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INDONESIA
JURNAL TEKNIK MESIN
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Mechanical Engineering
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Articles 21 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 2 (2015): VOLUME 3, NOMOR 2, APRIL 2015" : 21 Documents clear
SIMULASI AERODINAMIKA DESAIN MOBIL HEMAT BAHAN BAKAR ‘ANTAWIRYA’ DENGAN METODE COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Abdul Hadi Hanif; MSK. Tony Suryo Utomo
JURNAL TEKNIK MESIN Vol 3, No 2 (2015): VOLUME 3, NOMOR 2, APRIL 2015
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Increasingly depleted world’s oil deposit has encouraged the automotive industry, including the government and universities, to be more innovative in their efforts to find a breakthrough. More aerodynamic vehicle design will produce a smaller drag coefficient value, thus reducing fuel consumption. The purpose of this research is to get the magnitude of the drag coefficient as low as possible in the design of ‘Antawirya’ fuel efficient car. It focuses on the phenomenon of fluid flow that takes place all around the car and the effort to create a more aerodynamic car body design. Car aerodynamics simulations are conducted in the wind tunnel set as the computing domain by Computational Fluid Dynamics. The k-epsilon realizable standard wall function method is used in this research, which is specified based on the phenomenon of validation in backward-facing step by knowing the separation and the reattachment point on these phenomena. This research also uses the second order upwind as the discretization method for more accurate results. The number of each grid for previous Antawirya and Antawirya konsep 1 are 862391 and 767870. The results of the simulation show a reduction of drag coefficient on Antawirya konsep 1 compared to the previous Antawirya. Drag coefficient has shown a decrease by 38,18 % from 0,385 into 0,238 at a rate of 10 km/h, a decrease by 39,14 % from 0,373 into 0,227 at 20 km/h, a decrease by 39,84 % from 0,369 into 0,222 at 30 km/h, a decrease by 40,27 % from 0,365 into 0,218 at 40 km/h, a decrease by 40,38 % from 0,364 into 0,217 at 50 km/h, and a decrease by 40,27 % from 0,360 into 0,215 at 60 km/h. The separation and wake phenomenon also occurred on the back of the car body as the separation and wake on Antawirya konsep 1 are shorter than the previous Antawirya design. This is due to the fact that the body of Antawirya konsep 1 has a more aerodynamic design.
ANALISA EFISIENSI EXERGI BOILER WANSON III PADA UNIT KILANG DI PUSAT PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN MINYAK DAN GAS BUMI ( PUSDIKLAT MIGAS ) CEPU MSK. Tony Suryo Utomo; Eko Siswanto
JURNAL TEKNIK MESIN Vol 3, No 2 (2015): VOLUME 3, NOMOR 2, APRIL 2015
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

This paper discusses the analysis of efficiency exergy of boiler Wanson on refinery unit at PUSDIKLAT MIGAS Cepu is order to identify the actual energy used or the quality results of the actual energy consumption and actual energy loss as a result from irreversible process. Boiler is the biggest source of exergy destruction in a Steam Power Plant’s System and plant systems, hence there is a big opportunity to increase the efficiency in performance. Therefore the bigger efficiency in boiler’s performance, the lower production cost for fuel consumption in industry. Boilers are analyzed using fuel Residue (MFO) on assuming constant environment temperature and pressure of 25oC and 1 bar within twenty-four hours. The result are the average efficiency exergy is 58.13% and the average energy efficiency is 79.60%. Based on the results of the research that the total rate of destruction exergy in the boiler is 34.833 MW or 38.92% of the incoming exergy of 89.501 MW. The rate of destruction combustor accounted for 24.60%, while the rate of destruction of the heat exchanger provides the largest contribution of 14.32%. The total exergy efficiency, total energy efficiency and total destruction rate are influenced by mass flow rate and the temperature of steam. Exergy efficiency and the rate of exergy destruction in  combustor are influenced by fuel temperature, combustion air temperature, excess air, mixing fuel with air and insulation system in the combustor, while the value of the efficiency and the rate of exergy destruction of heat exchanger affected by mass flow rate of steam, flue gas temperature, cleanliness tubes, insulation and the amount of feedwater system wasted in the blowdown system.
DESAIN PROTOTIPE MESIN RECOVERY DAN RECYCLE PORTABLE (JINJING) SEBAGAI PERALATAN PERBAIKAN PADA MESIN PENDINGIN DENGAN REFRIGERAN R22 Billy Andang Baruna; Berkah Fajar TK.
JURNAL TEKNIK MESIN Vol 3, No 2 (2015): VOLUME 3, NOMOR 2, APRIL 2015
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

One of the environmental issues in this century that becomes the world’s concern is global warming and the destruction of the ozone layer. The cause of the damage or depletion of the ozone layer is by the emitted Bahan Perusak Ozon (BPO) from a variety of activities, either in using or producing goods that contain BPO. An example of BPO that is made by human is synthetic substances, the synthetic substances that have a quite high effect in polluting the environment is the refrigerant. Refrigerant R22 is a refrigerant that has Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) value of 0.06 and Global Warming Potential (GWP) value of 1700. The value of the ODP and GWP is quite high and affects the environmental destruction. Therefore, it is designed a recovery and recycling machine of refrigerant R22. The purpose of this study is to design a recoveryrecycle machine (2R) and calculate and determine the components of the recovery and recycling prototype machine that are easy to be carried and to be used. The design process of 2R machine uses VDI 2221 and VDI 2225 guidelines. Identify the problem, make a list of needs (requirements list), make the working principle, build working structures, make morphology tables, make technical and economic evaluation, as well as make sketches of 2R machine, are the steps of 2R machine design process. 2R machine design is aimed at cooling machine Air-Conditioner vapor compression cycle and the type of refrigerant used is R22. The current existing recoveryrecycle machine is only for refrigerant R12 and R134. Therefore, 2R machine is designed for refrigerant R22 which has much smaller weight and size than 2R existing machine with a weight target of 20 kg and a volume of 0,036 m3. From the calculation result and tools selection, it is generated 2R machine with specifications of 20 kg of weight, length of 40 cm, width of 30 cm, height of 30 cm, hermetic compressor of 0.25 HP (186.5 Watts) 1 piece, condenser of 2050 btu/hr 1 piece, a piece of 1 ½ inch oil separator brand EMERSON, ¼ inch copper pipe, 2 pieces of filter dryer brand EMERSON and 2 pieces of pressure gauge. With the use of recycled R22 that was wasted to the atmosphere and potentially damage the ozone layer, now it can be reused. This supports the world's commitment to reduce and stop the use of bahan perusak ozon (BPO) for both household and industrial needs in the long run
EVALUASI KOMPOSIT SERAT BIJI KAPUK RANDU BERPENGUAT EPOXY RESIN UNTUK PRODUK KAMPAS REM PABRIKAN FREE ASBESTOS DENGAN PEMBANDING BRAKE SHOES DAN BRAKE PAD PABRIKAN Stefanus Prasetyo; Gunawan Dwi Haryadi
JURNAL TEKNIK MESIN Vol 3, No 2 (2015): VOLUME 3, NOMOR 2, APRIL 2015
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Brake is a vehicle component that serves to slow or stop the vehicle comfortably. Composite is a kind of new material engineered consisting of two or more materials where each material properties different from each other both chemical and physical properties and remain separate from each other and the material. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of weight percent of the epoxy resin added to the ash kapok seed as the composite material is applied to the motor vehicle brake shoes in the review of the nature of the wear rate, flexibility, and hardness. The results of testing the hardness of composite brake shoes kapok seed is highest at A1 specimens with epoxy resin composition ratio of 5:3 between gray with epoxy resin, the lowest hardness of the specimen B2 with a ratio 7:3 between gray with epoxy resin. In comparison to the violence smallest specimens contained in the specimen K is equal to 47.01 HV and greatest violence contained in a specimen that is equal to 112.14 HV. Value wear rate is highest in B4 specimens with epoxy resin composition ratio is 7: 3, the lowest wear rate is the specimen A1 with epoxy resin composition ratio is 5:3 ash and epoxy resins. In comparison to the rate of wear of the smallest specimens contained in the specimen A with the wear rate of 2.44 x10-7 mm2 / kg and the highest wear rate on the specimen F with a wear rate by 2.82 x10-7 mm2 / kg. Value flexibility composite brake shoes kapok seed is highest at B3 specimen with a composition ratio of 3:2 between Abu B3 + Epoxy Resin, low flexibility is the specimen without treatment with epoxy resin composition ratio is 3:2. In comparison to the flexibility of the smallest specimens contained in the specimen K with the flexibility of 15.85 N / mm2 and l the highest flexibility in specimen F with the flexibility of 27.48 N / mm2 slightly higher than the specimen A which has the flexibility of 27.24 N/mm2.
UJI KARAKTERISTIK SPONGE IRON HASIL REDUKSI MENGGUNAKAN BURNER LAS ASITELIN DARI PASIR BESI PANTAI SUWERU JEPARA Sonar Hariawan; Sugeng Tirta Atmadja; Yusuf Umardhani
JURNAL TEKNIK MESIN Vol 3, No 2 (2015): VOLUME 3, NOMOR 2, APRIL 2015
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Sponge iron is a product in the manufacture of steel that through the process of direct reduction of iron sand. Steel making process flow through the sponge starts from iron sand made pellet or briquettes in the shape of a reduction to sponge with the welding asitelin burner. In this research is made of sponge iron which raw materials iron sand from Suweru beach Jepara. Briquettes are made from a mixture of iron sand 75%, 20% carbon, and 5% tapioca flour as gluten. From taking of sand beach Suweru 5kg, obtained 3,3875 kg of iron sand from extraction process with permanent magnet as much as 2-3 times. After the extraction process, sieving process is carried out using a 100 mesh, obtained 2.2710 kg. So that it can be seen levels of iron sand beach Suweru was 67,75% and 45,42% are raw material that ready for production. Furthermore, the raw material mixing 2,25 kg of iron sand, 0,6% carbon (charcoal) and 0.15 kg of gluten (tapioca flour) with a total weight of 3 kg resulting in ± 70 briquette iron sand through the process of compacting the weight range of 43 grams per briquette. From sampling 3 briquette iron sand is reduced, resulting sponge iron by weight of 13,98 grams, 14,83 grams and 17.97 grams that can be known percentage yield of 36.68% reduction process. Results of testing the composition of the AAS method, the composition of the raw materials obtained 1.63% Mg, 2.63% Si, 7.30% C, and 49.90% Fe. However, after the reduction process, the composition of the sponge iron 1.4% Mg, 1.42% Si, 1.90% C, and 64.12% Fe. From the data shown a significant increase in Fe content of 14.22%, and is accompanied by a decrease in the levels of impurities in the iron sand.
PREDIKSI KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR MINYAK UNTUK KENDARAAN DARAT JALAN RAYA SAMPAI TAHUN 2040 MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE LEAP Muhammad Fauzi Aditya Nasri; MSK. Tony Suryo Utomo
JURNAL TEKNIK MESIN Vol 3, No 2 (2015): VOLUME 3, NOMOR 2, APRIL 2015
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

This study is designed to predict the fuel consumption for passenger cars, motorcycles, buses and trucks in Indonesia from 2010 to 2040 using LEAP software with two scenarios, as which is business as usual (BAU) by assuming growth of fuel consumption without changes from policies and technologies sector and advanced fuel economy (AFE) assuming an increase in vehicle technology which can affect fuel consumption. The simulation results shows fuel required  for passenger car type vehicle in 2040 based on the BAU is 2,579.6 million gigajoules and 2,229.9 million gigajoules for AFE or savings up to 13.56%. Fuel required for motorcycles in 2040 based on the BAU is 1.792,8 million gigajoules and 1.559,9 million gigajoules based on AFE in 2040 or savings up to 13%. Fuel required bus type vehicle in 2040 based on the BAU is 689,6 million gigajoules and 621,9 million based on AFE or fuel savings up to 9,82% . Fuel required for truck type vehicle based on the BAU in 2040 is 4.598,2 million gigajoules and 3,983.0 million gigajoules based on AFE or savings up to 13.39 %.  Exhaust emissions produced by vehicles are passenger cars, motorcycles, buses and trucks in 2040 for the BAU is Carbon Dioxide Non Biogenic (CO2) 266,4 billion Metric Tonnes, Carbon Monoxide (CO) 56,7 billion Metric Tonnes and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) 31,1 billion Metric Tonnes. As for the AFE, in 2040 for CO2 230,7 billion Metric Tonnes, CO 56,7 billion Metric Tonnes and NOx 31.1 billion Metric Tonnes. At year 2040 the value of CO2 on AFE scenario decreased by 13,41% compare to BAU scenario, but the value of  NOx and CO in the AFE and the BAU scenario is same.
DESAIN MODEL SMARTHOME SYSTEM BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER ATMEGA8535 Hermawan Setiadi; Munadi Munadi
JURNAL TEKNIK MESIN Vol 3, No 2 (2015): VOLUME 3, NOMOR 2, APRIL 2015
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Smarthome system is the computer-based system to regulate the house that will give comfort, safety, security, and energy saving, in which it was held automatically programmed by computer. This is motivated by the limited sources of energy such as electricity or other energy, so we have to be really efficient in energy use. In this study, the smarthome system that is designed is to be used to adjust the lighting of the room, opening and closing of the gate system, switching on and off water pump system, and roof of clothes line system. In this study, we started to design a model of smarthome system by using SolidWorks software, then we create a model smarthome system using acrylic. After that, we started to programme with a CodeVisionAVR software for ATmega8535 microcontroller as brain of smarthome system. Based on the testing results that has been done, the model smarthome system is able to save electricity usage of about 28.8 percent of the ordinary house with the assumption that we set
ANALISA AERODINAMIKA BODY MOBIL HEMAT BAHAN BAKAR ANTAWIRYA KONSEP 3 DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Rizkya Laila Nursyahbani; MSK. Tony Suryo Utomo
JURNAL TEKNIK MESIN Vol 3, No 2 (2015): VOLUME 3, NOMOR 2, APRIL 2015
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Fuel oil declining from year to year since oil resources of the earth are not renewable. Hence, a fuel saving plan is something of considerable importance today. Continued development of technology has enabled automotive engineers to place an emphasis on vehicle fuel consumption by keeping the drag coefficient (Cd) value to minimum, which in turn should improve fuel efficiency. This research is aimed at effort to prouce a more aerodynamic car body design, particularly to redesign the previous Antawirya car known as Antawirya Konsep 3, to simulate and compare the results of both cars, in term of the drag coefficient values, and to learn about the air flow pattern around the car. Car aerodynamics simulation are conducted in wind tunnel set as the computing domain by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The k-epsilon turbulent realizable standard wall function method is used in this research, which is specified based on the phenomenon of validation in backward-facing step. This research also use the second order upwind as the discretization method for more accurate results. The number of each grid for previous Antawirya and Antawirya konsep 3 are 862391 and 639641. The results of the simulation show a reduction of drag coefficient on Antawirya konsep 3 compare to the previous Antawirya. Drag coefficient has shown a decrease by 24,93% at a rate of 10 km/h, a decrease by 25,20% at 20 km/h, a decrease by 26,01% at 30 km/h, a decrease by 26,02% at 40 km/h, a decrease by 26,37% at 50 km/h, and a decrease by 25,83% at 60 km/h. The separation and wake phenomenon also occurred on the back of the car body, as the separation and wake on Antawirya konsep 3 are shorter than the previous Antawirya design. This is due to the fact that the body of Antawirya konsep 3 has a more aerodynamic.
REDUKSI PASIR BESI PANTAI SIGANDU KABUPATEN BATANG MENJADI SPONGE IRON MENGGUNAKAN BURNER GAS ASETILIN Itsnain Aji Pangestu; Sugeng Tirta Atmadja; Yusuf Umardhani
JURNAL TEKNIK MESIN Vol 3, No 2 (2015): VOLUME 3, NOMOR 2, APRIL 2015
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

In this experiment has been done laboratory scale processing of iron sand from Sigandu beach regency of Batang to be sponge iron by direct reduction using oxyacetylene gas burner at 1200 oC. Based on the experiments conducted through the process of making a composite pellets briquettes, and conducted trials combustion using oxyacetylene gas burner with the composition of the briquettes is 75% iron sand, wood charcoal is added as much as 20% functions as a reductant, and 5% tapioca which functions as glue. The iron sand into iron is required a long production stages, begins with the extraction or separation of magnetic minerals with non-magnetic using magnets to increase levels of Fe. From the results can be known content extraction iron sand of Sigandu beach is 62.27%. In the composition testing using AAS method (Atomic Absorption Spectrometry) iron sand composition (raw material) obtained 3.56% Si, 6.12% C, 1.42% Mg, and Fe 51.23%, after reduced to 62.13% Fe, 1.20% Mg, 0.85% C and 1.98% Si. From these data seen increase in the Fe content of 10.09%, accompanied with a decrease in content impurities in the sponge iron
UJI PERFORMANSI CUTTING FLUID PADA PROSES PEMESINAN DRILLING PLAT BAJA Bobby Kharisma; Rusnaldy Rusnaldy
JURNAL TEKNIK MESIN Vol 3, No 2 (2015): VOLUME 3, NOMOR 2, APRIL 2015
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Cutting fluid is a very important component in the process of machining (metal-cutting operation), in addition to extend tool life cutting fluid in some cases able to reduce cutting force and refine the product surface machining results.Machining conditions used in this study are machined dry (do not use cutting fluid) and by using cutting fluid dromus and synthetic oil. Workpiece material used as test specimens in this reserches is a steel JIS G3106 SM490YA. And for material of cutting tool used is made of High Speed Steel (HSS).To know the performance of the cutting fluid can be known from measurements such as tool wear generated. Tool wear measurement is done by use spindle speed 2500 rpm and perform ingestion 150 times for each tools and variable. Also, provide load 150 kg on drilling machine handle. From the testing will be known cutting fluid which has the best performance. Good performancecutting fluid is can decrease the friction between the cutting tool with the workpiece so that hasthe smallest tool wear generated so that it can extend cutting tool lifeCutting fluid is a very important component in the process of machining (metal-cutting operation), in addition to extend tool life cutting fluid in some cases able to reduce cutting force and refine the product surface machining results.Machining conditions used in this study are machined dry (do not use cutting fluid) and by using cutting fluid dromus and synthetic oil. Workpiece material used as test specimens in this reserches is a steel JIS G3106 SM490YA. And for material of cutting tool used is made of High Speed Steel (HSS).To know the performance of the cutting fluid can be known from measurements such as tool wear generated. Tool wear measurement is done by use spindle speed 2500 rpm and perform ingestion 150 times for each tools and variable. Also, provide load 150 kg on drilling machine handle. From the testing will be known cutting fluid which has the best performance. Good performancecutting fluid is can decrease the friction between the cutting tool with the workpiece so that hasthe smallest tool wear generated so that it can extend cutting tool life.

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