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Disaster in Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published by Popular Scientist Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 3089722X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.70028/dcea
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Earth & Planetary Sciences Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Disaster in Civil Engineering and Architecture is an international, peer-reviewed, gold open-access journal. It covers both natural and man-made events that severely affect infrastructure, buildings, and the environment. The journal emphasizes the importance of resilient design, thorough planning, and effective management to reduce loss of life, economic damage, and societal disruption. Disaster in Civil Engineering and Architecture is dedicated to providing a rapid publication platform for impactful research worldwide. The journal upholds the quality and integrity of published work through a rigorous peer-review process. Disaster in Civil Engineering and Architecture invites submissions of research papers, case reports, and review studies. The journal is published twice a year, in April and October. Disaster in Civil Engineering and Architecture features an Editorial Board composed of specialists across various fields, ensuring that reviews are prompt, fair, and conducted by experts in all relevant sub-disciplines of the journal.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Sipil dan Struktur
Articles 23 Documents
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Enhancing Flood Resilience in Coastal Areas by Investigating Issues and Countermeasures Using Digital Twin Technology Azlan, Nur Arina Amirah; Abdul Rahman, Abdul Rahimi; Ishiyaku, Bala; Alias, Ahmad Rizal
Disaster in Civil Engineering and Architecture Vol. 1 No. 1: October 2024
Publisher : Popular Scientist

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70028/dcea.v1i1.7

Abstract

The impact of flooding requires innovative solutions for enhancing flood preparedness and reducing societal and economic losses. This study explores the potential of digital twin technology as an innovative tool for flood predictions, enabling real-time monitoring and data integration, contributing to developing more resilient communities and reducing flood risks. This study aims to enhance coastal flood resilience in Malaysia by examining challenges and strategies by applying digital twin technology. The objectives of the study are (1) to identify issues and countermeasures of flood in coastal areas (2) to compare the most relevant issues and countermeasures of flood in the coastal area for different organizations for application in digital twin technology and (3) to analyses the interrelationship among organization for application in digital twin technology in Malaysia. The survey gathered collaboration data from 122 participants, comprising clients, consultants, and contractors. Finally, the data were analysed using each criterion's mean score ranking, normalization techniques, Kruskal-Wallis's, spearman correlation, and overlap analysis. The top 4 critical issues are F05, F07, F06, and F02. The high cost of implementation due to the increased amount of sensor and computational resources needed is considered the most critical. While for the top 3 countermeasures are S04, S06, and S07. Improved planning and prediction for floods are considered the highest rank among the countermeasures. The findings of this study will provide practical insights for organizational practitioners in identifying critical elements and countermeasures when implementing digital twin technology in Malaysia. Future industry studies can build on the strong foundation laid by this research, deepening the understanding of digital twin applications in flood management and risk reduction.  
Assessing the Viability of Wood Ash as a Filler in Asphalt Mixtures Mior Sani, Wan Noor Hin; Shahrom, Nur Shahirah Shahrom; Ab Rashid, Rozalina; Abdul Hassan, Norhidayah; Al-Saffar, Zaid Hazim; Hashim, Mohd Hazree
Disaster in Civil Engineering and Architecture Vol. 1 No. 1: October 2024
Publisher : Popular Scientist

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70028/dcea.v1i1.9

Abstract

Waste management is increasingly crucial worldwide, and integrating agro-waste into pavement construction offers a promising approach for sustainability and enhanced material properties. This research investigates the use of wood ash as a filler in asphalt mixtures, using varying proportions of 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% replacement by weight of asphalt. Experimental tests, including softening point, penetration, Marshall stability and flow, indirect tensile strength, and abrasion loss, were conducted to assess the influence of wood ash on asphalt mixture properties. The findings reveal that wood ash can improve certain performance aspects such as stiffness and density at an optimal content of 4%, balancing tensile strength and flow properties. However, higher wood ash percentages negatively affected the mixture's overall durability and stability. These results underscore the importance of optimizing wood ash content to enhance asphalt performance. This study demonstrates that wood ash is a sustainable alternative to conventional fillers in asphalt production, contributing to environmental conservation and waste management. Further research is recommended to explore various aggregate gradations, binder types, and the potential of wood ash as an asphalt modifier for quality improvement. Such studies are vital for advancing pavement technology, improving infrastructure quality, and addressing environmental challenges.
Performance Evaluation of Grated Coconut Waste as a Bitumen Modifier Mior Sani, Wan Noor Hin; Wan Ahmad Sofian, Wan Mohamad Faizrul Hakimi; Mohd Amin, Syarini; Mahmud, Mohd Zul hanif; Rogo, Kabiru Usman; Hashim, Mohd Hazree
Disaster in Civil Engineering and Architecture Vol. 1 No. 1: October 2024
Publisher : Popular Scientist

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70028/dcea.v1i1.10

Abstract

Coconut is extensively utilized in everyday existence, with around 3.18 million tonnes of waste, including grated coconut, being generated. Utilizing grated coconut waste as an ingredient in bitumen could alleviate the challenges encountered by environmental authorities. This study aimed to examine the impact of grated coconut waste on the characteristics of bitumen and evaluate its performance in the bitumen mixture. A mixture of bitumen 60/70 penetration grade and grated coconut waste was created, with varying percentages of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%. The mechanical qualities of grated coconut waste as a bitumen modifier were assessed using several tests, including the indirect tensile strength test and the Marshall stability test. The physical and mechanical characteristics of grated coconut waste as a modifier for bitumen were assessed utilizing tests for softening point test and penetration test. Based on this study, the findings for physical properties of penetration and softening point test, the used up until 3% grated coconut waste can give effect to the bitumen stiffness. One of the more significant findings to emerge from this study is that higher stability and tensile strength of 1% grated coconut waste at 10420 N and 271 kPa, respectively. In conclusion, the used of 1% grated coconut waste as a bitumen modifier resulted the positive effect to the physical properties and mechanical properties of the bitumen mixture.
Exploring the Factors and Impacts of Flash Floods Vulnerability in Various Areas of Malaysia: A Content Analysis Saad, Mohammad Syamsyul Hairi; Ali, Mohamad Idris; Razi, Putri Zulaiha; Ramli, Noram Irwan; Putra Jaya, Ramadhansyah
Disaster in Civil Engineering and Architecture Vol. 1 No. 1: October 2024
Publisher : Popular Scientist

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70028/dcea.v1i1.11

Abstract

The rising flash floods disrupt communities, damage infrastructure, and strain economic resources, highlighting the urgent need for effective flood management strategies. This study examines the causes and impact of flash floods in Malaysia to provide a holistic understanding and actionable insights for flood risk management. A comprehensive content analysis was performed from 2013 to 2023, utilizing scholarly articles, governmental reports, and newspaper data. The research identifies key causes contributing to flash flood vulnerability, including inadequate drainage systems, rapid urbaniza-tion, reclamation projects, developer negligence, and insufficient urban planning as specific activities associated with new development projects. These activities disrupt natural water flows, increasing runoff and flood risks. The analysis indicates that flash floods disrupt daily life and economic activities, such as the construction industry, leading to project delays and in-creased costs. This research contributes significantly to flood risk manage-ment by highlighting the importance of integrating resilient design tech-niques, enhanced coordination among local authorities, enforcing stricter regulations, and promoting sustainable development practices. It provides a foundation for future research and policymaking aimed at reducing flash flood vulnerability. The findings recommend future of flood management lies in breaking down silos between engineering, planning, and environmen-tal management, ensuring that guidelines such as MASMA, NPP, and the USMM work in unison toward a common goal of flood resilience.
Disaster and Rehabilitation in Civil Engineering Munirwan, Reza Pahlevi; Putra Jaya, Ramadhansyah; Mohd Taib, Aizat
Disaster in Civil Engineering and Architecture Vol. 1 No. 1: October 2024
Publisher : Popular Scientist

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70028/dcea.v1i1.15

Abstract

We are excited to announce the launch of the 2024 edition of the Disasters in Civil Engineering and Architecture journal. In this first volume, the issue focuses on the impact of natural and man-made disasters on civil infrastructure and the methods employed to rehabilitate and restore damaged systems. Civil engineers play a critical role in disaster management, from risk assessment and mitigation strategies to post-disaster recovery.
Exploring the Potential of Waste Cooking Oil in Enhancing Warm Mix Asphalt Performance Hamzah, Ahmad Mujahid; Mior Sani, Wan Noor Hin; Mawardi, Indra; Yacoob, Haryati; Rogo, Kabiru Usman; Hashim, Mohd Hazree
Disaster in Civil Engineering and Architecture Vol. 2 No. 1: April 2025
Publisher : Popular Scientist

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70028/dcea.v2i2.23

Abstract

The growing need for sustainable materials in road construction has led to the investigation of waste cooking oil (WCO) as a modifier for warm mix asphalt (WMA). This study evaluates the effects of chemically treated WCO on the mechanical properties of WMA, focusing on stability, resilient modulus, and dynamic creep performance. WCO was treated through transesterification and incorporated into 60/70 penetration grade asphalt at various dosages (0%, 3%, 4%, and 5% by weight of asphalt). The results showed that a 3% WCO-modified asphalt achieved the highest stability and acceptable resilient modulus, while maintaining satisfactory rutting resistance. Higher WCO content led to reduced stiffness and creep performance due to excessive softening. The study concludes that treated WCO can enhance WMA performance when used in optimal amounts, contributing to sustainable pavement practices.
Seismic Performance Assessment of Regular and Irregular RC Buildings Under BNBC 2020 Using ETABS Mahi, Md. Saniul Haque; Ridoy, Tanjun Ashravi; Hasan, Sakibul
Disaster in Civil Engineering and Architecture Vol. 2 No. 1: April 2025
Publisher : Popular Scientist

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70028/dcea.v1i2.28

Abstract

Seismic performance analysis is crucial to guaranteeing the structural safety of buildings, particularly in seismic-prone locations. This study examines the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with regular and irregular plan forms using ETABS v17 and the Equivalent Static Force Procedure (ESFP) based on the Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) 2020. This study focuses on the major earthquake characteristics such lateral displacement, story drift, base shear, torsional irregularity, and overturning moment. Seven alternative plan forms, including rectangle, square, T, U, W, H, and L-shaped structures, were examined to assess the impact of geometric imperfections on seismic response. The results demonstrate that irregular structures endure substantially greater lateral displacement and story drift than regular designs, particularly above the seventh story, which renders them more sensitive to seismic activity. The W-shaped structure maintained the largest base shear, but torsional irregularity was more noticeable in T, U, and H-shaped structures, showing their sensitivity to rotational impacts. Overturning moment study also suggested that irregular structures are more sensitive to instability induced by non-uniform distribution of pressures. All these discoveries underscore the requirement of optimal structural design, superior lateral load-resisting systems, and suitable reinforcing to limit seismic threats. The study emphasizes the need for compliance with seismic design codes and recommends that the incorporation of shear walls, bracing systems, and moment-resisting frames would be able to improve seismic strength. Future research should take into account sophisticated nonlinear dynamic analysis and retrofitting solutions to further increase the seismic resilience of irregular high-rise buildings.
Enhancing Urban Resilience: Mapping School Community Preparedness for Tsunami Disasters in Coastal Banda Aceh Rizky, Muhammad Riza; Zuraidi, Evalina; Aulia, Fahmi
Disaster in Civil Engineering and Architecture Vol. 2 No. 1: April 2025
Publisher : Popular Scientist

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70028/dcea.v1i2.30

Abstract

Urban resilience against tsunami risks requires robust preparedness within educational institutions, particularly in high-risk coastal regions. This study assesses the disaster preparedness levels of senior high schools in the coastal districts of Meuraxa and Kuta Raja, Banda Aceh, employing a comprehensive mapping approach (LIPI-UNESCO/ISDR) to evaluate knowledge, preparedness policy, emergency planning, warning systems, and resource mobilization. Data were collected through questionnaires targeting school administrators, teachers, and students. The findings reveal significant disparities in preparedness levels, with SMAN 6 Banda Aceh demonstrating higher readiness compared to SMAS Al-Misbah, which exhibited the lowest scores across all dimensions. The absence of standardized disaster management policies and inadequate institutional preparedness were identified as critical challenges. The study underscores the urgent need for integrated disaster education, routine evacuation drills, and well-coordinated emergency response strategies to enhance school and community resilience. Furthermore, it advocates for a collaborative approach involving local authorities, educators, and disaster management agencies to embed disaster preparedness into the urban resilience framework. By mapping preparedness levels, this research provides actionable insights for policymakers to develop targeted interventions and promote sustainable disaster resilience strategies. Future research should expand to other vulnerable coastal areas and assess the long-term impacts of preparedness initiatives to ensure effective risk reduction.
3D Reconstruction of a Precast Concrete Bridge for Damage Inspection Using Images from Low-Cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Bala Muhammad, Ismail; Moses Omoniyi, Tope; Omoebamije, Oluwaseun; Mohammed, Abba-Gana; Samson, Duna
Disaster in Civil Engineering and Architecture Vol. 2 No. 1: April 2025
Publisher : Popular Scientist

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70028/dcea.v1i2.31

Abstract

Early damage detection in bridges is fundamental to their continued safety, and therefore of utmost importance to the bridge managers and policy makers. The traditional visual inspection which is the common practice for bridge inspection is inefficient, time-consuming, costly, risky, subjective and require the expertise of highly qualified inspectors. Consequently, the use of unmanned aerial systems (UASs) has gained significant attention in the area of bridge inspection. Most UAVs are quite expensive, ranging between $8000-$25000 for the best categories. It however requires the use of UAV equipped with high-cost sensors and longer battery duration, and adequate man power for real-time inspection. The expense of the UAV based inspection makes it unaffordable for many African countries. More recently, 3D models are increasingly deployed for image-based damage identification in bridges and other structures. The 3D models are constructed inform of a digital twin, and allow for computerized inspection using low-cost drones. This paper presents 3D Reconstruction approach for damage inspection and condition assessment of a bridge using images from low-cost unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The overall approach was illustrated in form of a case study on a precast concrete bridge. The 3D Reconstructed model of the bridge was virtually inspected to detect damages such as cracks, delamination, concrete deterioration, etc. The results showed that 3D reconstruction using low-cost UAV has great potential in its applications in bridge assessment.
Soil Stabilization Using Xanthan Gum: An Eco-Friendly Approach to Improve Peat Soil Properties Sulaiman, Haspina; Yahya, Suzielahyati; Mohd Amin, Nur Alya Amirah
Disaster in Civil Engineering and Architecture Vol. 2 No. 1: April 2025
Publisher : Popular Scientist

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70028/dcea.v1i2.34

Abstract

Peat soil presents significant challenges in geotechnical engineering due to its high moisture content, low shear strength, and high compressibility, making it unsuitable for construction. Traditional stabilization methods such as cement and lime have been widely used but raise environmental concerns due to their high carbon emissions. This study explores the effectiveness of xanthan gum, a biodegradable biopolymer, as an alternative stabilizing agent for peat soil. The research aims to assess its impact on moisture content regulation, plasticity behavior, compaction characteristics, and overall soil stability. A series of laboratory experiments, including Atterberg limits tests, moisture content analysis, and compaction tests, were conducted to evaluate the engineering properties of xanthan gum-treated peat soil. Three xanthan gum concentrations (0%, 2%, and 4% by weight) were tested to determine the optimal dosage for soil stabilization. The results indicate that xanthan gum significantly reduces moisture content, with a decrease from 135.42% in untreated soil to 39.5% at 4% xanthan gum concentration. The liquid limit and plastic limit increased, indicating enhanced soil cohesion and workability. Compaction tests revealed that while 2% xanthan gum resulted in lower dry density, 4% xanthan gum improved compaction efficiency, suggesting an optimal concentration range for stabilization. The study confirms that xanthan gum is an effective, sustainable alternative to traditional soil stabilizers, providing significant benefits in peat soil stabilization. However, further research is needed to investigate its long-term durability under environmental variations, large-scale field applications, and hybrid stabilization techniques. By addressing these challenges, xanthan gum could become a mainstream solution for sustainable geotechnical engineering applications.

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