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International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU)
Published by CV. Adiba Aisha Amira
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30476151     DOI : Zenodo
Core Subject :
International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU) is a journal that deals with social, cultural, economic, political and educational issues. Education covers all kinds of fields of education, in the sphere of family, school, and even higher education. The field of education is not confined to either general education or special education, as is the case with the social sphere.
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Articles 277 Documents
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YOUTH VOTER ORIENTATION IN BALI IN THE 2024 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION Ni Luh Putu Suciptawati; Karolien Miracle Anggraeni
INJOSEDU: International Journal of Social and Education Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19533371

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the orientation of young voters in the 2024 Presidential Election using a cross-tabulation approach across various demographic and social variables. The research employs a quantitative methodology with Chi-square test analysis to examine relationships among variables. The sample consists of 595 respondents from Generation Z and Millennials. The results indicate that gender, occupation, and education have a significant influence on preferences for presidential and vice-presidential candidate pairs. Specifically, Candidate Pair No. 2 dominates support across nearly all categories. In contrast, age and organizational participation show no significant effect on respondents’ choices. These findings suggest that the political orientation of young voters is more strongly influenced by socio-political background and educational level than by age or organizational experience.
IMPLEMENTATION MODEL OF THE NINE-YEAR COMPULSORY EDUCATION POLICY IN KEEROM REGENCY Bau Anting
INJOSEDU: International Journal of Social and Education Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19533389

Abstract

The nine-year compulsory education program is a strategic policy of the Indonesian government aimed at improving equitable access to basic education. In Keerom Regency, the implementation of this program still faces various challenges, including geographical constraints, limited educational infrastructure, and uneven distribution of teachers. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the nine-year compulsory education program by focusing on its effectiveness, obstacles, and the role of stakeholders. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach using interviews, observations, and documentation. The results show that the program has been implemented but has not yet reached optimal outcomes. Major obstacles include economic limitations of the community, low awareness of the importance of education, and limited access to schools. In addition, the shortage of teachers and inadequate educational facilities affect the quality of learning. Although efforts have been made by the local government and schools, these have not fully addressed the needs of all communities. This study concludes that strong synergy between the government, community, and stakeholders is essential to improve the success of the program through adaptive and sustainable policies.
DIGITAL TWIN TECHNOLOGY IN ENGINEERING SYSTEMS: REAL-TIME MONITORING AND PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE Renaldy Salam
INJOSEDU: International Journal of Social and Education Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19533450

Abstract

Engineering systems have been profoundly altered by the quick development of digital technologies, especially with the use of Digital Twin technology. The purpose of this project is to investigate how digital twins facilitate predictive maintenance and real-time monitoring within engineering systems using a literature review approach. The method involves systematically analyzing and synthesizing findings from recent scholarly articles, conference proceedings, and technical reports related to Digital Twin applications. The results indicate that The development of virtual copies of real systems is made easier by digital twin technology, enabling continuous data integration, performance simulation, and anomaly detection. Through real-time monitoring, engineering systems can achieve improved operational transparency and faster decision-making. Furthermore, the implementation of predictive maintenance supported by Digital Twin reduces downtime, optimizes maintenance scheduling, and minimizes operational costs by predicting potential failures before they occur. However, challenges such as data integration complexity, high implementation costs, and cybersecurity risks remain significant barriers. This study highlights that despite these challenges, Digital Twin technology presents substantial opportunities for enhancing efficiency, reliability, and sustainability in modern engineering systems. Future research is recommended to focus on scalable frameworks and secure data architectures to maximize its implementation.
BIG DATA ANALYTICS IN PUBLIC HEALTH SURVEILLANCE: OPPORTUNITIES AND LIMITATIONS Asni Hasanuddin; Auliyah Imyiaz Putri Mentari
INJOSEDU: International Journal of Social and Education Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19533480

Abstract

The development of digital technology has encouraged the use of big data analytics in public health, particularly in health surveillance systems. This study aims to comprehensively examine the opportunities and limitations of using big data analytics to improve the effectiveness of public health surveillance through a literature review approach. The method used is a literature review, analyzing various relevant scientific sources, such as international journals, health institution reports, and recent academic publications. The study results indicate that big data analytics has significant potential for improving early outbreak detection, real-time disease monitoring, and more accurate and rapid data-driven decision-making. The integration mixing information from multiple sources, including social media, electronic health records, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices, makes surveillance systems more predictive and responsive. However, a number of restrictions need to be addressed, such as data security and privacy concerns, data quality and interoperability challenges, restricted technological infrastructure, and gaps in human resource capacity. Furthermore, ethical and regulatory challenges also hinder optimal implementation. Therefore, a comprehensive strategy is needed to maximize the benefits of big data analytics while still considering the security, ethics, and sustainability of the health system.
THE LEGAL IMPLICATIONS OF PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION FOR ELECTRONIC CONTRACTS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF INDONESIAN CIVIL LAW Gunawan Widjaja
INJOSEDU: International Journal of Social and Education Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19533508

Abstract

The rapid growth of electronic transactions in Indonesia has made the protection of personal data a central issue in civil law, particularly regarding the validity and enforcement of electronic contracts. This study aims to analyse the legal implications of personal data protection on electronic contracts from the perspective of Indonesian civil law, focusing on how Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection (PDP Law) affects the validity requirements of contracts and the civil liabilities of the parties. The research method employed is normative legal research using a literature review approach, analysing primary legal sources such as the Civil Code, the ITE Law, and the PDP Law, as well as relevant secondary and tertiary legal materials. The research findings indicate that the PPDL has brought about a fundamental transformation in the legal framework of electronic contracts, wherein the consent of data subjects must meet the standards of informed consent—being explicit, specific, informative, and voluntary—to ensure that the element of agreement under Article 1320 of the Civil Code is materially fulfilled. Violations of personal data protection provisions may be classified as breach of contract or unlawful acts giving rise to civil liability in the form of damages, with a reversal of the burden of proof mechanism that places the data subject in a stronger position. It is concluded that the harmonisation between the Civil Code, the ITE Law, and the PDP Law has created a more comprehensive civil legal ecosystem, although the effectiveness of its enforcement still requires the strengthening of digital legal literacy and consistency in court jurisprudence.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR THE WEAKER PARTY IN CIVIL CONTRACTS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INDONESIAN LAW AND INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE Muhammad Yunus Idy; Abdul Rauf
INJOSEDU: International Journal of Social and Education Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19533523

Abstract

Civil contracts, as fundamental instruments in modern legal and economic transactions, are often characterised by an imbalance in bargaining power between the parties, whereby the weaker party (consumers, workers, debtors) is in a vulnerable position and susceptible to contractual exploitation by the stronger party (business operators, employers, creditors). This study aims to analyse legal protection for weaker parties in civil contracts in Indonesia, compare it with international practices, and formulate policy recommendations to strengthen the national legal system. It employs a literature review using a legal-normative and comparative approach. The research findings indicate that Indonesia possesses a fairly comprehensive normative framework through the Civil Code and sectoral legislation; however, its effectiveness is hampered by low legal literacy, weak enforcement, and limited access to justice. Comparative analysis reveals that the European Union, the United States, and the United Kingdom have developed more advanced protection mechanisms, including mandatory protection that cannot be overridden by choice-of-law clauses, collective enforcement through consumer organisations and public authorities, and judicial flexibility to set aside unfair terms through the doctrine of unconscionability and the reasonableness test. This study recommends holistic reforms encompassing the adoption of the principle of mandatory protection, strengthening the powers of the BPSK and OJK for preventive oversight, integrating more flexible doctrines for the courts, simplifying class action mechanisms, and implementing a massive legal literacy programme. Without synergy between robust regulation, consistent enforcement, and community empowerment, legal protection for the vulnerable will remain a normative promise incapable of altering the reality of structural injustice in contractual relationships.
REGULATION AND THE SOCIAL IMPACT OF P2P LENDING FINTECH: A STUDY OF CONSUMER PROTECTION IN ILLEGAL ONLINE LENDING IN INDONESIA Gunawan Widjaja
INJOSEDU: International Journal of Social and Education Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19533538

Abstract

The proliferation of illegal online lending (pinjol) in Indonesia has triggered a serious socio-economic and humanitarian crisis, despite the regulatory framework for fintech peer-to-peer (P2P) lending having been strengthened through Financial Services Authority (OJK) Regulation No. 40 of 2024. This article aims to examine two main dimensions: first, the effectiveness of regulations and consumer protection mechanisms within the fintech P2P lending ecosystem; second, the multidimensional social impacts caused by illegal online lending on individuals, families, and Indonesian society. This study employs a literature review (library research) using a descriptive-analytical qualitative approach. The findings indicate that whilst Indonesia’s regulatory framework is comprehensive in theory, its effectiveness is hampered by cross-border jurisdictional gaps, low levels of digital financial literacy among the public (only 38 per cent), and limited law enforcement capacity. The social impact of illegal online lending has gone beyond material losses and transformed into a humanitarian crisis encompassing severe psychological distress (68% of victims suffer from chronic depression and anxiety), the destruction of social relationships due to the practice of personal data dissemination (doxing), exponential debt cycles that cripple household economies, and even suicides that claim lives. This phenomenon also erodes social capital, deepens structural inequality, and undermines public trust in state institutions. This article recommends a holistic approach that integrates the strengthening of cross-border law enforcement cooperation, the acceleration of transformative digital financial literacy, the establishment of compensation and psychosocial rehabilitation mechanisms for victims, and structural reforms to expand access to formal financial services as a long-term preventive solution. Without such comprehensive intervention, P2P lending fintech innovations risk becoming a double-edged sword that widens social injustice and hinders Indonesia’s inclusive and sustainable digital economic transformation.
LEGAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE AGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON REGULATORY, ETHICAL AND DATA PROTECTION CHALLENGES IN INDONESIA Gunawan Widjaja
INJOSEDU: International Journal of Social and Education Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20045708

Abstract

The exponential development of artificial intelligence (AI) has created a fundamental disruption to the national legal order, demanding regulatory transformation that is adaptive to algorithmic autonomy, ethical issues, and the protection of personal data. This article aims to analyse the legal challenges faced by Indonesia in the AI era through a literature review using a juridical-normative approach and content analysis. The research findings indicate that Indonesia faces a specific regulatory vacuum (legal vacuum) that creates legal uncertainty, particularly regarding liability for discriminatory or harmful AI decisions resulting from the lack of transparency associated with the ‘black box’ problem. Fragmented inter-institutional authority and the regulatory body’s lack of technical expertise exacerbate the situation, whilst the implementation of Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection (PDP Law) faces technical dilemmas regarding data minimisation, informed consent, and the right to erasure within machine learning systems. From an ethical perspective, algorithmic bias has the potential to perpetuate structural discrimination that runs counter to the values of Pancasila, whilst the absence of an obligation to label synthetic content threatens the integrity of public information. This article recommends the enactment of a dedicated AI law adopting the principle of strict liability, strengthening the capacity of the Personal Data Protection Agency, formulating operational AI ethics grounded in Pancasila, and implementing a hybrid legal approach combining hard law with soft law. This legal transformation is an absolute prerequisite for Indonesia to harness the potential of AI for Indonesia Emas 2045 without compromising human rights, social justice, and the nation’s digital sovereignty.
THE TRANSFORMATION OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN THE DIGITAL AGE: A LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEES’ PERSONAL DATA AND COMPLIANCE WITH LABOUR REGULATIONS FOLLOWING THE 2022 PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION ACT Gunawan Widjaja
INJOSEDU: International Journal of Social and Education Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20045717

Abstract

Digital transformation has revolutionised Human Resource Management (HRM) from an administrative function into a data-driven strategic ecosystem utilising artificial intelligence, predictive analytics, and integrated systems. However, the adoption of this technology poses serious legal challenges regarding the protection of employees’ personal data amidst the unequal power dynamics between employers and employees. This study aims to analyse digital transformation in HRM and the legal implications of Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection (PDP Law) for compliance with labour regulations in Indonesia. It employs a literature review (library research) using a legal-normative approach. The research findings indicate that digital transformation in HRM—encompassing AI-based recruitment, HRIS, digital monitoring, and biometrics—has enhanced efficiency whilst simultaneously creating massive privacy risks for workers. The 2022 PDP Act reshapes the labour law landscape by designating employers as Data Controllers who must adhere to the principles of purpose limitation, multi-layered data security, transparency, and structural accountability. This regulation curtails employers’ prerogatives through a proportionality test and strengthens workers’ rights to access, rectification, erasure, and data portability. Compliance with the 2022 PDP Act demands a fundamental overhaul of HR policies, investment in cybersecurity, the appointment of a Data Protection Officer (DPO), and the implementation of Privacy by Design. This study concludes that the success of digital transformation in HRM is not only measured by operational efficiency, but by the organisation’s ability to integrate technological innovation with the protection of workers’ human rights, thereby realising a fair, safe, and legally certain working ecosystem in the digital economy era.
LEGAL PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF LESBIAN WOMEN IN INDONESIA: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL DISCRIMINATION, SOCIAL NORMS AND THE HUMAN RIGHTS FRAMEWORK Gunawan Widjaja
INJOSEDU: International Journal of Social and Education Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20045725

Abstract

This study aims to critically analyse legal protection for the rights of lesbian women in Indonesia, focusing on three main dimensions: structural discrimination within the legal system and public policy; the role of heteronormative social norms in producing stigma and marginalisation; and the implementation gap between national and international human rights frameworks. The study employs a qualitative research method using a literature review approach. The research findings indicate that legal protection for lesbian women is in a paradoxical state: on the one hand, the 1945 Constitution, Law No. 39 of 1999 on Human Rights, CEDAW, and the ICCPR provide a strong normative foundation for non-discrimination; on the other hand, the absence of explicit recognition of sexual orientation as a protected category in secondary legislation creates interpretative loopholes that permit systematic discrimination in the spheres of education, employment, healthcare, and the judicial system. Heteronormative social norms reproduced through the institutions of the family, religion, and the mass media reinforce this structural discrimination, producing chronic minority stress and structural invisibility for lesbian women. This study concludes that effective protection requires a holistic approach encompassing the enactment of inclusive anti-discrimination legislation, the revision of the new Criminal Code to prevent the criminalisation of consensual same-sex relationships, the institutional transformation of public bureaucracy, and public education to deconstruct heteronormative norms. Without synergy between legal reform, social transformation, and consistent political commitment, the constitutional promise of equality before the law will remain empty rhetoric for lesbian women in Indonesia.

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