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Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas
Published by LEMIGAS
ISSN : 20893361     EISSN : 25410520     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy
The Scientific Contributions for Oil and Gas is the official journal of the Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS for the dissemination of information on research activities, technology engineering development and laboratory testing in the oil and gas field. Manuscripts in English are accepted from all in any institutions, college and industry oil and gas throughout the country and overseas.
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Teknologi Bahan Bakar
Articles 619 Documents
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STUDY ON DEVELOPING APPROPRIATE UNLEADED GASOLINE SPECIFICATION FOR INDONESIA (2000-2010) Rasdinal Ibrahim; Adiwar Adiwar; Mardono Mardono
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 25 No 2 (2002)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.25.2.1068

Abstract

Automotive fuels are significant sources of air pollution in most metropolitan areas. Motor gasoline is responsible for emission of carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx) which all have adverse impacts on the environment and public health. In line with the implementation of Blue Sky Program, revision of the current gasoline specification needs be taken to improve the quality of Indonesia's gasoline to meet vehicle engine technology and environmental requirement with the global fuel specification harmonization as formulated in the World Wide Fuel Charter as reference. This study on developing of appropriate unleaded gasoline specification in Indonesia consists of examination of the key properties that influence the emissions, status and trend of current gasoline specification, comparison of Indonesia's gasoline specification with other countries and recommendation of the new unleaded gasoline specification options that match the implementation of Blue Sky Program in Indonesia and the scenario for its implementation.
STUDY OF HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT AND MANAGEMENT FOR THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRIES M. Mulyono; R. Desrina; Evita H. Legowo
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 25 No 2 (2002)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.25.2.1069

Abstract

Study of hazardous waste treatment and management for the oil and gas industries has been conducted by Lemigas Team to observe the existing guidelines and the implementation of the guidelines in hazardous waste management. The study also includes a selection of the government regulation that should be considered in the hazardous waste treatment and management for the oil and gas industries. Results of the study indicate that the oil industry does not conduct treatment processes for all hazardous wastes that are generated. Some of them, especially those of non-specific hazardous wastes are stored in a temporary storage facility and managed off site for treatment or disposal to a commercial hazardous waste facility. The off-site waste management requires the use of a document termed a manifest for tracking its transport on a "cradle-to-grave" basis. The most prominent problem faced by the oil production industries, however, is the vast generation of wastes from production operation activities such as drilling mud, oil contaminated soil, and oil tank sludge and pit sludge. All of these wastes need to be handled properly. This paper presents the results of the study describing the existing guidelines used by the oil and gas industry and its implementation as well as reviewing the government regulation related to hazardous waste management and the technologies that can be applied in mitigating the hazardous wastes generated by the oil and gas industries.
FIELD TEST OF THE INDIGENOUS MICROBES FOR OIL RECOVERY, LEDOK FIELD, CENTRAL JAVA A. Yusuf; S. Kadarwati; S.W. Pratomo
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 25 No 3 (2002)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.25.3.1070

Abstract

After selecting several old wells in Cepu, then well LDK-132 was chosen for implementing MEOR technology using "huff and puff" method. For this purpose, fluids samples (water and oil) from Ledok Formation were taken at the wellhead. No core of LDK-132 was available, only cores from LDK-209 and LDK-P1 were found. Core plugs could not be made from the former due to compacted and tightly conditions with a very low permeability of only 0.458 md. The latter with the permeability of 140 md met the requirements of microbial core flooding (MCF) tests, A standard quartz dominated core from Clashach Scotland with permeability almost 800 md was also used to compare with the native core's results. The MCF tests were conducted at the reservoir conditions for both types of core. The native core gave a recovery factor of oil production of 12.58%, while the standard core yielded a higher recovery fac- tor of 21.22% of Sor. Based on these results, the MEOR implementation was conducted on July 8, 1999 by injecting 135 barrels of mixtures consist- ing of formation water, microbes enriched with KKL-11 (Koleksi Kultur Lemigas or Lemigas Cultures Collection) and M4 medium through the annulus of LDK-132. The result showed an increase of average oil production rate, from 3.46 bopd, 6 days before the injection, to 24.85 bopd, 6 days after the injection.
SELECTED INDONESIAN MICROBES POTENTIALS FOR MEOR S. Kadarwati; M. Udiharto; Noegroho Hadi Hs; Indria Doria
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 25 No 3 (2002)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.25.3.1071

Abstract

Oil recovery can be increased through the activities of microbes in a process known as Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR). MEOR technology has been implemented in a number of oil producing companies and has proven to have a good prospect, environmentally friendly and low cost. The microbes which proliferate in Indonesian oil fields should be subjected to laboratory identification. Samples of formation water, oil, and soil were taken from various oil fields. These oil fields were selected on account of their reservoir temperatures which promise optimum growth of microbes. In order that MEOR can be applied in these oil fields, the existing microbes in their oil wells were isolated and identified. Based on the results of isolation and identification activities several indigenous bacteria species were obtained from the oil well environment. The potential of each bacteria species for use in MEOR process depends on their ability to live and grow in the reservoir environment as well as the bioproducts produced, such as biosurfactant, bioacid, and biosolvent. The bioproducts produced depend on the inherent capability of the isolate as well as the support of the medium and environmental condition. From the tests of their capability to grow in hydrocarbons, and live in semianaerobic condition, 12 isolates, were selected and some isolates were found to produce such bioproducts. The selected microbes and nutrient have been experimented by using microbial core flooding apparatus. The result has a good prospect for implementation in the oil field.
PRODUCTION OF GASOLINE COMPONENTS IN ASEAN REFINERIES AND EFFECTS OF THE STRICTER FUEL QUALITY REQUIREMENT A.S. Nasution; E. Jasjfi; Evita H. Legowo
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 25 No 3 (2002)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.25.3.1072

Abstract

Intensive implementation of the blue sky program in many countries imposed the use of reformulated gasoline with a very sophisticated specification. Motor gasoline is essentially a complex mixture of hydrocarbons distilled between 40 and 220 C, which consist of distillate fraction of crude oils and the conversion products of crude oil fractions. Small amounts of additives are also used to enhance various aspects of the performance of gasoline. In ASEAN refineries, over 740 MBPSD of feed- stock is processed which produce about 512 MBPSD of gasoline components. About 96 percent of the amount is processed in 39 units of the heterogeneous catalytic processes: i.e. cracking. reforming and isomerization, and the other 4 percent in 4 units of homogeneous catalytic processes: L.e. alkylation and polymerization. Volatility, octane number, hydroegtys4 com: position and impurity content are the most determinant criteria of the gasoline. In most spark-ignition internal combustion engines, the fuel is metered in liquid form through the carburettor or fuel injector, and is mixed with air and partially vaporized before entering the cylinders of the engine. Consequently. volatility, is and extremely important characteristic with respect to starting, driveability, vapor lock, dilution of engine oil fuel economy, and carburettor icing. To increase the octane level of gasoline an anti knock agent such as tetraethyl lead (TEL) or tetramethyl lead (TML) can also be used. Pres- sures to reduce atmospheric pollution are tending towards the reduction or elimination of lead from gasoline. Lead itself is known to be a poison and its presence in the exhaust gas is undesirable. Leudacts as a catalyst poison of catalytic converter installed to reduce carbon monaxide and hydrocarbon emission. Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) is one of the alternative to replace lead alkyls, and has been used as antiknock. Unleaded gasoline (ULG) has been introduced since 1990 in ASEAN Countries: The actual penetration of ULG utilization in the first half of 1998 are as follows : Brunei Darussalam 48.9 , Indonesia 0.6 %. Malaysia 80 %, Philippines 17.7 %, Singapore 81 %. and Thailand 100%. The passage of the Clean Air Act Amendment of 1990 in the USA has forced American refiners to install new facilities to comply with stricter specifications for fuels such as gasoline and diesel oil. Various terms in the models address quality of the gasoline blended, sulfur content, and total aromatics and olefins contents, RVP, the Tof distillation range, sulfur content, and oxygenated content. Specifications for the reformulated gasoline and the ASEAN commecial gasoline are presented. Driveability index (DI) has been standardized by ASTM D-4814-98a and in the near future this DI could be recommended in the specification for the reformulated gasoline. Reformu- lated gasoline can be blended from the high quality gasoline components. Volatitity (RVP. T T T and driveability index), octane number (RON, MON and octane distribution), and hydrocarbon compositions of the gasoline components, as well as the refinery configuration to improve the quality of the gasoline components, and the compositions of these improved gasoline components of reformulated gasoline production are briefly discussed in this paper.
STUDY ON PIT CLOSURE GUIDELINES FOR OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES R. Desrina; Evita H. Legowo; M. Mulyono
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 25 No 3 (2002)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.25.3.1073

Abstract

Study on pit closure guidelines for the oil and gas industries has been conducted by Lemigas Team to observe the existing guidelines in the implementation of the guidelines in the closure program of the temporary use of pits. Goals of the study are to review the manual guideline or standard operating procedure (SOP) of pit closure applied to the petroleum fields, and compare it to the relevant government regulation. So far, governmental regulation concerning pit construction and closure has not been established yet. Nevertheless, management approach of pir construction and closure can be established by referring to the available regulation, namely PP. 18/1999- hazardous waste regulation, and the related Ministerial Decree. This approach is based on the reason that such solid wastes are also categorized as hazardous wastes. Looking at from regulation point of view, it can be said that pit management guideline established by the industry has fulfilled and matched with the available regulation such as Kep.-04/Bapedal/09/1995. Nevertheless, some criteria have to be re-evaluated and post-closure plan seem not to be included in the guidelines vet. This paper presents the results of the study describing the existing guidelines used by the oil and gas industry and its implementation as well as reviewing the government regulation related to the pit closure program.
OBTAINING THE SUITABLE TECHNIQUES FOR PALYNOLOGICAL PREPARATION Eko Budi Lelono
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 24 No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.24.2.1074

Abstract

The term of “standard techniques” in preparation is no longer accepted since every sample has discrete characteristic which may require different treatment. Experiments prove that the modifications are needed to process the Eocene samples from Central Java and South Sulawesi.
EVALUATION OF THE FEASIBILITY OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT VEHICLES FUEL CONVERSION IN JABOTABEK AREA Yusep K Caryana
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 24 No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.24.2.1075

Abstract

NGV has been used as a vehicular fuel in Indonesia, particularly in Jakarta. However, the success of this NGV utilization is still in question. Currently, only taxicabs and a view dedicated buses have successfully utilized NGV for us fuel.
PRELIMINARY CORE PREPARATION FOR SPECIAL CORE ANALYSIS-GUIDELINES Herlan Adim
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 24 No 1 (2001)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.24.1.1076

Abstract

The application of core analysis to provide data for reservoir evaluation is not a new science but has seen continued research activity over along period. Core analysis is complex containing many stages between the reservoir and the final measurements and interpretation. To ensure the data produced is valid, every step along this phase must be handled with equal attention. Recently developed techniques of measuring certain special core analysis of rock formation are being perfected. The objective of this paper is to provide information that will be of practical value to geologists and engineers involved with preliminary core preparation program. Following is a guideline for preliminary special core preparation. The step by step outline presented below is a suggested guideline and, most certainly, modifications and or changes may be made. However, this guideline has been found to be very successful for laboratory works.
PRELIMINARY CORE PREPARATION FOR SPECIAL CORE ANALYSIS-GUIDELINES Herlan Adim
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 23 No 1 (2000)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/SCOG.23.1.1077

Abstract

The application of core analysis to provide data for reservoir evaluation is not a new science but has seen continued research activity over along period. Core analysis is complex containing many stages between the reservoir and the final measurements and interpretation. To ensure the data produced is valid, every step along this phase must be handled with equal attention. Recently developed techniques of measuring certain special core analysis of rock formation are being perfected. The objective of this paper is to provide information that will be of practical value to geologists and engineers involved with preliminary core preparation program. Following is a guideline for preliminary special core preparation. The step by step outline presented below is a suggested guideline and, most certainly, modifications and or changes may be made. However, this guideline has been found to be very successful for laboratory works.

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