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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 55 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 18 no. 3 (2017)" : 55 Documents clear
Diversity of endophytic actinobacteria isolated from medicinal plants and their potency as pancreatic lipase inhibitor LENNI FITRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180301

Abstract

Fitri L, Meryandini A, Iswantini D, Lestari Y. 2017. Diversity of endophytic actinobacteria isolated from medicinal plants and their potency as pancreatic lipase inhibitor. Biodiversitas 18: 857-863. Endophytic actinobacteria from medicinal plants have high diversity and potency to produce secondary metabolites with various biological functions, including the activity of lipase inhibitor. As it has been widely known that inhibiting fat absorption through the activity of pancreatic lipase inhibitor is one of the most common treatments for weight loss. This study aimed to assess diversity and capability of endophytic actinobacteria in producing pancreatic lipase inhibitor from medicinal plants that were traditionally used as antiobesity. Medicinal plants used in this research were rhizome of Alpinia galanga, Kaempferiae galanga, K. rotunda, Zingiber cassumunar, and leaves of Murraya paniculata. The endophytic actinobacteria were isolated, purified, and assayed for lipase inhibitory activity. The selected isolates were molecularly identified based on 16S rRNA gene and compared for their close relationship with reference strains available in the GenBank. A total of 35 endophytic actinobacteria has been isolated from the five medicinal plants examined. The isolates showed to have various morphological diversity based on their colony and microscopic observations, and also to have various lipase inhibitory activity. The inhibition activity ranged from 6.1 to 96.5%. There were five selected endophytic actinobacteria which have lipase inhibitory activity higher than 90%. At the same concentration of sample (1300 ppm), the crude extract of AEBg12 showed slightly higher activity (95.3%) compared with orlistat (93.6%), used as a positive control. The partial sequences of 16S rRNA analyses showed that AEBg4 (1421 bp) had the highest similarity with Streptomyces sp. S170 (93%), followed by its close relationship with S. lannensis strain SR3-58 (93%), and S. lannensis JCM 16578T (92%). Both AEBg10 (1051 bp) and AEBg12 (1010 bp) had the highest similarity with Streptomyces sp. S170 by 99% and 98%, respectively. The AEKp9 (1367 bp) had a close relationship with Streptomyces sp. DLDG2 (93%) and S. bellus NBRC 12844T (93%). While for AELk3 (1033 bp), the similarity with Streptomyces sp. NRLL B-24869 was 98%. These research data can be considered as new information, regarding the capability of endophytic actinobacteria from medicinal plants, which have potency as antiobesity, through their pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity.
Short Communication: Abundance of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza asociated with corn planted with traditional and more modern farming systems in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia LILY ISHAQ; ANTHONIUS S.J. ADU TAE; MORESI A. AIRTHUR; PETERS O. BAKO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180304

Abstract

Abstract. Ishaq L, Adu Tae ASJ, Airthur MA, Bako PO. 2017. Short Communication: Abundance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal spores associated with corn planted with traditional and more modern farming systems at East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 887-892. Mycorrhizal fungi play an important role in improving plant productivity and soil conservation. One factor that may have an impact on the population of mycorrhizal fungi in the soil is the land management. The study aimed to investigate the impact of land management on the spore density of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) associated with corn, and was undertaken at 6 sites in Kupang District of East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia Two farming systems (traditional and more modern) were chosen for the study, and three locations were selected to represent each farming system practiced. Representative soil samples were taken from each location/farming system for AM observation and soil analysis. The results showed that spore density of AM fungi was higher in soil taken from corn plantation with traditional practice than that found in soil taken from corn plantation with more modern practice, indicating a negative impact of the more modern farming practice on the population of AM fungi. The research should be extended to further investigate the diversity and communities of AM fungi at different time and location.
Sacred grove as remnant forest: A vegetation analysis SAIKAT MANNA; SUMIT MANNA; TUSHAR KANTI GHORA; ANIRBAN ROY
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180306

Abstract

Manna S, Manna S, Ghora TK, Roy A. 2017. Sacred grove as remnant forest: A vegetation analysis. Biodiversitas 18: 899- 908. Sacred groves are the remnants of ancient virgin forest sustaining veritable gene pool that have been gained century-long protection through the inherent cultural and religious belief of the ethnic communities. These important local biodiversity hotspots, representing the climatic climax of regional plant communities, are gradually being under threat by natural disturbances or anthropopression. Thus vegetation analysis of sacred groves is very important to find out their lineage to nearby existing forest. To reach the goal, significant plant compositional similarity between the sacred groves with changing distance was measured by 2X2 contingency analysis from presence/absence data matrix of major tree species (MTS) and major climber and liana species (MCLS) of 13 sacred groves of a particular soil zone. The observation reveals a significant gradual decrease in chi-square value with the increasing distance between the groves. Jaccard and Sorensen Coefficients for community similarity also reflect an inverse relationship of any two groves with increasing distance. Agglomeration Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) depicts that all the 74 families are found to be clustered into three significant groups. In respect of Multiple Correspondence among sacred groves, symmetric and asymmetric plots indicate that there two distinct groups have theirs within similarities among families in the groves. The plexus diagram shows a confluence zone of all the 13 sacred groves which might be the maximum probable area of an ancient riverine wood forest. The study would be helpful in restoration of threatened/degraded sacred groves and also guide in the preparation of management plan for the conservation of these relic forest fragments.
Behavioral ecology of reintroduced Orangutans in the Bukit Batikap, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia IKE NURJUITA NAYASILANA; SUWARNO HADISUSANTO; HERY WIJAYANTO; SRI SUCI UTAMI ATMOKO; DIDIK PRASETYO; JAMARTIN SIHITE; CAREL P. VAN SCHAIK
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180303

Abstract

Nayasilana IN, Hadisusanto S, Wijayanto H, Atmoko SSU, Prasetyo D, Sihite J, Van Schaik CP. 2017. Behavioral ecology of reintroduced Orangutans in the Bukit Batikap, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 875-886. Conversion habitat is the major threats to orangutan survival. More than 600 orangutans in rehabilitation center Nyaru Menteng BOSF, Central Kalimantan, waiting to be released to their nature habitat. The success of reintroduction is strongly dependent on the ecological component of the new habitat’s quality. Orangutans’ spatial behavior strongly related to fruit availability fluctuation, which will effects adaptation success. The goal of the study is to differentiate adaptation patterns of reintroduced orangutans (semi-wild and rehabilitant) base on habitat suitability. This study focused on 16 reintroduced orangutans (8 semi-wild and 8 rehabilitant) with a distribution of vegetation analysis overlaid with ranging for ecology effect. Day journey length and ranging of orangutans were collected for 18 months (2012- 2014) by means of focal animal sampling. Ranging data was analyzed using ArcMap GIS 9.3 Kernels program, the correlation between ranging and vegetation by Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), diversity and biodiversity vegetation analysis which was then compared to wild orangutans (Sebangau and Tuanan Research Station). We found, 98% of Sorensen’s similarity in vegetation and similar diversity for Simpson’s, Shannon-Wiener and biodiversity indexes. Significantly high proportions of food patches consumed were fruit (p < 0.81) and rattan (p < 0.58). Our data also show the range of reintroduced orangutan vertical movements were between 0 m to >20 m, minimum home range for males was 619 ha and females 544 ha, with overlapping areas between orangutans 0.09%- 77.85%. Based on the correlation between ranging and food distribution, reintroduced orangutan distribution was found to be concentrated on food resources, with other factors indicating that they still felt comfortable around humans, and ranging was found to be similar compared to wild orangutans. In conclusion, an adaptation of reintroduced orangutans, both semi-wild and rehabilitated, in their new habitat was found to be similar.
Short Communication: DNA barcoding reveals vulnerable and not evaluated species of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea and Stichopodidae) from Kepulauan Seribu reefs, Indonesia HAWIS MADDUPPA; AM AZBAS TAURUSMAN; BEGINER SUBHAN; NURLITA P ANGGRAINI; RISKI FADILLAH; KUSTIARIYAH TARMAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180305

Abstract

Madduppa H, Taurusman AA, Subhan B, Anggraini NP, Fadillah R, Tarman K. 2017. DNA barcoding reveals vulnerable and not evaluated species of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea and Stichopodidae) from Kepulauan Seribu reefs, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 893-898. DNA Barcoding is a tool in the molecular taxonomy which allows a rapid and precise identification. This tool is needed to mitigate difficulties in identifying species of sea cucumbers in Indonesia. This study was conducted to reveal species diversity in sea cucumbers (Holothuridae and Stichopodidae), commonly harvested in the Kepulauan Seribu reefs, northern Jakarta, Indonesia, by using mitochondrial DNA. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using the Kimura-2 parameter with 1000 of bootstrap values. The genetic distance within and between species was investigated. Conservation and trade status of the species were determined using IUCN and CITES, respectively. DNA barcoding using mitochondrial Cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI) revealed 7 species from 96 samples, of which 4 species belonged to the Stichopodidae (Stichopus herrmanni, Stichopus ocellatus, Stichopus horrens, Stichopus monotuberculatus), and 3 species to the Holothuridae (Bohadschia bivittata, Actinopyga lecanora and Holothuria leucospilota). Phylogenetic analysis showed that the two families were separated with a high bootstrap value. The neighbor-joining tree supported the result of identification of the sea cucumber species. The ingroup haplotypes were clustered into four main clades. Stichopus herrmanni and S. ocellatus were identified as closely related, which matches their morphological characteristics. Bohadschia bivittata is the most distinct species from other species due to the formation of a separate clade in the phylogenetic tree. Stichopus. horrens and S. monotuberculatus were also identified as very closely related, which might explain the frequent morphological misidentification of both types. The conservation status determined one of the investigated species was categorized as vulnerable, one as least concern, one as not evaluated, and four species in data deficient. The population trend of S.s herrmanni was recorded to be decreasing, whereas it remained unknown for the other 6 species. Surprisingly, all identified species in this study were not evaluated yet by CITES. This study suggests that a proper field monitoring and the establishment of a valid list of commercial and scientific names for the sea cucumbers harvested in Kepulauan Seribu is necessary. This would be valuable for keeping trade records and managing and conserving the targeted sea cucumber species in the region.
The landscape structure change of the tropical lowland forest and its possible effect on tree species diversity in South Sumatra, Indonesia ZULFIKHAR ZULFIKHAR; HILDA ZULKIFLI; SABARUDDIN KADIR; ISKHAQ ISKANDAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180308

Abstract

Zulfikhar, Zulkifli H, Kadir S, Iskandar I. 2017. The landscape structure change of the tropical lowland forest and its possible effect on tree species diversity in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 916-927. The forest fragmentation is a spatial structure change, resulted in a reduction of the number and size of forest patches, and a subdivision and breaking up of the areas into smaller parcels. The key scientific challenges concern the significant gaps exist in our ability to understand the relationships between landscape structure, biodiversity and the output of ecosystem services at different spatial and temporal scales. The objective of this study was to examine the possible effect of changes in a spatial pattern of habitat against the changes of the tree species diversity. We apply a landscape structure analysis of the forest fragmentation, and then determine the principal component of the landscape metrics. We analyzed multitemporal satellite imageries from 1989 to 2013, that have been clipped as a sampling area. Thirty-two circular sampling areas with a radius of 2,500 meters were used. We conducted observations in 32 unit sample plots of biodiversity in the size of 20 meters by 50 meters, at a midpoint of the clip of area sampling. The results of a test of inter-correlation of all variable data showed that there were 15 of 23 landscape metrics of natural forest, reliable for the next analysis. We reduced the number of variables into three new variable groups using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). We produce three of six models of principal component multipleregression were significant (p < 0.05) to predict the composition and diversity of tree species caused by a change of landscape metrics, namely the species richness index, species equity index, and basal area of a tree stand. The prediction models are beneficial in the planning of biodiversity conservation and restoration of the fragmented natural forest.
Local knowledge of the Baduy Community of South Banten (Indonesia) on the traditional landscapes JOHAN ISKANDAR; BUDIAWATI S. ISKANDAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180309

Abstract

Iskandar J, Iskandar BS. 2017. Local knowledge of the Baduy Community of South Banten (Indonesia) on the traditional landscapes. Biodiversitas 18: 928-938. The Baduy people are a distinctive group of 11,620 people representing 3,395 households who live in an area of 5.136,58 hectares in the mountainous region of South Banten, Java. Traditional Baduy land cultivated by Baduy alone is described as tanah Baduy (Baduy land). This paper discusses the local knowledge of the Baduy community on the traditional landscapes. A qualitative method was used in this study. The result of the study shows that based on the Baduy categories, the Baduy landscape can be divided into four types, mainly forest, swiddens, gardens, and settlements. These landscape types have been traditionally managed based on the Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) and beliefs. As a result, the Baduy people have continuously been able to practice traditional swidden cultivation, despite population growth and the depletion of the forest around them.
Short Communication: The phenology of Sonneratia alba J. Smith in Berbak and Sembilang National Park, South Sumatra, Indonesia SARNO SARNO; RUJITO AGUS SUWIGNYO; ZULKIFLI DAHLAN; MUNANDAR MUNANDAR; MOH. RASYID RIDHO; NITA AMINASIH; HARMIDA HARMIDA; M. EDI ARMANTO; ELISA WILDAYANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180307

Abstract

Sarno, Suwignyo RA, Dahlan Z, Munandar, Ridho MR, Aminasih N, Harmida, Armanto ME, Wildayana E. 2017. Short Communication: The phenology of Sonneratia alba J. Smith in Berbak and Sembilang National Park, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 909-915. The ecosystem of mangrove forms the largest portion of the habitat in Berbak and Sembilang National Park (BSNP), Banyuasin District, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia, which is the largest mangrove area in the western part of Indonesia. There is a tendency that the mangrove condition in this area is gradually degrading over time. The main causes of mangrove destructions are both natural and human factors. The destructions of mangrove in BSNP directed by human are more than natural factors, for axample, land use conversion from wildland into cultivated land, the making of ponds, especially along Banyuasin Peninsula. The information on the observation of mangrove phenology is very important for sustainable mangrove management. The observation of mangrove phenology in the restoration area of BSNP is intended to study the natural stages of growth and reproductive development of Sonneratia alba J. Smith, the local name is Padada. The observation is done by means of tagging methods. Monitoring is conducted periodically from the flowering time until the fruit was ripe. The phenology of Sonneratia alba takes about three months from the beginning of flowering until the fruit was ripe.
Catch composition, length frequency and biomass of commercial carps in Zayandehrud dam, Isfahan Province, Iran MOHAMMAD REZA ABBASI; SEYED YOUSEF PAIGHAMBARI; MOJTABA POULADI; RASOUL GHORBANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180310

Abstract

Abbasi MR, Paighambari SY, Pouladi M, Ghorbani R. 2017. Catch composition, length frequency and biomass of commercial carps in Zayandehrud dam, Isfahan Province, Iran. Biodiversitas 18: 939-944. The reservoir of Zayandehrud with an area of 4800 hectares due to its economic role is one of the important lakes in Isfahan Province. This study was performed from September 2015 to March 2016, to evaluate catch composition, length frequency and biomass of carps for sustainable utilization of fish resources. Sampling operations were performed using gill nets with mesh sizes including 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 120, and 150 mm (stretched) with a length of 1 to 3 km seasonally. A total of 617 fish with a total weight of 1109.7 kg were caught. The important species which were caught by fishing operations were including common carp (Cyprinus carpio), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and mesopotamian barb (Capoeta damascina), respectively. Due to natural reproduction season (spring, in July), the fishing season usually starts from August to the end of winter. Common carp with 292 pieces (47.32%), silver carp with 87 pieces (14%) and mesopotamian barb with 221 pieces (35.81%) had the most abundance; whereas crucian carp with 4 pieces (0.64%) and grass carp with 1 piece (0.16%) showed the lowest abundance. Also as the main species of study, highest length ranges of caught common carps were in the range of 38-45 cm and 46-50 cm in autumn and winter, whereas highest length ranges of caught silver carps were in the range of 56-86 cm and 48-54 cm in autumn and winter. Length - weight relationships of carp showed an isometric growth model that indicates homogeneous growth in fish.
Short Communication: Diversity and distribution of termites in buildings in Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia YULIATI INDRAYANI; YOKO TAKEMATSU; TSUYOSHI YOSHIMURA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180312

Abstract

Indrayani Y, Takematsu Y, Yoshimura T. 2017. Diversity and distribution of termites in buildings in Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 954-957. This study aimed to map the distribution of termites in buildings in Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Forty-four infested buildings in Pontianak were chosen randomly as samples. Out of the buildings inspected, 10 buildings were aged less than 15 years, 13 buildings 16-30 years, 17 buildings for over 31 years, and 4 buildings were of unknown age. The altitude of the survey area was from 0.1 to 1.5 m above sea level. Soil types were clay, alluvial, humus, and organosol. The average temperature, average relative humidity, and annual precipitation at the survey site were 27.3°C, 84% and 340.6 mm, respectively. By direct observations, ten termite species were found: Coptotermes curvignathus, Coptotermes kalshoveni, Cryptotermes sp.1, Cryptotermes sp.2, Cryptotermes domesticus, Cryptotermes cynocephalus, Nasutitermes havilandi, Schedorhinotermes medioobscurus, Microcerotermes havilandi, and Globitermes globosus. N. havilandi was the most common species found in 26 buildings, followed by Cryptotermes sp.1. (9 buildings), C. domesticus (8 buildings) and C. curvignathus (8 buildings).

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