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INDONESIA
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN
Published by Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
ISSN : 1411318X     EISSN : 25486101     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Environmental Science
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan (JTL) is a journal aims to be a peer-reviewed platform and an authoritative source of information. JTL is published twice annually and provide scientific publication for researchers, engineers, practitioners, academicians, and observers in the field related to science and environmental technology. We publish original research papers, review articles and case studies focused on Environmental Sciences, Environmental Technology as well as other related topics to Environment including sanitation, environmental biology, waste water treatment, solid waste treatment, environmental design and management, environmental impact assessment, environmental pollution control and environmental conservation.
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Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 14 No. 1 (2013)" : 7 Documents clear
PEMANFAATAN BIOGAS DARI LIMBAH KOTORAN TERNAK SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI LISTRIK Studi kasus di Desa Sutenjaya, Lembang, Jawa Barat = Utilization of Biogas from Animal Waste as Electrical Energy Source Case Study: Sutenjaya, Lembang ., Sudaryono
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 14 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v14i1.1436

Abstract

The growth of the dairy industry in Indonesia is expected to be an attraction for the local farmers. The increasing number of breeders will have a negative impact on the increase of waste generated.Waste from the farm business can be a solid waste, gas and liquid waste. Animal husbandary waste can be processed to produce biogas as an energy alternative to oil burner and premium drive electricgenerators. From the measurement of CH4 content ranged from (56.67 - 62.8 %), while the CO2 content ranged between (36.36 - 42.64 %). This value is between methane and carbon dioxide content of the theoretical limit. Gasbio volume generated during the 24 hours ranged of 4.218 - 6.198M3, or the average of the gas produced as much: 5,096 M3 per day. Electricity generated = 3.822 kWh. Electricity power genset of 500 watt can burn for 7 hours. The results of laboratory analysis of sludge solids can be seen that the C / N ratio is still relatively high at 42.6, whereas the C / N ratio, which allowed ranged of 15-25. The C value is very high due to the organic composting process is too short, the element N is very low because the nitrogen is still in the complex chain that required the administration of N fastening bacteria such as : Azotobacter, Azotomonas, Pseudomonas.Keywords: cattle manure, biogas, energy listrk, compostAbstrakPertumbuhan industri susu olahan di Indonesia diharapkan akan mampu menjadi daya tarik bagi peternak lokal. Meningkatnya jumlah peternak akan berdampak negatif terhadap meningkatkanlimbah yang dihasilkan. Limbah dari usaha peternakan tersebut dapat berupa limbah padat, gas dan limbah cair. Limbah peternakana dapat diproses untuk menghasilkan biogas sebagai energi alternatif pengganti minyak kompor dan premium menggerakan generator listrik. Dari hasil pengukuran kandungan CH4 berkisar antara (56,67 – 62.8%), sedang kandungan CO2 berkisar antara (36.36 – 42,64%). Nilai tersebut berada diantara kandungan metan dan karbon dioksida pada batas secara teori. Volume gasbio yang dihasilkan selama 24 jam berkisar antara (4,218 - 6,198) M3,atau rata-rata gas yang dihasilkan sebanyak : 5,096 M3 perhari. Listrik yang dihasilkan = 3,822 kWh. Genset dengan daya 500 Watt maka listrik bisa menyala selama 7 jam. Dari hasil analisislaboratorium terhadap padatan sludge dapat diketahui bahwa C/N ratio tergolong masih tinggi yaitu 42,6, padahal C/N ratio yang diizinkan berkisar antara 15 – 25. Hal ini disebabkan karena Corganiknya sangat tinggi akibat proses komposing masih terlalu singkat, unsur N sangat rendah karena nitrogen masih dalam rantai yang kompleks sehingga diperlukan pemberian bakteripenambat N, diantaranya adalah: bakteri Azotobacter, Azotomonas, Pseudomonas. Kata kunci: Kotoran ternak, biogas, energi listrk, kompos
PENGARUH KELIMPAHAN SEL MIKROALGAE AIR TAWAR (Chlorella sp.) TERHADAP PENAMBATAN KARBONDIOKSIDA = Effect of Microalgae Cell Density (Chlorella sp) on Absorption of Carbondioxide Sopiah, Nida; Mulyanto, Adi; Sehabudin, Sindi
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 14 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v14i1.1431

Abstract

Chlorella sp. is a single-cell microalgae that lives in aquatic environment. It grows and developsby making use of sunlight as an energy source and carbon dioxide (CO2) as carbon source. Chlorella sp. can be utilized as biological agents in reducing CO2 gas emissions in the atmosphere. The purpose of this experiment was to assess the influence of microalgae’sincreasing density to its capability in absorbing CO2.The air which contains CO2 was injected to aclosed photobioreactor intermittently by an aerator. The flow rate applied was 2.5 liters/minute.Research result identified that amount of CO2 sequestered by Chlorella sp. in photobioreactor system was equal with increasing of microalgae biomass density. Sequestration of CO2 inphotobioreactor significantly increased at the afternoon because occurring of photosynthesis process. This phenomenon was identified by difference of CO2 concentration during morning andafternoon toward photobioreactor number 1, 2, and 3. The difference was in between 0.15 % -2.40 %; 0.05 % - 2.30 %; and 0.51 % - 2.74 % respectively. Capability of cell on sequestering ofCO2 increased amounting of 102 – 167.2 % per day.Keywords: Chlorella sp, carbondioxide, sequestration, microalgae abundanceAbstrak Chlorella sp. merupakan mikroalgae bersel tunggal yang hidup di lingkungan perairan, tumbuh dan berkembang dengan memanfaatkan sinar matahari sebagai sumber energi dankarbondioksida sebagai sumber karbon. Chlorella sp. dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai agensia hayati dalam menurunkan emisi gas CO2 di atmosfer. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengkajipengaruh kelimpahan Chlorella sp. terhadap penambatan karbon dioksida dalam mereduksi emisi karbondioksida. Pada penelitian ini, gas CO2 diinjeksikan ke dalam fotobioreaktor sistemtertutup dengan sistem intermiten dan supply oksigen menggunakan aerator dengan debit sebesar 2,5 liter/menit. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah karbondioksida yangditambat oleh Chlorella sp. dalam sistem fotobioreaktor setara dengan penambahan kelimpahan biomassa mikroalgae. Panambatan karbondioksida pada fotobioreaktor mengalami peningkatansangat signifikan pada siang hari karena adanya proses fotosintesis yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya selisih konsentrasi CO2 saat pagi dan sore hari pada masing-masing fotobioreaktor 1, 2 dan 3 berkisar antara 0,15 % - 2,40 %; 0,05 % - 2,30 % dan 0,51 % - 2,74 %. Sedangkanefisiensi kemampuan penambatan CO2 oleh setiap sel Chlorella sp. selama 21 hari dibandingkan terhadap inokulasi hari pertama menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dengan nilai efisiensimasing-masing 67,2 %; 144,6 %; 222,6 %; 308,8 %; 364,2 %; 416,1 %; 447,0 %; 470,8 %; 505,9%; 555,0 %; 571,4 %; 581,0 %; 587,7 %; 612,6 %; 626,6 %; 656,6 %; 684,7 %; 715,3 %; 733,9%; dan pada hari ke-21 meningkat sebesar 750,5 %. Dan kemampuan setiap sel dalam menambat CO2 setiap hari mampu meningkatkan sebesar 102 % -167,2 %. Kata Kunci : Chlorella sp., karbondioksida, penambatan, kelimpahan mikroalga
KUALITAS LINGKUNGAN PERAIRAN DAN KONDISI OSEANOGRAFI DI KAWASAN INDUSTRI SEKUPANG KOTA BATAM = Water Environment Quality and Oceanographic Conditions in the Industrial Area Sekupang, Batam Riyadi, Agung; Santos, Matih
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 14 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v14i1.1435

Abstract

This study is located in industrial area in Sekupang, Batam. Primary data collection includes water quality, aquatic biota, and the tidal current direction and speed measurement. Overall water quality conditions in the surrounding industrial area Sekupang is still good, it can be seen from the results of laboratory analysis is still below the quality standards specified . Flow pattern at high tide is moving south at a speed of 1 m / sec, while at low tide movement heading north flows with varying speeds ranging from 0.1 m / sec to 1 m / sec. Tidal patterns according to formulation Formzahl 0.48, which means there is a double mix of ups and downs in a day where there will be two times of ups and downs twice but different amplitudes, and riding pasutnya up to 2.93 m. Phytoplankton in the study area found 25 species such as Skeletonema sp., Chaetoceros sp, sp Lauderia which dominate the waters. There is also a kind of Dynophyceae with species such as Peridinium sp, whereas Cyanophyceae types are Trichodesmium sp. Results of analysis diversitasnya index of 1.54, which identifies those waters have poor quality. Evenness index/species uniformity of 0.43 indicates the quality of its waters being. While the dominance index was the quality of the water has a value of 0.41. Mike21 hydrodynamic modeling is used in assisting the analysis of the direction and speed of global flows in accordance with the pattern of tidal and bathymetric depth.Keyword: patterns of currents, tides, environmental quality, model Abstrak Penelitian ini berlokasi di kawasan industri Sekupang Kota Batam. Pengambilan data primer meliputi kualitas air, biota perairan, pasang surut dan pengukuran arah dan kecepatan arus. Secara keseluruhan kondisi kualitas perairan di sekitar kawasan industri Sekupang masih baik, hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil analisa laboratorium masih di bawah baku mutu yang ditetapkan. Pola arus pada saat pasang bergerak ke arah selatan dengan kecepatan 1 m/detik, sedangkan pada saat surut pergerakan arus mengarah ke utara dengan kecepatan bervariasi berkisar 0,1 m/detik hingga 1m/detik. Pola pasang surut menurut formulasi Formzahl 0,48 yang artinya terdapat pasang surut campuran ganda dimana dalam satu hari akan terjadi dua kali pasang dan dua kali surut akan tetapi amplitudo berbeda-beda, dan tunggang pasutnya hingga 2,93 m. Fitoplankton di wilayah penelitian dijumpai 25 spesies seperti Skeletonema sp., Chaetoceros sp, Lauderia sp yang mendominasi perairan. Juga terdapat jenis Dynophyceae dengan spesies seperti Peridinium sp, sedangkan jenis Cyanophyceae terdapat Trichodesmium sp. Hasil analisa indeks diversitasnya 1,54 yang mengidentifikasikan perairan tersebut mempunyai kualitas buruk. Indeks kemerataan/keseragaman spesies 0,43 yang mengindikasikan kualitas perairannya sedang. Sedangkan indeks dominansi perairan mempunyai kualitas sedang dengan nilai 0,41. Pembuatan model hidrodinamika menggunaan Mike21 di dalam membantu analisis arah dan kecepatan arus secara global sesuai dengan pola pasang surut dan kedalaman batimetri. Kata kunci: pola arus, pasang surut, kualitas lingkungan, model
HYDRAULIC CONSIDERATIONS FOR LANDFILL LINERS AND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOILBENTONITE MIX = Pertimbangan Hidrolik untuk Liners Landfill dan Karakteristik Campuran Tanah-Bentonit Ridlo, Alfakhur; Ohtsubo, Masami
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 14 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v14i1.1434

Abstract

Keberhasilan desain landfill liner membutuhkan pertimbangan yang diberikan kepada unjuk kerja hydraulic liner dari landfill. Unjuk kerja sistem hydraulic liner meliputi control laju kebocoran, waktu tempuh kontaminan melewati liner, dan attenuasi (penguatan) dari spesies kontaminan leachate. Parameter seperti ketebalan, slope, permeability, metode konstruksi dan property kimia dari material liner dapat divariasikan selama proses desain untuk memaksimalkan unjuk kerja hydraulic dari landfill liner. Efek variasi setiap komponen unjuk kerja di bahas. Unjuk kerja tiga tipe liner dibandingkan. Hasil dari perbandingan untuk membahas pentingnya parameter-parameter desain dalam penentuan unjuk kerja hydraulic dari beberapa tipe liner. Selanjutnya, berbagai macam campuran tanah dan bentonite yang dibikin compact di observasi karakteristk void ratio dan hydraulic conductivity untuk mengetahui perilaku hydraulic setelah diaplikasikan tekanan terkait dengan struktur fisik. Kata kunci :hidrolika, lempung, liner, landfill, campuran tanah-bentonite Abstract The successful design of a landfill liner requires that consideration be given to the hydraulic performance of the landfill. The hydraulic performance of a landfill liner system comprises control of leakage rate, contaminant travel time through the liner and attenuation of leachate contaminant species. Parameter such as the thickness, slope, permeability, construction method and chemical properties of liner materials can be varied during design to maximize the hydraulic performance of the landfill liner. The effect of varying each of these on the components of hydraulic performance is discussed. The hydraulic performances of three common types of liner are compared. The results of the comparison are used to discuss the importance of design parameters in determining the hydraulic performance of the different types of liner. Additionally several soil-bentonite admixture were compacted and the characteristics of void ratio and hydraulic conductivity were plotted for the understanding of their hydraulic behavior after the application of pressure with respect only for physical structure. Keywords: hydraulic, clay, liner, landfill, soil-bentonite mix
POTENSI KOMPOSTING SAMPAH SKALA RUMAH TANGGA UNTUK MEREDUKSI TIMBULAN SAMPAH (Pilot Proyek di Perumahan Puspiptek Serpong) = Potential Scale of Household Waste Composting to Reduce Waste Generation (Pilot Project in Puspiptek Serpong Residence) Sahawan, Firman L.
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 14 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v14i1.1433

Abstract

The position of composting household waste in terms of waste management at the macro level is very important, because household acts as a source of waste. When organic waste at household can be composted, then the waste transported to landfill will be reduced, so that the transportation costs of transporting waste involved is reduced, beside can extend the life of the landfill. To determine the effectiveness of household-scale composting process using aerobic composter, its potential in reducing household waste generation, as well as the quality of the resulting compost, we conducted this study. The results showed that: the composting process using "composter" aerobics can be run well and fairly effective, as well as describing the process of aerobic decomposition. It is heavily influenced by the composting process of assistance given to environment volunteers. Potential production of compost that can be generated by each family in one year as much as 43 kg, for families who have 1 (one) composter and 86 kg for a family that has 2 (two) composters. While the potential to reduce household waste generation by 21%, to which has 1 composter, and 42% to which has 2 composters. The compost production has good quality because it is free from microbial contaminants (pathogens), meet the requirements of mature compost and generally meet the parameters required by Permentan No 70 of 2011 or SNI compost of 2004. Keywords: composting, household waste, composter and reduction of waste generationAbstrakPosisi pengomposan sampah rumah tangga dalam kerangka pengelolaan sampah secara makro sangat penting, karena rumah tangga berperan sebagai sumber sampah. Apabila sampah organik di rumah tanggga dapat dikomposkan, maka sampah yang diangkut ke TPA menjadi berkurang, sehingga biaya transportasi pengangkutan sampah ikut berkurang, selain dapat memperpanjang umur TPA. Untuk mengetahui efektifitas proses komposting skala rumah tangga menggunakan komposter aerobik, potensinya dalam mereduksi timbulan sampah rumah tangga, serta kualitas kompos yang dihasilkan, maka dilakukanlah penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: proses pengomposan menggunakan ”komposter” aerobik dapat berjalan dengan baik dan cukup efektif, serta menggambarkan proses dekomposisi secara aerobik. Hal tersebut sangat dipengaruhi oleh proses pendampingan pembuatan kompos yang tetap diberikan kepada kader lingkungan. Potensi produksi kompos yang dapat dihasilkan oleh masing-masing keluarga dalam 1 tahun sebanyak 43 kg, untuk keluarga yang memiliki 1 buah komposter dan 86 kg untuk keluarga yang memiliki 2 buah komposter. Sedangkan potensinya untuk mereduksi timbulan sampah rumah tangga sebesar 21%, untuk yang memiliki 1 komposter, dan 42% untuk yang memiliki 2 komposter. Produk kompos yang dihasilkan berkualitas baik karena bebas dari mikroba kontaminan (patogen),memenuhi persyaratan kompos matang dan secara umum memenuhi parameter-parameter yang dipersyaratkan oleh Permentan No. 70 Tahun 2011 atau SNI kompos Tahun 2004.Kata kunci: Komposting, sampah rumah tangga, komposter dan reduksi timbulan sampah
KEBIJAKAN PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH ELEKTRONIK DALAM LINGKUP GLOBAL DAN LOKAL = Electronic Waste Management Policies in the Scope of Global and Local Wahyono, Sri
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 14 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (189.54 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v14i1.1437

Abstract

In line with population growth and lifestyle, the number of electronic waste increased. Electronicwaste is a hazardous waste that threaten human survival. Various efforts have been and are beingtaken to prevent environmental degradation caused by poor management of electronic waste.However, electronic waste is a source of valuable material that can be recovered through a series ofprocesses in the manufacturing of electronic waste. Support from various parties necessary for therealization of a sustainable e-waste management.Keywords: electronic waste, pollution, extended producer responsibilityAbstrakSejalan dengan pertumbuhan penduduk dan gaya hidup, limbah elektronik semakin meningkatjumlahnya. Limbah elektronik secara umum merupakan limbah berbahaya sehingga dapatmengancam kelangsungan hidup manusia. Berbagai upaya telah dan sedang dilakukan untukmencegah terjadinya degradasi lingkungan akibat pengelolaan limbah elektronik yang buruk. Namundemikian, limbah elektronik adalah sumber material berharga yang dapat di-recovery melaluiserangkaian proses di industri pengolahan limbah elektronik. Dukungan dari berbagai pihakdiperlukan untuk terwujudnya pengelolaan limbah elektronik yang berkelanjutan.Kata Kunci: Limbah elektronik, pencemaran, extended producer responsibility
APLIKASI REAKTOR HIGH RATE PERFORMANCE PADA PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI KECIL TAHU = Application of High Rate Performance Rector for Wastewater Treatment in Tofu Small Scale Industries Parlina, Iin; Widodo, Lestari
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 14 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v14i1.1432

Abstract

Along with the development of biogas and its utilization, biogas reactors also evolved from conventional reactor types to high rate performance reactors, adapts to the needs of increased efficiency and also the characteristics of organic waste that is difficult if processed using ordinary reactor. However, this type of reactor basically has 3 types, namely fixed bed (packed-bed, anaerobic filters, fixed-film), fluidized bed reactor, and UASB/ Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket reactor. From these high rate performance reactors, fixed bed reactor is the type that is pretty much developed and implemented in Indonesia, especially for treating organic wastewater from small industries, for example tofu, tapioca and slaughterhouses. Implementation of fixed bed reactor for the tofu industry until today has reached as much as 5 units that serve the needs of about 132 households in Banyumas District, Central Java Province. The fixed bed reactor’s performance is quite high if it is evaluated from biogas yield and the efficiency of the organic content in tofu industry’s wastewater. Implementation, dissemination, and replication of this reactor for treatment of other types of organic waste or other areas have the potential to support government programs in GHG mitigation actions, renewable energy sources provision, environmental protection and the development of energy self-sufficient villages.Keywords : biogas reactor - performance high - rate, fixed bed reactors, tofu industryAbstrakSeiring dengan perkembangan biogas beserta pemanfaatannya, reaktor biogas juga berkembang dari jenis reaktor konvensional hingga reaktor berunjuk kerja tinggi (high rate performance) menyesuaikan dengan kebutuhan peningkatan efisiensi dan juga karakteristik limbah organik yang sulit jika diolah dengan menggunakan reaktor biogas biasa. Namun, pada dasarnya reaktor ini memiliki 3 jenis, yaitu reaktor unggun tetap (fixed bed, packed-bed, anaerobic filter, fixed-film), reaktor unggun terfluidisasi (fluidized bed reactor), dan reaktor UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket). Dari ketiga jenis reaktor berunjuk kerja tinggi tersebut, reaktor jenis unggun tetap adalah jenis yang cukup banyak dikembangkan dan diimplementasikan di Indonesia, terutama untuk mengolah limbah cair organik yang berasal dari industri kecil, misalnya tahu, tapioka dan rumah potong hewan. Implementasi reaktor unggun tetap untuk industri tahu hingga saat ini telah mencapai jumlah 5 unit reaktor yang melayani kebutuhan sekitar 132 Rumah tangga di Kabupaten Banyumas secara berkelanjutan. Kinerja reaktor unggun tetap ini dapat dikatakan cukup tinggi jika dinilai dari perolehan biogas dan efisiensi penurunan kandungan organic dalam limbah cair tahu. Program implementasi, diseminasi, dan replikasi reaktor ini untuk pengolahan jenis limbah organik yang lain atau daerah lain memiliki potensi dalam mendukung program pemerintah dalam aksi mitigasi Gas Rumah Kaca, penyediaan sumber energi terbarukan, perlindungan lingkungan dan pengembangan desa mandiri energi.Kata kunci : biogas, reaktor high-rate-performance, reaktor fixed bed, industri tahu

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