulizumab, dan transplantasi sel punca alogenik. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired disorder of hematopoietic stem cell causing intravascular hemolysis and high risk of thrombosis. It can be differentiated into: classical PNH, PNH associated with bone marrow failure, and subclinical PNH. Diagnosis is made by flow cytometry. PNH is treated with eculizumab, ravulizumab, and allogenic stem cell transplantation.
Tatalaksana Melanoma Maligna Kutaneus Rudi Chandra
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 7 (2021): Infeksi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i7.94

Abstract

Melanoma merupakan suatu tumor maligna dari melanosit, dengan lokasi paling sering adalah kulit (95% kasus). Tatalaksana melanoma tergantung stadium saat diagnosis; dengan pembedahan masih merupakan pilihan utama. Pengobatan melanoma primer adalah bedah eksisi definitif dengan batas eksisi berdasarkan ketebalan tumor. Pada keterlibatan nodus limfatikus regional, dapat dilakukan diseksi elektif komplit. Pada rekurensi lokal dilakukan bedah reseksi komplit dengan penutupan luka primer atau eksisi lokal luas disertai skin grafting ataupun penutupan flap. Metastasis melanoma dibedakan menjadi metastasis kulit atau jauh. Tatalaksana metastasis melanoma dapat berupa terapi sistemik (targeted therapy, terapi imun, dan kemoterapi) dan/atau radiasi. Terapi adjuvan diberikan hanya untuk pasien tanpa bukti metastasis tetapi berisiko tinggi penyebaran tumor lebih lanjut. Melanoma is a malignant tumor of melanocytes, the most frequent location is in the skin (95% cases). Management of melanoma depends on the stage at diagnosis. Surgery is still the main choice of therapy. Treatment of primary melanoma is definitive excision surgery with excision limit based on the thickness of the tumor. In regional lymph node involvement, complete elective dissection can be performed. In local recurrence, complete resection is performed with primary wound closure or extensive local excision with skin grafting or flap closure. Treatment of melanoma metastasis can be divided into skin metastases or distant. Management of melanoma metastases can be systemic therapy (targeted therapy, immune therapy, and chemotherapy) and radiation. Adjuvant therapy is only given to patients without evidence of metastasis but is at high risk for further spread of the tumor.
Katarak Kongenital: Skrining dan Diagnosis Junetta Airene Priskila Taba
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 7 (2021): Infeksi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i7.95

Abstract

Katarak kongenital merupakan kekeruhan lensa yang terjadi sejak lahir dan berpotensi menyebabkan gangguan penglihatan hingga kebutaan. Pemeriksaan red reflex pada bayi baru lahir sangat penting untuk deteksi dini kelainan tersebut. Pemeriksaan mata lanjutan untuk diagnosis antara lain slit-lamp, ultrasound, funduskopi, serta tajam penglihatan. Katarak kongenital yang mengganggu fungsi penglihatan dapat ditatalaksana dengan teknik operasi. Congenital cataract is lens opacity that occurs since birth and can potentially cause visual impairment, even blindness. Red reflex examination in newborn is very important for early screening. Further diagnostic eye examination includes slit lamp, ultrasound, funduscopy, and visual acuity. Congenital cataract that impairs vision can be managed surgically.
Anensefali Diduga Akibat Defisiensi Asam Folat Grace Erdiana
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 48 No 7 (2021): Infeksi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v48i7.96

Abstract

Anensefali merupakan bagian dari Neural Tube Defect (NTD) yang disebabkan kegagalan penutupan tabung saraf. Salah satu faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap anensefali adalah kurangnya asam folat saat masa prekonsepsi dan awal kehamilan. Dilaporkan seorang wanita G3P1A1 umur 25 tahun dengan usia kehamilan 40 minggu, cukup bulan dan janin anensefali. Riwayat persalinan sebelumnya tidak pernah mengalami hal serupa. Selama hamil pasien tidak pernah mengonsumsi asam folat. Pasien melahirkan per vaginam, bayi anensefali meninggal 4 jam setelah dilahirkan. Kondisi pasien stabil dan diperbolehkan pulang. Anencephaly is part of Neural Tube Deffect (NTD) caused by failure of neural tube closure. One of the most influential factors is folic acid deficiency during preconception and early pregnancy. Case: G3P1A1 woman aged 25 years with 40 weeks of gestation, presented in emergency unit with aterm pregnancy with anencephaly. Previous childbirth history is negative. During pregnancy, patient never consumes folic acid. The baby was vaginally delivered, died 4 hours after birth. Patient was discharged with stable condition.

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