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All Journal Community Health JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN Jurnal Ecolab Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia
Adi Mulyanto
Balai Teknologi Lingkungan
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science Public Health

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PENYERAPAN EMISI CO2 OLEH MIKROALGA Euglena sp DENGAN BIOREAKTOR KOLAM KULTUR Handayani, Titin; Mulyanto, Adi; Sopiah, Nida
Jurnal Ecolab Vol 8, No 1 (2014): Jurnal Ecolab
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kualitas dan Laboratorium Lingkungan (P3KLL)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jklh.2014.8.1.1-10

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menerapkan teknologi penyerapan emisi gas CO2 yang dihasilkan oleh industri dengan memanfaatkan mikroalga Euglena sp. yang dibudidayakan pada bioreaktor kolam kultur jenis raceway. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat dalam mitigasi efek gas rumah kaca yaitu mengurangi emisi gas CO2. Penelitian ini dilakukan di industri susu (PT Indolakto) yang berlokasi di Cicurug Sukabumi. Analisis sampel dilakukan di Laboratorium Kimia dan Lab Ekotoksikologi Balai Teknologi Lingkungan-BPPT. Kegiatan penelitian ini meliputi : (1) Karakterisasi Emisi Industri di Lokasi Uji Coba, (2) Pengoperasian Kolam Kultur, (3) Sampling dan Analisis Sampel. Pengkajian awal penyerapan emisi gas buang melalui pengaktifan mikroalga dengan kolam kultur volume 1000 L dari bahan stainless steel di industri PT Indolakto yang dilengkapi dengan alat penukar panas menunjukkan hasil penyerapan CO2 oleh mikroalga yang cukup menjanjikan. Sistem pengaliran gas CO2 pada sistem kolam kultur berjalan dengan baik. Hal ini terbukti dari berhasilnya gas buang dari boiler untuk didinginkan dari suhu sekitar 200 oC menjadi suhu dibawah ambien. Kecuali suhu, gelembung gas yang masuk ke dalam media pada kolam sudah cukup kecil (fine), sehingga kontak antara gas dengan media menjadi baik. Efisiensi penyerapan CO2 oleh Euglena sp. dapat mencapai 98,87% dengan pemberian CO2 rata-rata sebesar 167,26 gram/hari
STRATEGI MEMPERPANJANG UMUR TEMPAT PENGOLAHAN AKHIR (TPA) SAMPAH DI INDONESIA Mulyanto, Adi
Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan Vol 4, No 1: Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan
Publisher : BPPT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (378.735 KB)

Abstract

The existence of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is not received by the community. The problem is MSWalways be generated by the activities of human being. All of the cities, especially in Java Island, facediffi culties to look for an area for dumping the MSW. The most effective strategy is the prolongation oflandfi ll site. The method applied is to build the small facility of MSW handling in small area such as RWs(administrative unit at the next-to-lowest level in city) or in the villages. The main product will be compostand other recyclable materials such as plastics, metals, and so forth. Therefore, maximum about 10% to20% of MSW will be discard in the landfi ll site. To realize the facility of MSW handling in the area, it needsseveral equipment to help for producing the good compost.Key words: MSW, composting process.
PENGOLAHAN DAN PEMANFAATAN AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI BIODIESEL Mulyanto, Adi
Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan Vol 5, No 1: Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan
Publisher : BPPT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (417.395 KB)

Abstract

As a tropical country, the availability of biomass is very abundant in Indonesia. Biomass is a source for renewable energy. One of the renewable energy is biodiesel. Biodiesel is produced by trans-esterifi cation of oil/fat. During the process, biodiesel industry produces either wastewater and/or solid waste. The wastes should be treated carefully. The wastes from biodiesel industry are categorized as organic wastes. Therefore, the treatment and utilization of such wastes is done biologically. The wastewater will be treated through in series of anaerobic, aerobic process and artifi cial wetland. Gas resulted from the stripping process in aerobic lagoon will be treated by using biofi lter. The solid waste will be utilized for producing compost by wind row composting. Wastewater from biodiesel industry contains high organic matter. The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) are 21.300 mg/L and 6.300 mg/L. Therefore, during treatment the process should be carefully handled. The quality of treated wastewater will be improved by treating it in an artifi cial wetland. When the treated wastewater has a positive impact towards the plant growth in the artifi cial wetland, then the treated wastewater will be utilized for liquid fertilizer by adding the macro and micro nutrient such as N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Co,Mo, S, and so forth. The prototype of wastewater treatment facility has been built in PUSPIPTEK Serpong with the capacity of 2.5 m3 of wastewater/day. The anaerobic process is established in an anaerobic digester (fi xed bed). The bed used is made of plastic. The aerobic digester is an activated sludge. Therefore, side products from this activity are biogas, compost and liquid fertilizer.Key words: fixed bed digester, activated sludge, biofi lter, compost, artifi cial wetland.
AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI BIOETANOL BERBAHAN BAKU UBI KAYU SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PRODUKSI BIOGAS Mulyanto, Adi
Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan Vol 6, No 3: Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan
Publisher : BPPT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (170.822 KB)

Abstract

As a tropical country, Indonesia has riches of biomass. Cassava is one of biomass which contains plenty of carbohydrate. Carbohydrate then is utilized as a source for producing bioethanol. In producing of bioethanol, the process also yield side product named vinasse. Vinasse is produced from distillation process of solution containing ethanol which has concentration between 7 and 10%. Vinasse contents very high organic substances with COD and BOD concentration amounting of 30,000 mg/L and 27,000 mg/L respectively. Vinasse was then treated in an anaerobic process by using fixed bed digester. Anaerobic fixed bed digester volume was 225 L. The digester was provided with support materialsmade from cutted PVC pipe. The support materials has void volume of 93%. Therefore, the effective volume of the digester was 209 liters. The digester was operated by upflow mode. Research result from this experiment will be utilized as basic design for producing biogas at a bioethanol plant located in Lampung Tengah. Capacity of the plant is 8,000 litres of bioethanol per day. Whereas the vinasse produced is 100,000 litres per day.Keywords: bioethanol, vinasse,fixed bed digester, biogas, casava waste water
MIKROALGA (CHLORELLA, SP.) SEBAGAI AGENSIA PENAMBAT GAS KARBON DIOKSIDA Mulyanto, Adi
Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Jurnal Hidrosfir Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (508.728 KB)

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to respon the issue of global warming where carbon dioxide emmited from burning fossil fuel was expected to be the reason. The experiment was performed at Institute for Environmental Technology, Puspiptek, Serpong within 35 days. Algae (Chlorella, sp.)was cultivated in a raceway type pond. The pond has effective volume of 1000 liters provided with agitator and located in a roofed area. Basic machanism of the CO2 sequestration was photosynthesis process, where chlorophyl, water, CO2, and sun light should be present. Reasearch result identified that algae has high capability for carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration. Therefore, algae can be utilized as an agent for carbon sink. CO2 utilized was come from commercial CO2 tank which was available in the local market and has concentration of about 45%. During experiment, the culture was fed with gradually increasing of CO2 concentration, namely 5.91%, 8.18%, and 9.16%. The macro and micro nutrients were also added into the culture. CO2 absorption by the culture in average only reached 5.34%. therefore, the increasing of CO2 fed into the culture decreased theefficiency of CO2 absorbed. During the experiment, the growth of microalgae was also elaborated.
Studi Perencanaan Fasilitas Pengelolaan Sampah (Material Recovery Facility) Sebagai Upaya Optimalisasi Untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Kualitas Pengelolaan Sampah Di Kampus Sudirman Universitas Udayana Mulyanto, Adi
Community Health Vol 1 No 2
Publisher : Community Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (424.763 KB)

Abstract

Permasalahan sampah yang banyak melanda kota-kota di Indonesia sering disebabkan oleh sistem pengolahan secara konvensional yaitu kumpul - angkut - buang, tanpa ada proses pengurangan dan pemanfaatan kembali sampah yang dibawa ke TPA. Salah satu upaya mengurangi volume sampah yang dibawa ke TPA adalah dengan mengubah fungsi dari TPS menjadi Fasilitas Pengelolaan Sampah (FPS). Untuk membuat perencanaan FPS di Kampus Sudirman Universitas Udayana, maka perlu menganalisis volume sampah, berat sampah dan potensi nilai ekonomi sampah tersebut. Dari hasil analisis tersebut diperoleh hasil rata-rata volume sampah sebesar 4,91 m3/hari, berat sampah sebesar 270,82 kg/hari dan potensi nilai ekonomi sampah yang dapat didaur ulang sebesar Rp. 15.785.820,00/tahun. Hasil analisis tersebut merupakan acuan untuk membuat desain FPS yang nantinya dapat dikelola dengan baik sesuai prosedur yang berlaku dan memperhatikan setiap komponen yang dibutuhkan, perhitungan besar lahan sortir dan gudang serta jumlah pekerja dan peralatan yang digunakan dalam opersional FPS. Analisis keuangan FPS yang dilakukan menghasilkan nilai Net Present Value (NPV) sebesar -Rp. 110.561.453 juta rupiah dengan nilai Oppurtunity Cost of Capital (OCC) 12%, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar -366,58 %, dan Benefit/Cost Ratio sebesar 0,36. Proyek FPS ini tetap dapat dilaksanakan karena bertujuan untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan lingkungan.
PENGARUH KELIMPAHAN SEL MIKROALGAE AIR TAWAR (Chlorella sp.) TERHADAP PENAMBATAN KARBONDIOKSIDA = Effect of Microalgae Cell Density (Chlorella sp) on Absorption of Carbondioxide Sopiah, Nida; Mulyanto, Adi; Sehabudin, Sindi
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 14 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v14i1.1431

Abstract

Chlorella sp. is a single-cell microalgae that lives in aquatic environment. It grows and developsby making use of sunlight as an energy source and carbon dioxide (CO2) as carbon source. Chlorella sp. can be utilized as biological agents in reducing CO2 gas emissions in the atmosphere. The purpose of this experiment was to assess the influence of microalgae’sincreasing density to its capability in absorbing CO2.The air which contains CO2 was injected to aclosed photobioreactor intermittently by an aerator. The flow rate applied was 2.5 liters/minute.Research result identified that amount of CO2 sequestered by Chlorella sp. in photobioreactor system was equal with increasing of microalgae biomass density. Sequestration of CO2 inphotobioreactor significantly increased at the afternoon because occurring of photosynthesis process. This phenomenon was identified by difference of CO2 concentration during morning andafternoon toward photobioreactor number 1, 2, and 3. The difference was in between 0.15 % -2.40 %; 0.05 % - 2.30 %; and 0.51 % - 2.74 % respectively. Capability of cell on sequestering ofCO2 increased amounting of 102 – 167.2 % per day.Keywords: Chlorella sp, carbondioxide, sequestration, microalgae abundanceAbstrak Chlorella sp. merupakan mikroalgae bersel tunggal yang hidup di lingkungan perairan, tumbuh dan berkembang dengan memanfaatkan sinar matahari sebagai sumber energi dankarbondioksida sebagai sumber karbon. Chlorella sp. dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai agensia hayati dalam menurunkan emisi gas CO2 di atmosfer. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengkajipengaruh kelimpahan Chlorella sp. terhadap penambatan karbon dioksida dalam mereduksi emisi karbondioksida. Pada penelitian ini, gas CO2 diinjeksikan ke dalam fotobioreaktor sistemtertutup dengan sistem intermiten dan supply oksigen menggunakan aerator dengan debit sebesar 2,5 liter/menit. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah karbondioksida yangditambat oleh Chlorella sp. dalam sistem fotobioreaktor setara dengan penambahan kelimpahan biomassa mikroalgae. Panambatan karbondioksida pada fotobioreaktor mengalami peningkatansangat signifikan pada siang hari karena adanya proses fotosintesis yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya selisih konsentrasi CO2 saat pagi dan sore hari pada masing-masing fotobioreaktor 1, 2 dan 3 berkisar antara 0,15 % - 2,40 %; 0,05 % - 2,30 % dan 0,51 % - 2,74 %. Sedangkanefisiensi kemampuan penambatan CO2 oleh setiap sel Chlorella sp. selama 21 hari dibandingkan terhadap inokulasi hari pertama menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dengan nilai efisiensimasing-masing 67,2 %; 144,6 %; 222,6 %; 308,8 %; 364,2 %; 416,1 %; 447,0 %; 470,8 %; 505,9%; 555,0 %; 571,4 %; 581,0 %; 587,7 %; 612,6 %; 626,6 %; 656,6 %; 684,7 %; 715,3 %; 733,9%; dan pada hari ke-21 meningkat sebesar 750,5 %. Dan kemampuan setiap sel dalam menambat CO2 setiap hari mampu meningkatkan sebesar 102 % -167,2 %. Kata Kunci : Chlorella sp., karbondioksida, penambatan, kelimpahan mikroalga
PENGARUH OZONISASI TERHADAP DOSIS KOAGULAN PADA PERUSAHAAN AIR MINUM DI REDLAND, AUSTRALIA Mulyanto, Adi
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 1 No. 2 (2000): JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (283.032 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v1i2.173

Abstract

The experiments were conducted in the Environmental Engineering laboratory, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia on samples provided by Redland Shire Council Waterworks. The result showed that ozonation has positive effect towards alum dosages as a coagulant. Ozone dosages were 2.86 ppm, 6.25 ppm, and 11.22 ppm, while alum dosages were 5 ppm, 10 ppm, and 15 ppm. Ca(OH)2 was utilized as pH regulator with the dosages in the range of 4 ppm – 12 ppm. Effects of ozonation on coagulant dosages were measured by color level expressed in Pt-Co units. Maximum color removal was 87% and 89% determined spectrophotometrically with the wavelength of 360 nm and 400 nm respectively.
PENGOLAHAN DAN PEMANFAATAN AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI BIODIESEL Mulyanto, Adi
Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan Vol 5, No 1: Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan
Publisher : BPPT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (417.395 KB)

Abstract

As a tropical country, the availability of biomass is very abundant in Indonesia. Biomass is a source for renewable energy. One of the renewable energy is biodiesel. Biodiesel is produced by trans-esterifi cation of oil/fat. During the process, biodiesel industry produces either wastewater and/or solid waste. The wastes should be treated carefully. The wastes from biodiesel industry are categorized as organic wastes. Therefore, the treatment and utilization of such wastes is done biologically. The wastewater will be treated through in series of anaerobic, aerobic process and artifi cial wetland. Gas resulted from the stripping process in aerobic lagoon will be treated by using biofi lter. The solid waste will be utilized for producing compost by wind row composting. Wastewater from biodiesel industry contains high organic matter. The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) are 21.300 mg/L and 6.300 mg/L. Therefore, during treatment the process should be carefully handled. The quality of treated wastewater will be improved by treating it in an artifi cial wetland. When the treated wastewater has a positive impact towards the plant growth in the artifi cial wetland, then the treated wastewater will be utilized for liquid fertilizer by adding the macro and micro nutrient such as N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Co,Mo, S, and so forth. The prototype of wastewater treatment facility has been built in PUSPIPTEK Serpong with the capacity of 2.5 m3 of wastewater/day. The anaerobic process is established in an anaerobic digester (fi xed bed). The bed used is made of plastic. The aerobic digester is an activated sludge. Therefore, side products from this activity are biogas, compost and liquid fertilizer.Key words: fixed bed digester, activated sludge, biofi lter, compost, artifi cial wetland.
AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI BIOETANOL BERBAHAN BAKU UBI KAYU SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PRODUKSI BIOGAS Mulyanto, Adi
Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan Vol 6, No 3: Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan
Publisher : BPPT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (170.822 KB)

Abstract

As a tropical country, Indonesia has riches of biomass. Cassava is one of biomass which contains plenty of carbohydrate. Carbohydrate then is utilized as a source for producing bioethanol. In producing of bioethanol, the process also yield side product named vinasse. Vinasse is produced from distillation process of solution containing ethanol which has concentration between 7 and 10%. Vinasse contents very high organic substances with COD and BOD concentration amounting of 30,000 mg/L and 27,000 mg/L respectively. Vinasse was then treated in an anaerobic process by using fixed bed digester. Anaerobic fixed bed digester volume was 225 L. The digester was provided with support materialsmade from cutted PVC pipe. The support materials has void volume of 93%. Therefore, the effective volume of the digester was 209 liters. The digester was operated by upflow mode. Research result from this experiment will be utilized as basic design for producing biogas at a bioethanol plant located in Lampung Tengah. Capacity of the plant is 8,000 litres of bioethanol per day. Whereas the vinasse produced is 100,000 litres per day.Keywords: bioethanol, vinasse,fixed bed digester, biogas, casava waste water
Co-Authors Nida Sopiah Nugraha, Yosep Widi Reba Anindyajati Pratama, Reba Anindyajati Sehabudin, Sindi Titin Handayani