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I Putu Cahyadi Putra
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Buletin Veteriner Udayana
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 20852495     EISSN : 24772712     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24843/bulvet.2024.v16.i05.p01
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Immunology & microbiology Public Health Veterinary
FOCUS The journal focused on Veterinary Medicine, Animal Sciences, and Health Studies with various developments. SCOPE Zoonoses, Public Health, One Health, Epidemiology, Reproduction, Virology, Bacteriology, Parasitology, Mycology, Internal Medicine, Surgery, Orthopedics, Vaccines, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Physiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Feed Science, Meat Science, Animal Welfare, Animal Behavior, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Animal Care, Veterinary Education, Livestock Management and Production, Poultry, Horse Science, Cattle Science, Small Ruminants, Pig Science, Aquaculture, Fish Diseases, Fisheries Science and Fish Nutrition, Zoo Animal Management, Zoo Animal Disease Studies, Wildlife Diseases, Conservation Science, and other related studies.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran Hewan - Kedokteran Hewan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 470 Documents
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THE EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION AND TIME VARIATION OF THE LACTOSE AND SKIM MILK AS INDUCER ON THE EXPRESSION OF RECOMBINANT PROTEIN BOVINE LACTOFERRIN CARBOXY-TERMINUS (BLF CAR) Febriyan Muji Hartini; I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika; I Wayan Masa Tenaya
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2026 Vol. 18 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2026.v18.i02.p04

Abstract

Recombinant bovine lactoferrin (bLf) production has broad potential applications in animal health, particularly as a feed additive and immunomodulatory agent, thereby requiring an efficient and sustainable production system. Lac operon–based expression systems commonly employ isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) as an inducer; however, its high cost and potential to induce metabolic stress limit its applicability for large-scale production. This study aimed to evaluate lactose and skim milk as alternative inducers for recombinant bLf expression. A synthetic bLf CAR gene was cloned into the pGEX-2TK plasmid to generate a GST-bLf CAR fusion protein and expressed under a lac operon–based system. Induction was performed using lactose and skim milk at concentrations of 1%, 2.5%, and 5%, with induction times of 5, 24, and 48 hours, while 0.1 mM IPTG served as the reference inducer. The experimental design followed a randomized block design. Protein expression was analyzed using dot blot, and signal intensity was quantified using ImageJ software. Statistical analysis was conducted using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey ’s post hoc test. The results demonstrated that inducer type, concentration, and induction time significantly affected the expression intensity of recombinant GST-bLf CAR protein (p < 0.01). Skim milk at a concentration of 2.5% with a 5 hour induction period produced the highest expression level and differed significantly from other treatments. These findings indicate that skim milk is a promising, economical, and practical alternative inducer for recombinant bLf production.
THE EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION AND TIME VARIATION OF THE LACTOSE AND SKIM MILK ON THE EXPRESSION OF RECOMBINANT PROTEIN GST-A276R AFRICAN SWINE FEVER VIRUS Harry Prasetyo Triwijayanto; I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika; I Nyoman Suartha
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2026 Vol. 18 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2026.v18.i02.p07

Abstract

Recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli (E. coli) commonly utilizes isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) as an inducer. However, IPTG causes toxicity, metabolic instability, and high cost. Lactose and skim milk provide safer and more economical alternatives and can induce the lac promoter in a more controlled manner. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of lactose and skim milk as alternative inductors for expressing the GST-A276R fusion protein, a candidate subunit vaccine for African Swine Fever (ASF). The A276R gene from ASF virus was inserted into the pGEX-2TK plasmid to produce this fusion protein. Different inducer concentrations (1%, 2.5%, and 5%) and induction times (5, 24, and 48 hours) were evaluated in E. coli BL21 cultures using a randomized block design. Intensity of protein expression was analyzed by the dot blot method using anti-GST antibodies, and signal intensity was measured with ImageJ software. The results showed that the type of inducer had a significant effect on the expression level of GST-A276R protein (p < 0.05). The combination of 2.5% skim milk and 48 hours of skim milk induced expression was the most optimal setup for GST-A276R protein expression. In addition to inducer type, inducer concentration and induction time also had significant effects on protein expression (p < 0.05). Based on these findings, it is concluded that skim milk serves as an effective alternative inducer for GST-A276R protein production. Further analysis is required to test the purity and biological activity of the GST-A276R protein expressed under these optimal conditions.
EFFECTIVENESS OF APPLE CIDER VINEGAR AS A TREATMENT OF SCABIOSIS, MALASSEZIOSIS, COMPLICATED BY OTITIS EXTERNA IN A DOMESTIC CAT Hasby Faizul Qodri; Putu Devi Jayanti; I Gusti Made Krisna Erawan
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2026 Vol. 18 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2026.v18.i02.p12

Abstract

Apple cider vinegar is a natural substance containing acetic acid, polyphenols, vitamins, and minerals with antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and anti-inflammatory properties, making it potentially useful as a therapeutic agent for animal skin diseases. This article reports a 3-year-old domestic cat presenting with crusting, alopecia, swelling on the left anterior region of the mouth accompanied by mild hypersalivation, and the presence of moist yellow ear discharge. Supporting examinations were performed using skin scraping, native otic swab, cytological otic swab, and acetate tape preparation methods. Based on the history, clinical findings, and supporting examinations, the cat was diagnosed with scabiosis, malasseziosis, and otitis externa. The therapy administered consisted of both causative and supportive treatments. For scabiosis and malasseziosis, apple cider vinegar was used as a natural topical antimicrobial agent. The use of apple cider vinegar as a topical antimicrobial agent showed effective results in reducing the clinical signs of scabiosis and malasseziosis, characterized by improvement in skin condition and reduction of lesions within 7 days. Otitis externa was treated topically using Oridermyl® ointment administered once daily for 7 days. In addition, fish oil capsules were administered orally as supportive therapy to nourish the skin and enhance the immune system. Evaluation over a 7-day period demonstrated a reduction in crusting, alopecia, and hypersalivation, resolution of swelling in the left anterior region of the mouth, as well as decreased moist yellow ear discharge.
KIDNEY HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF WHITE RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) ADMINISTERED MORINGA (MORINGA OLEIFERA) LEAF SIMPLICIA AFTER LEAD EXPOSURE Winda Audia Ananda; I Ketut Berata; Ida Bagus Oka Winaya; Ni Luh Eka Setiasih; Samsuri Samsuri; Ni Nyoman Werdi Susari
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2026 Vol. 18 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2026.v18.i02.p05

Abstract

Lead (Pb) exposure can induce nephrotoxicity through oxidative stress and inflammation, resulting in histopathological alterations in the kidneys. Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaves contain antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds with potential nephroprotective effects. This study aimed to describe renal histopathological lesions in lead-exposed white rats and evaluate the effects of Moringa leaf simplicia administration following lead exposure. Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n=5): P0, placebo; P1, Pb acetate 0.5 mg/rat/day for 3 days; P2, Pb acetate for 3 days followed by Moringa leaf simplicia 0.1 g/rat/day for 14 days; and P3, Pb acetate followed by Moringa leaf simplicia 0.6 g/rat/day for 14 days. On day 15 after administration of the test substance, the kidneys were collected and processed into histopathological slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Congestion, inflammation, and necrosis were assessed in five fields of view using a 0–3 scoring system for each. Significant differences were observed among the groups for all parameters. At 0.6 g/rat/day, the degree of congestion and inflammation decreased compared to the Pb-only group, whereas the 0.1 g/rat/day dose showed no difference. Necrotic lesions were still observed in all Pb-exposed groups and did not differ significantly among the groups receiving simplicia. It was concluded that Moringa leaf simplicia at 0.6 g/rat/day can improve congestion and inflammation following Pb exposure but has not yet improved necrotic lesions. Further studies with longer durations and higher doses are required.
MULTIPLE HEMOPARASITIC INFECTIONS IN A DOG: A CASE REPORT Putri Nur Widyasari; Tetty Barunawati Siagian
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2026 Vol. 18 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2026.v18.i02.p02

Abstract

Tick-borne hemoparasitic infections are common health problems in dogs in tropical regions and may occur concurrently, resulting in clinical disorders and complex hematological changes. This case study aimed to describe the clinical findings, laboratory examination results, therapy, and recovery response in a dog with recurrent multi-infection involving Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp., and Ehrlichia spp. This study was conducted descriptively through case-based selection of a nine-year-old male Shih Tzu examined at Piara Pet Care. The examinations included physical evaluation, rapid test kit (A Pet Care), peripheral blood smear, and hematological analysis using an automatic hematology analyzer (Mindray BC-2800 Vet). The results showed positive reactions to Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. and a weak positive result for Babesia spp., accompanied by normocytic hypochromic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Causative therapy in the form of doxycycline and imidocarb dipropionate was combined with supportive therapy (Asering, Hematodin, Cyproheptadine, Neuro Forte, Xepazym, Lacto B, and ursodeoxycholic acid) and administered for three weeks. At the end of therapy, the clinical condition and hematological parameters improved. The patient was clinically recovered in the third week, with a recommendation for follow-up parasitological examination to confirm the elimination of the hemoparasitic agents.
DETECTION AND OCCURRENCE BABESIA SPP. AND HAEMOBARTONELLA SP. IN CAT PATIENT AT PET+VET ANIMAL CLINIC, CENTRAL JAKARTA Meila Iscahyani; Tetty Barunawati Siagian
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2026 Vol. 18 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2026.v18.i02.p06

Abstract

Blood parasites such as Babesia spp. and Haemobartonella sp. (Mycoplasma haemofelis) are important vector-borne pathogens in cats that can cause hemolytic anemia, fever, lethargy, jaundice, and systemic complications. In severe cases, these infections may lead to profound anemia, organ dysfunction, and potentially fatal outcomes, particularly in immunocompromised animals. Despite their clinical significance, epidemiological data on feline hemoparasites in Indonesia, especially in urban clinical settings, remain limited. This study aimed to detect and determine the occurrence of Babesia spp. and Haemobartonella sp. in cats examined at PET+VET Animal Clinic, Central Jakarta, and to describe their distribution based on breed, age, sex, and management practices. A total of 51 blood samples collected from December 2024 to November 2025 were examined using blood smear technique with methylene blue and eosin staining and observed under a light microscope at 1000× magnification. Fourteen samples (27.45%) were positive for blood parasites. Babesia spp. was the most prevalent (21.57%), followed by Haemobartonella sp. (3.92%) and co-infection (1.96%). Infections were more frequently observed in male, adult, domestic, and indoor-managed cats.These findings provide baseline data for improving early detection and vector control strategies in urban feline populations.
COMPARISON OF THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SIX ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM THE CHICKEN CECUM USING THE KIRBY-BAUER DISK DIFFUSION METHOD Meila Iscahyani; Tetty Barunawati Siagian
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2026 Vol. 18 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2026.v18.i02.p11

Abstract

Chicken farms often face bacterial infections, one of which is Escherichia coli. Treatment of Escherichia coli bacterial infections in chickens generally uses antibacterial agents in the form of antibiotics, to suppress the growth and spread of bacteria. Intensive use of antibiotics to prevent and treat infections can trigger resistance, which reduces the effectiveness of therapy. This study aims to evaluate the sensitivity of six types of antibiotics against E. coli isolates from 5 chicken cecum samples using the Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion method. Samples were taken from Chicken Farm X in Kulon Progo Regency, with the cecum collected into labeled plastic and stored in a Styrofoam box containing ice packs. Cecum samples were isolated on MacConkey agar and Nutrient Agar media. Identification was carried out based on colony morphology on MacConkey agar and bacterial colony purification on Nutrient Agar media, further confirmed by Indole testing. E. coli bacterial isolates were grown on Mueller-Hinton agar media, treated with antibiotic disks, and incubated. The inhibition zone was measured after 18 to 24 hours of incubation to assess antibiotic effectiveness. The results of the resistance test were as follows: ciprofloxacin (100%), ampicillin (80%), gentamicin (80%), tetracycline (60%), and sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim (20%) were resistant. Factors causing resistance include the dose and duration of antibiotic administration, farm management, and regulations, supervision, and education of farmers.
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS OF THE LUNGS IN A BOER GOAT WITH CASEOUS PNEUMONIA: A CASE REPORT Muhammad Arung Maugi Pahendra; Andreana Adhisty; Ghina Rizqi Iqbal; Annisa Fadilah Amalia; Annisa Zahra Meirizka; Fatimah Nur Iliyina; Nur Herlinda Mokobombang; Frisca Muthia Arman; Wulan Tri Agustina; Muhammad Muslim Abdillah Rusmin
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2026 Vol. 18 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2026.v18.i02.p13

Abstract

Pneumonia is a multifactorial disease in which various etiological agents play important roles in its pathology and pathogenesis. Identification of circulating pathogens in a specific area is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective disease control strategies. Bacterial culture remains the gold standard for confirming bacterial infections and can be complemented by histopathological examination to characterize pulmonary lesions. This case report aimed to describe the gross and histopathological changes observed in a Boer goat diagnosed with pneumonia. An approximately 6-year-old male Boer goat was found dead in the goat housing facility at the Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University. A complete necropsy was performed immediately on site, and lung tissue samples were collected for histopathological examination at the Laboratory of Pathology, Veterinary Medicine Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University. Tissue sections were processed and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and subsequently examined microscopically. Histopathological examination revealed hyaline membrane formation along the alveolar epithelium, pulmonary hemorrhage, and emphysema characterized by alveolar rupture and coalescence. The main lesions consisted of tubular granuloma formation and caseous necrosis, findings consistent with caseous pneumonia. These findings provide important pathological evidence supporting the diagnosis and contribute to a better understanding of pulmonary lesions in Boer goats.
VARIATION IN THE SIZE OF THE CORKSCREW-SHAPED OR SPIRAL GLANS PENIS IN LANDRACE AND DUROC BOARS I Nyoman Wiku Wedatama; I Nengah Wandia; I Wayan Bebas
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2026 Vol. 18 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2026.v18.i02.p10

Abstract

Pigs are an important commodity in Bali, where the reproductive performance of boars plays a key role in productivity. The boar glans penis has a corkscrew-shaped structure that is essential for copulation; however, information regarding size variation among strains remains limited. This study aimed to identify and compare variations in spiral length, diameter, and number of turns of the glans penis in Landrace and Duroc boars. Present study employed an analytical observational design using a convenience sampling method with 12 adult boars (seven Landrace and five Duroc). Samples were collected post-mortem from a pig slaughterhouse in Bali. Morphometric measurements were performed using a digital caliper, and data were analyzed using an independent t-test (α = 0.05). The results showed that the mean spiral length of the glans penis in Landrace boars was 39.511 ± 1.184 mm, while in Duroc boars it was 38.090 ± 0.849 mm (p > 0.05). The mean spiral diameter was 15.935 ± 0.948 mm in Landrace boars and 15.856 ± 1.138 mm in Duroc boars (p > 0.05). The number of spiral turns was identical in both strains, with a mean value of one turn. In conclusion, there were no statistically significant differences in spiral length, diameter, or the number of turns of the glans penis between Landrace and Duroc boars.
THE EFFECT OF BITTER MELON (Momordica charantia) EXTRACT ON SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE LEVELS AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL PROFILE IN THE LIVER OF DIABETIC RATS Nurul Wahdania; I Nyoman Suarsana; I Made Kardena
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2026 Vol. 18 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2026.v18.i02.p08

Abstract

Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes can trigger oxidative stress and reduce the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) as an endogenous antioxidant. Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) has bioactive compounds that have the potential to support the antioxidant system. This study aims to determine the effect of bitter melon extract on the levels and immunohistochemical profile of SOD in the liver tissue of diabetic rats. A total of 20 male rats were divided into four groups: normal controls, diabetic controls, and two diabetic groups given bitter melon extract at doses of 50 mg/kg BW and 100 mg/kg BW for 21 days. SOD levels were measured using the ELISA method, while the SOD profile was analyzed through immunohistochemical staining. The results showed that diabetes reduced SOD levels in the liver tissue of rats compared to the normal control group, with values ​​of 3,873 ± 0,298 ng/mL and 1,916 ± 0,220 ng/mL, respectively. Administration of bitter melon fruit extract increased SOD levels, with a higher response at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW (3,089 ± 0,202 ng/mL), compared to 50 mg/kg BW (2,884 ± 0,272 ng/mL). Immunohistochemical analysis showed a stronger intensity of SOD staining expression in liver tissue after administration of the extract, especially at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW. Further research is needed to evaluate other antioxidant enzymes and determine varying doses to enhance the endogenous antioxidant system.

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