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INDONESIA
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
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Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro untuk mempublikasikan karya ilmiah - karya ilmiah mahasiswa Program S1 Teknik Kimia Undip.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 33 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013" : 33 Documents clear
PENGHILANGAN WARNA COKLAT LARUTAN GULA STEVIA MENGGUNAKAN KARBON AKTIF Ibrahim Ghazi; Bayu Wicaksono; Abdullah Abdullah
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

At this time there is many prospecting ofalternative natural sweetener that has a high level of sweetness, low in calories and not carcinogenic. One of those is the natural sweetener stevia from the leaves of the stevia plant. One of the method to get the sweetener is byextracting the stevia leaf. However, after the process of extraction the solution turns brown due to tannins that contained in the stevia leaf. Oneof the processto eliminate tanninfrom the solution is by using activated carbon to absorb tannins. Materials used in this research is dried stevia leaves, water, activated carbon, and citric acid. Then equipments used is beaker glass, pipette, measuring glass, magnetic stirrer, heater, pH meter, filter paper, scale, and spectrophotometer. Extraction process used 65oC of temperature, 300 rpm of stirring speed for 10 minutes. Adsorption processdid at room temperature within 24 hours. After adsorption process each sample will be analyze with spectrophotometer using 725 nm of wavelength to get the amount of tannin contained. The result of this research is the higher pH operation that used the smaller tannin that contained. Then the lower temperature that used to heated the adsorbent the smaller tannin that contained. The optimum conditiom for tannin adsorption based on this research is using 200 oC of temperature to heated the adsorbent and using 6 of pH operation.
KARAKTERISASI FISIK PATI GANYONG (Canna edulis Kerr) TERMODIFIKASI SECARA HIDROTERMAL Maila Yesti Kuswandari; Olivia Anastria; Dyah Hesti Wardhani
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Canna starch are a roots which abundant in Indonesia. Canna starch has the potential to be developed because it has many uses, especially potential to be used as a functional food ingredients, for example as sources of carbohydrates that used as intermediate products (such as noodles, vermicelli, biscuit etc). Modification of Canna starch change the functional properties of the starch  to increase the added value as a functional food ingredient.. The aim of this research was to study the effect of temperature and heating time on the physical properties of hydrothermally modified canna starches.Heat treatment modifies heating of starch at elevated temperature(100oC, 110oC) in varying moisture level for certain period (2, 4, 6 hour). The results show that the analysis bulk density(0,6692-0,7528 gr/ml), solid density(0,7588-0,8396 gr/ml) have a higher value than native canna starch. While the analysis of the water content of wet weight(8-14%) in the modified starch have a lower value than native starch.Advantages of heat moisture treatment modification change the functional properties to be better.
DEPOLIMERISASI KITOSAN DENGAN HIDROLISA ENZIMATIK MENGGUNAKAN ENZIM α-AMILASE Hanik Handayani P.L.; Paramarta Siwi R.; Nur Rokhati
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Chitosan is a polymer derivative of chitin that has many benefits in food and medical. Since chitosan has a large molecular weight, it has constraints to its application. To overcome the disadvantage, it needs hydrolysis of chitosan in order to obtained a lower molecular weight. In this research the hydrolysis of chitosan will  be operated by enzymatic process uses thermophilic enzyme α-amylase. The experiment begins by making a chitosan solution 1% w/v in an acetic acid solution 1% v/v. The chitosan solution is hydrolyzed using the enzyme α-amylase with varied pH, operating temperature, time, and ratio of the enzyme:substrate to obtain the optimum. The response comprehends Dextrose Equivalent (DE), viscosity, and the average of molecular weight. The results showed that the optimum operating conditions for chitosan hydrolysis using α-amylase enzyme is at pH 5, temperature 90 °C, 2 hours operating time, and ratio of enzyme:substrate 1:2500 (0,1 ml). For variable pH, temperature, time, and enzyme addition, DE rises meanwhile variables are increased, then it dropped significantly after the optimum level. The hydrolysis can reduce molecular weight of chitosan from 1680-1750 kDa to 144,18 kDa thus it is included to MMWCs.
POTENSI AIR DADIH (WHEY) TAHU SEBAGAI NUTRIEN DALAM KULTIVASI Chlorella sp. UNTUK BAHAN BAKU PEMBUATAN BIODISEL Dhika Joko Arinto; Hayu Pradipta Paramastri; Danny Soetrisnanto
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

An increase of population growth and energy demand has lead to a foster fuel consumption, therefore an alternative fuel is necessarily needed for a solution to solve the problem. Currently, one of the most popular solution offered is biodiesel. The development of biodiesel as renewable energy is done by using microalgae such as Chlorella sp. with 28-32% lipid content as its raw material. The objective of this research is to find out the effect of various concentration, biomass based on growth time, and lipid content based on growth time result by comparing it to the addition of synthetic nutrients and whey (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% Total Volume). The optimal growth on cultivation of Chlorella sp. with the addition of synthetic nutrients occurs in day 9 with 0,487 Optical Density (OD), 2,0818 grams/litre of dry biomass, and 0,493 grams/liter of lipid. While for Chlorella sp. cultivation with the addition of tofu waste water (whey) has its optimum condition for Optical Dansity occurs in day 9 of 20%V whey addition which is 0,486. Also observed in day 9, the optimum condition for dry biomass and lipid of 25%V whey addition is 4,2125 grams/litre and 1,081 grams/litre. Chlorella sp. cultivation using 25%V whey addition produced better result comparing to cultivation by using synthetic nutrient.The maximum COD reduction occurs in 15%V whey addition with 77,01% reduction efficiency, while on the other hand, with the addition of whey in its optimum variable (25%V) resulting a decrease of efficiency by 64,28%. Based on tofu industrial center located in Jomblang, with 7 quintals per day of soybean as raw material, it can produce lipid for biodiesel feedstock amounted up to 0,188 kg per day.
PENURUNAN KADAR KAFEIN KOPI ARABIKA DENGAN PROSES FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN NOPKOR MZ-15 Danang Kristiyanto; Broto Dhegdo Haris Pranoto; Abdullah Abdullah
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Coffee is one of the most famous drinks in the world. Many people like to drinks coffee because it has a unique flavor. Besides its flavor, coffee also has the benefit of stimulating the brain's performance as well as antioxidants. Chlorogenic acid is the predominant antioxidants contained in coffee beans in the form of esters. Chlorogenic acid is also providing the typical aroma of coffee and a parameter to determine the quality of coffee. Besides having a beneficial substance, coffee also contain caffeine which is not good for health. One of the most famous type of coffee is civet coffee (kopi luwak). This coffee is unique because in the process of this coffee should be consumed first by the civet. The issue is populations of civet who began to decreaseand the process that makes it difficult to be produced on a large scale in a short time. In the present research we tried to apply the culture of a mixture of several types of microorganisms called NOPKOR MZ-15 for processing regular coffee that resembles the civet coffee. The coffee we use in tihis research is arabica coffee. This quality is still below the civet coffee because it contains caffeine higher. Economically,arabica coffee price is still far below the civet coffee. Through a fermentation method using NOPKOR MZ-15 caffeine contained in coffee is decomposed into ester to produce better flavor. After going through the process of fermentation, caffeine levels will drop so that the economic value of coffee also increased. This process also produces acidity that not too high so that the coffee is still safe to consumsed. This research can be obtained through alternatives to improve the quality of coffee without civet.
PENGERINGAN GABAH DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENGERING RESIRKULASI KONTINYU TIPE KONVEYOR PNEUMATIK Ivan Aditya Gunawan; Aulia Rahman Majid; Siswo Sumardiono
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Rice is one of the most important food commodities in the world. So we need to handle it seriously to reduce loss due to improper post-harvest handling. One of the post-harvest handling that noteworthy is the paddy grain drying process. Paddy grain drying process by conventional methods are often encounter many obstacles and no longer relevant to use. Therefore, required an innovative drying tool as an alternative to paddy grain drying.Recirculating paddy grain dryers with pneumatic conveyor could be an alternative, because it has several advantages that good quality dried grain and uniform, and easy to perform control during the drying process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of temperature and velocity of pneumatic air to the drying rate. The variables studied in this research isthe velocity of pneumatic airflow, and temperature of drying air. From the research we got that it will be running effectively at a temperature of 60 ° C and pneumatic air velocity of 20 m / s.
PEMBUATAN SERBUK DAUN CINCAU HIJAU RAMBAT “CYCLEA BARBATA L.MIERS”MENGGUNAKAN PROSES MASERASI DAN FOAM MAT DRYING Rista Rahayu; Etna Mayasari Taslim; Sumarno Sumarno
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Cincau including native plant from indonesia.and has another name, such as Camcao. camcao types used in this study are get fromCyclea L. barbata Miers. Green cincau is rich in carbohydrates, polyphenols,saponins,and fat.and calcium, phosphorus, vitamin A an B. The main components of axtracts of green cincau gel forming polysaccharide pectin is a low metoksi. Pectin is a gelling hydrocolloid group that has the potential tobe used as gelatin or agar-agar. To produce the green cincau into powder should be developed technologyMeserasi and Foam Mat Drying.maceration is a simple screening process in chemical compounds by soaking the leaves green cincau at room temperature using a solvent distilled water. So that the material becomes soft and soluble. Leaves greeen cincau marinated with distilled water was filtered with filter paper to get maserate. Maserate release of solvent by evaporation of the foam dryin. The drying of materials previously used gel foam prior to adding foam agent.foam ha a requirement for feasibility to be astablished. It must be added surfactans or foam agent or stabilizers in continue phase. Foam stabilizere serves to maintain the consistency foam so that the foam drying process will be quick and materials are not damaged by heating. The purpous of this study was to determine the amount of pectin contented in the green cincau. As you well, pectin is one component that serves food to adhesive can foam gel.it possible to make cincau to be agar-agar powder. And the benefits of this method is to obtained green cincau powder that can be used so that the people is can use more efficient and easier. The experimens where conducted by mixing green cincau and solven (aquqdes) with mass ratio 10, 15, 20 so change become gelling. After that drying with temperature 40, and 50 0C used emulsi fier (10,15,20 %w). The result showd that the ratio of mass is the most in fluential variable. Optimum conditions optained by ratio of mass 15, emulsi fier 20, and temperature 40 0C.
TEKNOLOGI ULTRAFILTRASI UNTUK PENGOLAHAN AIR TERPRODUKSI (PRODUCED WATER) Henny Ikka Safitri; Fella Ryanitha A.; Nita Aryanti
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Produced water generated from crude oil exploitation contains compounds such as BTEX, ammonia, phenol, and mercury that are dangerous for human health and environment. Some technologies have been applied for produced water treatment such as biological wastewater treatment with microorganism, coagulation and flocculation. In this research, produced water was treated using ultrafiltration membrane. Specifically this research is aimed to obtain characteristic of produced water and ultrafiltration membrane (functional groups in membrane), to determine the membrane performance (flux and rejection) and the effect of ultrafiltration on the final characteristic of produced water. Characterization of produced water showed that the COD, TOC, toluene, and xylene content exceed the minimum values of wastewater quality standards for oil, gas, and geothermal activities. Membrane analysis using SEM showed the polyethersulfone membrane having an asymetric membrane structure. FTIR analysis showed there were aromatic components of SO2, PVP, and OH stretching group in the membrane. In variation of pressure, the permeate flux of PES decrease 2,5% for 1 bar, and 59% for 2 bar. In addition, PES can reject 96,8% COD, 99,9% TOC, 83% toluene, and 94,6% xylene. This research demonstrated that ultrafiltration was capable for produced water treatment since the effluent can meet the government quality standards of water disposal for COD and TOC contents
MODIFIKASI UBI KAYU DENGAN PROSES FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN STARTER Lactobacillus casei UNTUK PRODUK PANGAN Muchlis Riki Darmawan; Patrick Andreas; Bakti Jos; Siswo Sumardiono
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Modification of cassava flour(MOCAF) is fermented cassava flour biomass with the help of microorganisms. Modification of cassava flour has a protein content and properties of the physicochemical better than regular cassava flour (without fermenting). Manufacture of modified cassava flour through several stages, namely the preparation of cassava (peeling, washing and cutting), fermentation, drying and the process of conversion chips dried into flour. Modified cassava flour can be produced by fermentation using a wide variety of microorganisms such as the culture of the Lactobacillus casei group of lactic acid.This research aims to know the influence of the concentration of a starter, a thick piece of cassava chips and the addition of nutrients to increased levels of protein as well as the changing nature of the resulting physicochemical. Fermentation is carried out using lactic acid cultures of Lactobacillus casei starter with a concentration of 1%, 3%, and 5% V and nutrients used is ammonium hydrogen phosphate 5% w. In the fermentation process used pieces of 2 mm thickness of chips, 4 mm and 6 mm.The fermentation process is carried out for 72 hours, with the room temperature. From the results obtained: improvement of the highest protein of 3.68% in 2 mm, 5% V variable,% solubility best of 1.63% at 2 mm, 5% V variable, swelling power best of 17.8% in 2 mm, 1% V variable,% carboxylic 0.4% on the largest variables 2 mm ,5% the best tensile strength in noodle products of 0,138 N/mm2 with ratio of 10% MOCAF and 90% of the flour, and pilus expand power of 261,71% on 5% V variable.
PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI FLUIDIZED BED DRYER DENGAN PENAMBAHAN ZEOLIT 3A UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFISIENSIPENGERINGAN GABAH Noor Hidayati; Utami Diah P.; Ratnawati Ratnawati; Suherman Suherman
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Now, drying paddy  using conventional method is irrelevant to used. The need of grain increasing each year is one of the main factor that pushes scientist to invent new methods of drying paddy grain. The old method is unusefull since it takes up space, needed the sun as the drying media which causes a long drying time. One of the alternative of drying paddy grain is by using mechanic dryer. By using this type of dryer, the process of drying takes faster comparing to the old method and the distribution of grain is supplied continuously. The dryer which uses fluidized bed  can be one of the solution due to its less energy consumption, a better drying result and high drying capacity. The variable used to identify drying performance is temperature and loading weight. From the experiment, it is resulted that the best temperature for drying paddy grain is 50 C with the flowrate 3,5 m/s.

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