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Pure Chemistry Research
Published by Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara
ISSN : -     EISSN : 31104444     DOI : https://doi.org/10.70716/purechem
Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry
Pure Chemistry Research (PURECHEM) (e-ISSN: 3110-4444) is an open access and peer reviewed journal published by Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara (PUBLINE Institute). PURECHEM is devoted to the dissemination of new and original knowledge in all branches of chemistry. The result of research and development in the fields of chemistry in both experimental and theory/ computation, chemical-based technological innovations, and chemical applications in industrial fields. The journal publishes original research articles or review articles in organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry, physical chemistry, biochemistry, computational chemistry and environmental chemistry.
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 16 Documents
 1   2 
Uji Potensi Karbon Aktif Berbahan Kulit Durian Sebagai Media Immobilisasi Asam Lemak Hidroksamat Muhsinun Muhsinun; Syamsul Hidayat; Emsal Yanuar
Pure Chemistry Research Vol. 1 No. 2: Pure Chemistry Research, December 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/purechem.v1i2.366

Abstract

The utilization of biomass waste as a raw material for functional materials represents a sustainable approach in the development of carbon-based materials. This study aims to evaluate the potential of activated carbon derived from durian peel as a support for the immobilization of fatty hydroxamic acids. Activated carbon was synthesized through sequential stages of raw material preparation, carbonization, and chemical activation to produce a porous material with surface properties favorable for immobilization processes. The characterization results indicate the formation of a well-developed porous structure along with the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups, which play a crucial role in interactions with fatty hydroxamic acids. Fatty hydroxamic acids were synthesized from vegetable oil and employed as the target compounds in the immobilization process. Immobilization was carried out using a direct contact method between the activated carbon and the fatty hydroxamic acid solution under controlled conditions. The results demonstrate that durian peel–based activated carbon effectively immobilizes fatty hydroxamic acids through a combination of physical adsorption mechanisms and chemical interactions on the carbon surface. The immobilization efficiency obtained indicates that pore characteristics and surface functional groups of the activated carbon strongly influence its performance as an immobilization medium. Stability tests further reveal that the immobilized system exhibits satisfactory resistance to washing and repeated use. Overall, this study confirms that activated carbon derived from durian peel has significant potential as an immobilization medium for chemical compounds, while simultaneously adding value to biomass waste and supporting the development of environmentally friendly materials for chemical and environmental applications.
Sintesis Dan Karakterisasi Karbon Aktif Terdoping Nitrogen Dari Limbah Kulit Kopi Arabika Bali Melalui Aktivasi Kimia Untuk Aplikasi Elektroda Superkapasitor Muhammad Samsudin; Ilham Muzammir; Fandi Pradana
Pure Chemistry Research Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Pure Chemistry Research, June 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/purechem.v2i1.534

Abstract

Spent This study aimed to synthesize and characterize nitrogen-doped activated carbon derived from Bali. Arabica coffee husk waste through chemical activation and to evaluate its potential as a supercapacitor electrode material. Coffee husk waste was initially carbonized under a nitrogen atmosphere and subsequently activated using potassium hydroxide (KOH) to develop a porous structure and enhance the specific surface area. Nitrogen doping was then carried out using a nitrogen-rich precursor through thermal treatment at elevated temperatures. Material characterization was performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and elemental composition analysis to investigate the morphology, pore structure, and surface functional groups of the carbon material. The results demonstrated that chemical activation successfully produced a hierarchical porous structure consisting of micropores and mesopores with a high specific surface area. SEM observations revealed a well-developed porous network, while FTIR and elemental analyses confirmed the successful incorporation of nitrogen atoms into the carbon matrix. The presence of nitrogen contributed to enhanced electrical conductivity, the formation of additional active sites, and improved electrode–electrolyte interactions. Electrochemical evaluation using cyclic voltammetry (CV) exhibited predominantly capacitive behavior with a notable pseudocapacitive contribution originating from nitrogen-containing functional groups. The nitrogen-doped activated carbon exhibited higher specific capacitance, excellent cycling stability, and high coulombic efficiency compared with the undoped carbon material. These findings demonstrate that the combination of chemical activation and nitrogen doping effectively improves the structural characteristics and electrochemical performance of activated carbon. The utilization of Bali Arabica coffee husk waste as a carbon precursor offers a sustainable, environmentally friendly, and value-added approach for developing high-performance electrode materials for modern energy storage applications.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Asam Fosfat (H₃PO₄) terhadap Struktur Pori dan Kinerja Adsorpsi Karbon Aktif Kulit Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) terhadap Metilen Biru Rindy Julyantika; Erna Purwantiningtyas; Yuliana Rahman
Pure Chemistry Research Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Pure Chemistry Research, June 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/purechem.v2i1.634

Abstract

Mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana L.) is an abundant lignocellulosic biomass waste with a high carbon content, making it a promising precursor for the production of activated carbon. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) concentration on pore structure development and the adsorption performance of mangosteen peel-derived activated carbon for the removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution. Activated carbon was prepared through carbonization at 500 °C, followed by chemical activation using H₃PO₄ at concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. The resulting materials were characterized in terms of yield, moisture content, ash content, iodine number, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. Adsorption performance was evaluated using batch adsorption experiments, while adsorption equilibrium and kinetics were analyzed using isotherm and kinetic models. The results demonstrated that increasing the H₃PO₄ concentration up to 30% significantly enhanced pore structure development, resultingin a specific surface area of 872 m²/g, a pore volume of 0.47 cm³/g, and an iodine number of 836 mg/g. Under these optimum conditions, the activated carbon achieved a methylene blue adsorption capacity of136 mg/g with a removal efficiency of 84.8%. Statistical analysis revealed that variations in H₃PO₄ concentration significantly affected the adsorption capacity (p = 0.0008). Adsorption equilibrium was best described by the Langmuir isotherm model (R² = 0.978), with a theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of 145.6 mg/g, whereas the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model (R² = 0.986). These findings indicate that chemical activation with 30% H₃PO₄ represents the optimum condition for producing mangosteen peel-derived activated carbon with well-developed pore structures and high adsorption performance, highlighting its potential as an environmentally friendly adsorbent for dye-contaminated wastewater treatment.
Integrasi Studi In Vitro dan In Silico dalam Evaluasi Potensi Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus Jackie Petrus Ambaruka; Iqbal Yusuf; Irfan Dwi Sasono
Pure Chemistry Research Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Pure Chemistry Research, June 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/purechem.v2i1.635

Abstract

Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) is a medicinal plant rich in phenolic compounds and has considerable potential as a natural antibacterial agent to address the growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of red ginger ethanolic extract against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus using an integrated in vitro and in silico approach. The extract was prepared by maceration with 96% ethanol and evaluated using the disk diffusion method at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test at a significance level of α = 0.05. The in silico analysis was performed through molecular docking against the DNA gyrase enzyme using four major bioactive compounds of red ginger, namely 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol, and 6-shogaol. The results demonstrated that increasing extract concentration significantly enhanced antibacterial activity (p < 0.001). The highest inhibition zones were observed at the 100% extract concentration, reaching 16.57 ± 0.42 mm against E. coli and 19.13 ± 0.35 mm against S. aureus, although chloramphenicol, used as the positive control, produced larger inhibition zones. Staphylococcus aureus exhibited greater susceptibility to the extract than E. coli. Molecular docking analysis revealed that all tested bioactive compounds showed favorable binding affinities toward DNA gyrase, with 10-gingerol exhibiting the lowest binding affinity (−8.0 kcal/mol), indicating the most stable ligand–protein interaction. The integration of in vitro and in silico findings suggests that the antibacterial activity of red ginger ethanolic extract may involve disruption of bacterial cell membrane integrity as well as potential inhibition of DNA gyrase. These findings support the potential application of red ginger as a promising natural antibacterial agent and provide a scientific basis for further investigations involving minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), toxicity assessment, and instrumental characterization of its bioactive compounds. 
Peran Pretreatment Deep Eutectic Solvent (Kolin Klorida– Gliserol) dalam Peningkatan Produksi Bioetanol dari Limbah Kulit Pisang melalui Fermentasi Saccharomyces cerevisiae Irfani Ghufran Hamid; Alkanda Kurnia; Muhammad Romi
Pure Chemistry Research Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Pure Chemistry Research, June 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/purechem.v2i1.660

Abstract

Banana peel is a lignocellulosic agricultural waste with considerable potential as a feedstock for second�generation bioethanol production. However, the presence of lignin imparts structural recalcitrance to the biomass, limiting hydrolysis efficiency and reducing the conversion of polysaccharides into fermentable sugars. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pretreatment duration using a choline chloride–glycerol�based Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) on lignocellulosic composition, reducing sugar concentration, bioethanol production, and fermentation efficiency. A completely randomized design (CRD) with a single experimental factor was employed, consisting of four treatments: untreated biomass (control) and DES pretreatment for 1, 2, and 3 h, each performed in triplicate. The pretreated biomass was hydrolyzed using 2% H₂SO₄ and subsequently fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae for five days. Lignocellulosic composition was determined using the Chesson method, reducing sugar concentration was quantified by the dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) assay, and bioethanol concentration was analyzed using gas chromatography. Data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey's post hoc test at a significance level of p < 0.05. Pretreatment duration significantly affected all measured parameters (p < 0.05). DES pretreatment for 3 h produced the lowest lignin content (10.1 ± 0.4%), the highest cellulose content (31.8 ± 0.8%), a reducing sugar concentration of 41.8 ± 1.5 g/L, a bioethanol concentration of 11.7 ± 0.4% (v/v), a bioethanol yield of 58.5 ± 2.0%, and a fermentation efficiency of 82.4%. These findings demonstrate that choline chloride–glycerol-based DES pretreatment for 3 h represents the optimum condition for enhancing the conversion of banana peel biomass into bioethanol by improving delignification, hydrolysis efficiency, and fermentation performance.
Akumulasi Timbal (Pb) dan Kadmium (Cd) pada Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Budidaya Keramba Sungai serta Kaitannya dengan Kualitas Perairan di Desa Lingsar, Lombok Barat, Nusa Tenggara Barat Feby Fabiola; Muammar Zulfie Ali; Baiq Friska Mutiasari
Pure Chemistry Research Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Pure Chemistry Research, June 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/purechem.v2i1.669

Abstract

Heavy metal contamination in aquaculture waters can degrade environmental quality and pose a threat to food safety through bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms. This study aimed to investigate the accumulation of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in water and the muscle tissue of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultured in floating net cages along the Lingsar River, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, and to evaluate its relationship with water quality parameters. A field survey was conducted using a purposive sampling approach at three sampling stations representing the upstream, midstream, and downstream sections of the river. Water quality parameters, including temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and total dissolved solids (TDS), were measured, while Pb and Cd concentrations were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The results indicated that the water quality remained suitable for Nile tilapia culture, with temperature ranging from 26.8 to 28.1°C, pH from 6.91 to 7.42, DO from 5.67 to 6.82 mg/L, and TDS from 118 to 156 mg/L. Lead and cadmium concentrations in water ranged from 0.006 to 0.013 mg/L and 0.001 to 0.003 mg/L, respectively, whereas their concentrations in fish muscle tissue ranged from 0.12 to 0.26 mg/kg and 0.021 to 0.047 mg/kg, respectively. Both metals exhibited an increasing accumulation trend from the upstream to the downstream sections of the river. Decreases in pH and dissolved oxygen were associated with increased Pb and Cd accumulation in fish muscle tissue. Although the concentrations of both metals remained below the maximum permissible limits for fishery products, their presence indicates the need for continuous water quality monitoring and effective management of pollution sources to ensure environmental sustainability and food safety.

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