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Norma Tiku Kambuno
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Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases
Published by Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang
ISSN : 31239005     EISSN : 31239005     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Aim and Scope The primary goal of the LJID journal is to advance the understanding and knowledge of infectious diseases by publishing high-quality research focused on laboratory-based investigations. We aim to serve as a platform for discovering and exploring biomarkers include markers of Hematology, Clinical Chemistry, Immunoserology, Microbiology, Parasitology, Cyto-Histotechnology, and Molecular Biology for infectious diseases. Our scope includes significant findings in public health and epidemiology that are supported by laboratory data. This includes both emerging and established diseases, with a particular focus on their prevalence and characteristics in Indonesia and globally. By disseminating these findings, we hope to contribute to better prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies worldwide. Manuscript of original research should be written in 4,000-8,000 words (including tables and figures).
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 18 Documents
 1   2 
The Relationship between Maternal Anemia Status and Childhood Stunting at Baumata Primary Health Care Center Maria Aurelia Vianey; Sherly Dewu; Meylani Fernanda Bessie; Imanuddin Imanuddin; Kasmawati Kasmawati; Astati Astati
Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang

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Abstract

Anemia remains a major public health problem in Indonesia, affecting both mothers and children. Numerous studies have examined the relationship between anemia in mothers and children; however, limited research has specifically focused on the association between maternal anemia status and stunted children during the caregiving period. Mothers who experience anemia during this period are more likely to suffer from fatigue and reduced capacity to meet their children’s basic needs, including breastfeeding, complementary feeding, and maintaining hygiene and nutritional adequacy. Suboptimal caregiving practices may increase the risk of anemia in children, particularly among those who are already stunted. This study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal anemia status and anemia among stunted children. A laboratory-based analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 20 pairs of mothers and stunted children selected through purposive sampling. Hemoglobin levels were measured using the cyanmethemoglobin method and analyzed using Fisher’s Exact Test. The results showed that 15% of mothers were anemic, while 65% of stunted children were diagnosed with anemia. However, no significant association was found between maternal anemia status and anemia in stunted children (p > 0,05). In contrast, maternal education level was significantly associated with anemia status in children (p < 0,05). In conclusion, although no statistically significant relationship was observed between maternal anemia and anemia in stunted children, the high prevalence of anemia remains a concern. Various factors may contribute to anemia in mothers and children, including poor dietary intake, chronic infections, limited access to health services, low socioeconomic status, and inappropriate complementary feeding practices. Maternal knowledge emerged as an important factor associated with anemia among stunted children.
Correlation between Blood Lead and SGPT Levels in Parking Attendants in Kuanino Subdistrict, Kupang City Winioliski L.O. Rohi Bire; Elisabet Christanti Kase; Agnes Rantesalu
Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang

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Abstract

Parking attendants are considered an occupational group at risk of exposure to environmental pollutants, including lead. Lead can enter the body through inhalation, ingestion, dermal contact, and ocular exposure. Chronic accumulation of heavy metals such as lead may induce hepatocellular damage, which can be reflected by increased serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) levels, a biochemical marker of liver injury. Elevated blood lead levels have been associated with hepatotoxic effects in several studies. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between blood lead levels and SGPT levels among parking attendants in Kuanino Subdistrict, Kota Raja District, Kupang City. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using purposive sampling. Ten parking attendants were recruited. Data were obtained through interviews and laboratory examinations measuring blood lead levels and SGPT concentrations. The results showed that blood lead levels ranged from 29 µg/dL to 111 µg/dL, with a mean of 75,5 µg/dL, indicating markedly elevated levels compared to recommended safety thresholds and suggesting potential clinical risk. SGPT levels ranged from 10,2 U/L to 33,1 U/L, with a mean of 21,54 U/L. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated no statistically significant correlation between blood lead levels and SGPT levels (p = 0,331). Future studies involving a larger sample size and additional liver function indicators are warranted to clarify this finding.
The Relationship between Duration of Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment and Blood Urea Levels in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis at Bakunase Community Helath Center Lidia Wulan Stevania Lapudo&#039;oh; Ni Made Susilawati; Byantarsih Widyaningrum; Michael Vallery Loueis Tumbol
Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang

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Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a prevalent pathogen requiring prolonged treatment, typically lasting six months. The kidneys, as the primary excretory organs, must intensively filter pharmaceutical compounds throughout this period. This extended regimen can strain renal function and potentially lead to kidney damage, particularly with rifampicin and streptomycin, which have the highest risk of nephrotoxic effects compared to other anti-tuberculosis drugs. This study aimed to determine the relationship between treatment duration and blood urea levels among pulmonary TB patients at the Bakunase Community Health Center using a quantitative observational approach with a cross-sectional design. Researchers collected data with questionnaires and measured urea levels using the BT15i device. The statistical analysis of 30 samples using the Spearman rank correlation test yielded a correlation coefficient of 0,302 (30,2%) and a significance value of 0,105 (p > 0,05). These results indicate no significant correlation between the duration of anti-tuberculosis therapy and blood urea levels. Consequently, the findings suggest that prolonged TB treatment does not lead to a direct increase in urea levels among patients in this clinical setting, indicating that renal filtration remains relatively stable during the standard course of therapy.
Utilization of Teak Leaf Extract as a Substitute for Eosin in Hematoxylin Eosin Staining Agnes Desiana Paa; Agustina W. Djuma; Juliana Christyaningsih
Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang

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Abstract

Hematoxylin–Eosin (HE) staining is widely used in histopathology to visualize tissue morphology. Eosin, a synthetic dye commonly used to stain cytoplasmic components, may cause environmental and health concerns, encouraging the search for safer natural alternatives. Young teak leaves (Tectona grandis) contain anthocyanin pigments with potential as natural staining agents. This study evaluated the effectiveness of teak leaf extract as a substitute for eosin in HE staining of uterine tissue. A quasi-experimental post-test only control group design was applied. Young teak leaves were extracted through maceration using 95% ethanol for seven days, followed by filtration and evaporation to obtain a concentrated extract. Uterine tissue preparations were stained using hematoxylin combined with 75% teak leaf extract, while eosin staining served as the control. Microscopic evaluation at 400x magnification was performed by an anatomical pathology specialist using a staining quality scoring system. The control group stained with eosin demonstrated optimal staining quality, with clear bluish-purple nuclei and bright pink cytoplasm, achieving a good score in all slides. In comparison, teak leaf extract produced pale purple nuclei and brownish-pink cytoplasm that remained distinguishable morphologically, though with lower staining quality. Overall, teak leaf extract demonstrated potential as a natural alternative to eosin, but further optimization is needed to improve staining performance.
Cytological Characteristics of Pleural Effusion with Variations in 96% Alcohol Fixation Time Using Papanicolaou Staining Priska Alicia Vansugisti; Ary Nurmalasari; Euis Tia Istianah; Rahayu Nirmatul Mutmainah
Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang

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Abstract

Pleural effusion is a clinical condition that may indicate serious underlying diseases, including infection, malignancy, and systemic disorders. Cytological examination of pleural fluid plays an important role in determining the possible etiology of pleural effusion and requires proper fixation to preserve cellular morphology and staining quality. This study aimed to evaluate the cytological characteristics and preparation quality of pleural fluid specimens fixed in 96% alcohol for 15 minutes and 30 minutes using the Papanicolaou staining method. This quasi-experimental study included 16 pleural fluid samples obtained from routine laboratory examinations. Each sample was processed into four cytological smears, consisting of two duplicate smears fixed in 96% alcohol for 15 minutes and two duplicate smears fixed in 96% alcohol for 30 minutes. A total of 64 smears were evaluated, with 32 smears in each fixation group. All smears were stained using the Papanicolaou method and assessed microscopically based on background appearance, cellular morphology, nuclear characteristics, and overall staining quality. Of the 32 smears fixed for 15 minutes, 20 smears (62,5%) were classified as poor quality and 12 smears (37,5%) as good quality. In contrast, among the 32 smears fixed for 30 minutes, 3 smears (9,4%) were classified as poor quality and 29 smears (90,6%) as good quality. These findings indicate that fixation using 96% alcohol for 30 minutes produces better cytological preparation quality than fixation for 15 minutes. Therefore, a 30-minute fixation period is recommended to support optimal cytological evaluation and diagnostic accuracy.
Detection of the rhlR Gene in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Nova Dwi Sulistyawati; Didik Wahyudi
Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang

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Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterium capable of forming biofilms through quorum sensing mechanisms regulated by the rhlR gene. The presence of this gene contributes to bacterial virulence and enhanced antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to detect the rhlR gene in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa obtained from sputum, urine, and pus samples using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. This descriptive laboratory-based study analyzed six clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Identification of isolates was performed through Gram staining, culture on MacConkey agar, and biochemical tests. DNA isolation was carried out using the Presto™ Mini gDNA Bacteria Kit, followed by qualitative and quantitative DNA analysis. Amplification of the rhlR gene was performed using specific primers targeting a 133 bp amplicon. The results showed that all isolates produced adequate DNA concentrations ranging from 147–155 ng/µL with purity ratios ranging from 1,1–1,9. PCR amplification demonstrated the presence of positive bands at 133 bp in all samples, indicating the presence of the rhlR gene. In conclusion, the rhlR gene was successfully detected in all clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These findings suggest that the isolates possess quorum sensing-related virulence potential associated with biofilm formation.
Antimicrobial Activity of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from the Roots of Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Against Escherichia coli Ari Nuswantoro; Diana Novita; Aditia Aditia
Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang

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Abstract

Endophytic bacteria are beneficial microorganisms that interact with the host plant without causing damage. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of endophytic bacteria from the roots of Avicennia marina (Forssk.) against Escherichia coli. Samples were collected using a purposive sampling approach with 9 repetitions. Endophytic bacteria were isolated from root tissues and identified using Gram staining and biochemical tests (Simmons citrate, SIM, TSIA, methyl red, catalase, BAP, and MCA). The antimicrobial activity test used the disc diffusion method with a 100% concentration of endophytic bacterial suspension adjusted to 0,5 McFarland standard; ampicillin served as the positive control. Three bacterial isolates were obtained: Aeromonas sp., Enterobacter sp., and Bacillus sp. The average inhibition zones were 18,78 mm (Aeromonas sp.), 15,1 mm (Enterobacter sp.), and 16,66 mm (Bacillus sp.). Based on the standard for interpreting inhibition zones (≥20 mm = very strong; 10–20 mm = strong), all isolates demonstrated strong antibacterial potential. One-way ANOVA revealed a significant difference among the three isolates (p < 0,001), with Aeromonas sp. showing the highest activity. This study is novel in providing the first comparative evidence that Aeromonas sp. from Avicennia marina (Forssk.) roots exhibits superior antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli growth.
Profile of Anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG Antibody Test Results in Patients with Chronic Gastritis at the Baregbeg Community Health Center Silma Yuniar; Atun Farihatun; Euis Tia Istianah; Rahayu Nirmatul Mutmainah
Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Laboratory Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang

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Abstract

Gastritis is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa that may be caused by various factors, including irregular dietary habits, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use, psychological stress, alcohol consumption, and Helicobacter pylori infection, which is recognized as a major cause of chronic gastritis. In primary healthcare settings, identification of the underlying etiology of gastritis is often limited by the availability of diagnostic laboratory facilities. Therefore, serological detection of anti-Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies may serve as an alternative diagnostic approach. This study aimed to determine the serological profile of anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG antibodies among patients with chronic gastritis attending the Baregbeg Community Health Center. A descriptive study was conducted involving 24 outpatients diagnosed with chronic gastritis who met the inclusion criteria. Participants were recruited using a total sampling technique. Serum samples were collected and analyzed using an immunochromatographic assay at the Baregbeg Community Health Center Laboratory between April and June 2025. All 24 participants (100%) tested negative for anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG antibodies. No serological evidence of Helicobacter pylori infection was detected among the study participants. In conclusion, no serological evidence of Helicobacter pylori infection was detected among chronic gastritis patients included in this study, with an observed Helicobacter pylori seropositivity rate of 0%.

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